One of the complication during or after subclavian vein cannulation is intravascular catheter or wire embolization. Although some studies have reported safety of retaining foreign body embolization, and even death. The intravascular foreign body can be removed surgically or non-surgically. With improvement in instrument technology and technique, percutaneous retrieval of intravascular foreign bodies has become a relatively common procedure. Commonly used methods to remove intravascular foreign bodies are loop snare and basket technique. Sometimes biopy forcep can be used. We have experienced 2 cases of non-surgical removal of intravascular foreign bodies. One of the foreign bodies was 7cm wire fragment in right atrium(RA), the other was a 50cm guide wire. We used the standard loop snare technique for removal of 7cm wire fragment in RA and stone removal basket and 3.0mm ACS PTCA balloon to remove the 50cm short guide wire.
Catheterization ; Catheters ; Foreign Bodies* ; SNARE Proteins ; Subclavian Vein ; Surgical Instruments

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of emergency setting visitors' knowledge and behavior patterns in relation to prevention of respiratory tract infections. METHODS: A descriptive survey was used. The participants were visitors to the emergency service in ‘D’ general hospital in ‘D’ city, and the data were collected from July 1 to September 1, 2016. The collected data were analyzed using frequency analysis, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: Factors influencing prevention of respiratory tract infections were visitors' education level, methods of dissemination of prevention information, and participants' knowledge with regard to preventive methods. The explanatory power was found to be 35% in the regression model. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that visitors' education level, knowledge of infection prevention, and the dissemination of information regarding infection prevention by the hospital play an important role in the prevention of respiratory tract infections in emergency services in the hospital. These results highlight the need for a customized education program for prevention of respiratory tract infections in emergency settings. Programs should take into consideration the educational background of visitors, and provide them with appropriate information regarding infection prevention.
Education ; Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Hospitals, General ; Respiratory System* ; Respiratory Tract Infections*

PURPOSE: The results of ceramic-on-ceramic (CoC) bearing surfaces in primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) were well known. However, it was not known in revision THA. The purpose of this study is to report the results of revision THA with ceramic articulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 112 revision THAs were evaluated. The mean age at the time of surgery was 51.6 years (27.7 to 84.2 years). The mean duration of the follow-up periods was 6.3 years (2.3 to 11.4 years). RESULTS: The Harris hip scores improved from an average of 56.2 at the index surgery to an average of 93.3 at the last follow-up (P<0.001). None of hips showed osteolysis or ceramic head fracture. One hip showed aseptic loosening in the acetabular component with squeaking that caused a re-revision. There were nine cases of dislocation. The survivorship at 5 years was 94.5% (95% confidence interval, 87.9% to 97.6%) with revision for any reason as the endpoint and 100% with femoral revision. CONCLUSION: The ceramic articulation is one of good bearing options for revision THA in patients with a long life expectancy.
Acetabulum ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip* ; Ceramics* ; Dislocations ; Follow-Up Studies ; Head ; Hip ; Humans ; Life Expectancy ; Osteolysis ; Survival Rate

