5-Fluorouracil(5-FU), an antimetabolite capable of inhibiting fibroblast proliferation, was administered subconjunctivally after trabeculectomy(with or without lens extraction) on 8 eyes of 8 patients with neovascular or aphakic glaucoma, with poor visual acuity and poor surgical prognosis. The follow-up period ranged from 4 to 12 months. The mean intraocular pressure was reduced by approximately 65.5%, from 45.3 mmHg preoperatively to 15.6 mmHg postoperatively. Four of 8 eyes required no medication, but 3 needed some topical medication to achieve an intraocular pressure of <21 mmHg, and the remainder was 24 mmHg with hypotensive medication, postoperatively. The postoperative visual acuities improved in 3 of 8 eyes and remained unchanged in 5. Postoperative complications were hyphema in 4 cases, delayed formation of anterior chamber in 1 case, and serious inflammatory reaction in anterior chamber and severe longstanding conjunctival hyperemia in all the cases.
Anterior Chamber ; Fibroblasts ; Fluorouracil* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Hyperemia ; Hyphema ; Intraocular Pressure ; Postoperative Complications ; Prognosis ; Trabeculectomy* ; Visual Acuity

There are a number of formulas to calculate the implant power in cataract surgery, but SRK(TM) regression formula has been used to calculate the power of over 90% of all IOLs implanted in U.S.A.. The same may be said of our country. A constant in the SRK(TM) formula exerts an influence on the accuracy of any implant power calculation by various factors. Furthermore, it is suspicious that A constant designated in West shall apply to the Koreans, because anatomical structure of the eye between the two is more or less different. Therefore, in order to achieve the desired postoperative refractive state, it is desirable to individualize the SRK(TM) regression formula by calculating a revised A constant using a given style of lens implant from the same manufacturer. This study included 418 posterior chamber lenses of 5 different styles undergoing cataract surgery with IOL implantion in the Department of Ophthalmology, Chonnam University Hospital. Revised A constants were calculated retrospectively by evaluating the results. Predicted postoperative refractive state after IOL implantation of the power given by using Binkhorst formula, SRK(TM) formula with designated A constant and SRK(TM) formula with revised A constant, respectively, and actual postoperative refractive state were compared and analyzed to evaluate the accuracy among those three groups. The results were as follows: 1. The revised A constants obtained from retrospective analysis were as follows: IOLAB, 116.1; 3M, 115.1; Cilco with angulated haptics, 116.4: Copeland, 116.1; Cilco with uniplanar haptics, 115.2. The revised A constants in all the styles of implants were more or less reduced than the designated A constants. 2. There were no difference in the revised A constants between phacoemulification group and planned extracapsular cataract extraction group. 3. In all the styles of IOLs, the SRK(TM) formulas with revised A constants weremore accurate than the Binkhorst formulas and the SRK(TM) formulas with designated A constants in deternining IOL power. 4. In accuracy according to variable axial lengths and corneal refractive powers among those three groups, better result was obtained in the SRK with revised A constant.
Cataract ; Cataract Extraction ; Jeollanam-do ; Lenses, Intraocular* ; Ophthalmology ; Retrospective Studies

Clinical studies were performed that the patient with angina pectoris having no responses to Ca++ antagonist and beta-blocker had been taken nicorandil 5mg bid daily with, beta-blokade and Ca++ antagonists for 3 weeks. The results after the use of nicorandil were as follows; 1) The clinical symptoms after the use of nicorandil were improved in 20(80%) of 25 patients, specially marked improved in 16 of 25 patients. There was no significant changes of BP and heart rate after the use of nicorandil. 2) The results of CBC, urinalysis, serum chemistry exa. and chest P-A were within normal range before and after the use of nicorandil. 3) After the use of nicorandil, ST segments depressed in 