BACKGROUND: Although abnormal serum alanine aminotranferase(ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) clearly indicates certain disease in the liver, normal reversion of serum ALT and AST during the disease process, after the histologic diagnosis of chronic hepatitis, does not ensure that the patients liver would be normal. We considered a partial remission of chronic hepatitis as the levels of serum ALT and AST were persistently normal over 6 months or more, and studied how the histologic findings in the partial-remitted patients of chronic hepatitis would change. MATERIALS: Twenty-three agreed to rebiopsy in the patients of chronic hepatitis with normal level of serum ALT and AST over 6 months. The histologic findings between the first and second liver-biopsied specimens were compared, and the classification of their morpholgy was translated with Batts and Ludwigs new scoring system of chronic hepatitis divided into grade and stage. RESULTS: The grading scores of the first and second biopsy were 2.70 +/- 0.16 and 1.48 +/- 0.14, respectively, and the grading scores of the second biopsy decreased significantly than of the first biopsy (p=0.000); 18 cases(78.1%) were improved, but none was aggravated. The staging scores of the first and second biopsy were 1.870.19 and 1.430.22, respectively, and the staging scores of the secand biapsy also decreased significantly than of the first biopsy (p=0,020); 14 cases (61.2%) were unchanged, 8 cases (34.5%) were improved, but 1 case (4.3%) was aggravated. The stage-improved cases were 7 in the patients of chronic viral hepatitis B, and 1 in the patient of chronic viral hepatitis C, and viral loads of them disappeared. Three cases (13.0%) of them changed into no fibrosis, and 2 cases of them (8.7%) with severe fibrosis improved to mild fibrosis. But, although the levels of serum ALT and AST were persistently normal over average 16 months, grading and staging scores decreased over 2 points in 21.0% and 13.0%, respectively, and the case of which both grading and staging scores improved to normal was only 4.3%. CONCLUSION: Serum ALT and AST level were well correlated with grading. However, the correlation between serum ALT and AST level and staging was poor, even though the triggering factors of chronic hepatitis had been disappeared. Then, we recommand close follow-up and treatment to lessen the fibrogenic reaction of the liver in them.
Alanine* ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Aspartic Acid* ; Biopsy ; Classification ; Diagnosis ; Fibrosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatitis B ; Hepatitis C ; Hepatitis, Chronic ; Humans ; Liver Diseases* ; Liver* ; Viral Load

Platelets are derived from the fragments that are formed from the cytoplasm of bone marrow megakaryocytes-small irregularly shaped anuclear cells. Platelets respond to vascular damage, contracts blood vessels, and attaches to the damaged region, thereby stopping bleeding, together with the action of blood coagulation factors. Platelet activation is known to affect genes associated with vascular risk factors, as well as with arteriosclerosis and myocardial infarction. Here, we performed a genome-wide association study with 352,228 single-nucleotide polymorphisms typed in 8,842 subjects of the Korea Association Resource (KARE) project and replicated the results in 7,861 subjects from an independent population. We identified genetic associations between platelet count and common variants nearby chromosome 4p16.1 (p = 1.46 x 10(-10), in the KIAA0232 gene), 6p21 (p = 1.36 x 10(-7), in the BAK1 gene), and 12q24.12 (p = 1.11 x 10(-15), in the SH2B3 gene). Our results illustrate the value of large-scale discovery and a focus for several novel research avenues.
Arteriosclerosis ; Blood Coagulation Factors ; Blood Vessels ; Blood Platelets ; Bone Marrow ; Cytoplasm ; Genome-Wide Association Study* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Korea ; Megakaryocytes ; Myocardial Infarction ; Platelet Activation ; Platelet Count* ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Risk Factors

PURPOSE: The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of xylobiose-sugar mixture intake on defecation frequency and constipation symptoms in 31 young women with constipation. METHODS: Thirty-one subjects were assigned to two groups, and subjects in each group were administered 10 g of a 7% xylobiose-sugar mixture (Experiment 1: XBS, n = 15) or 10 g of a 7% xylobiose-sugar mixture containing coffee mix (Experiment 2: XBS coffee mix, n = 16) twice per day for 6 weeks. During the study, clinical efficacy was assessed by a daily diary record. The subjects recorded their defecation frequency and fecal characteristics. RESULTS: During pretreatment week, mean defecation frequency of XBS subjects was 2.13 times/week, whereas that of XBS coffee mix subjects was 1.56 times/week. The mean defecation frequencies of XBS and XBS coffee mix subjects increased significantly to 3.73 times/week (p < 0.05) and 3.56 times/week by week 6 (p < 0.05), respectively. After treatment with either XBS or XBS coffee mix, patients presented significant improvements in their amounts of stool, feelings of residual stool leftness, and abdominal pain symptoms (p < 0.05). The total constipation scoring system (CSS) for diagnosing constipation symptoms significantly decreased in the XBS group (10.53 score vs 7.22 score) and in the XBS coffee mix group (10.75 score vs 6.51 score) after 6 weeks. Improvement due to intake of 7% xylobiose-containing sugar seemed to last during the experimental period. CONCLUSION: The addition of approximately 7% xylobiose to commercially available sweeteners has been shown to improve constipation.
Abdominal Pain ; Coffee ; Constipation* ; Defecation* ; Female ; Humans ; Sweetening Agents ; Treatment Outcome

No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic*

Central hyperthermia is a very rare disease; however, once it happens, it is associated with a poor prognosis and high mortality for patients with severe brainstem strokes. Following a pontine hemorrhage, a 46-years-old female developed prolonged hyperthermia. Work-ups to the fever gave no significant clues for the origin of fever, and hyperthermia did not respond to any empirical antibiotics or antipyretic agents. The patient's body temperature still fluctuated in a range of 37.5degrees C to 39.2degrees C. Considering the lesion of hemorrhage, we suspected central hyperthermia rather than infectious diseases. We started with baclofen administration at a dose of 30 mg/day. The body temperature changed to a range of 36.6degrees C to 38.2degrees C. We raised the dose of baclofen to 60 mg/day. The patient's body temperature finally dropped to a normal range. Central hyperthermia, caused by failures of thermoregulatory pathways in brainstem, following the pontine hemorrhage rarely occurs. Baclofen can be used to treat suspected central hyperthermia in a patient with pontine hemorrhage.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Antipyretics ; Baclofen* ; Body Temperature ; Brain Stem ; Communicable Diseases ; Female ; Fever* ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Mortality ; Pons ; Prognosis ; Rare Diseases ; Reference Values ; Stroke

Central hyperthermia is a very rare disease; however, once it happens, it is associated with a poor prognosis and high mortality for patients with severe brainstem strokes. Following a pontine hemorrhage, a 46-years-old female developed prolonged hyperthermia. Work-ups to the fever gave no significant clues for the origin of fever, and hyperthermia did not respond to any empirical antibiotics or antipyretic agents. The patient's body temperature still fluctuated in a range of 37.5degrees C to 39.2degrees C. Considering the lesion of hemorrhage, we suspected central hyperthermia rather than infectious diseases. We started with baclofen administration at a dose of 30 mg/day. The body temperature changed to a range of 36.6degrees C to 38.2degrees C. We raised the dose of baclofen to 60 mg/day. The patient's body temperature finally dropped to a normal range. Central hyperthermia, caused by failures of thermoregulatory pathways in brainstem, following the pontine hemorrhage rarely occurs. Baclofen can be used to treat suspected central hyperthermia in a patient with pontine hemorrhage.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Antipyretics ; Baclofen* ; Body Temperature ; Brain Stem ; Communicable Diseases ; Female ; Fever* ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Mortality ; Pons ; Prognosis ; Rare Diseases ; Reference Values ; Stroke

PURPOSE: The optimal initial treatment for burn wound is generally applying cold running tap water of temperature 12~18degrees C for approximately 20 minutes. But most of the patients are not susceptible to this initial treatment because they are likely to get embarrassed in such situation. According to statistics of our hospital, 92.2% of patients who visited ER (emergency room) had less than 10 minutes of water cooling. In this study, our aim was to find out the clinical effect of biocellulose sheet (Bestian M(R) pack) as an emergent treatment. METHODS: Between November 2010 and October 2011, 93 patients with burn wound showing first or superficial second degree at first inspection were evaluated in our study. Biocellulose sheet (Bestian M(R) pack) was applied at the wound as soon as possible for 25 minutes and second inspection was done. Routine moisture dressing was done thereafter and patients were followed as outpatient. RESULTS: Among 93 patients, 28 were male and 65 were female. Scalding burn, contact burn, flame burn and other causes were 78, 6, 4 and 5 patients respectively. Average complete healing time was 7.99 days and average follow-up time was 5.49. CONCLUSION: Biocellulose sheet has the effect of cooling down the skin temperature up to 6~8degrees C after 10 minutes of its application. Recent studies reported that appropriate cooling in burn wound improves the zone of stasis and zone of erythema histologically eventually reducing the chance of skin graft. Therefore, biocellulose sheet has the effect of improving initial pain, histologic status, healing time and cost in patients with burn wound whose depth is not deep. Furthermore it reduces the risk of scar formation.
Bandages ; Burns ; Cicatrix ; Cold Temperature ; Erythema ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Running ; Skin ; Skin Temperature ; Transplants ; Water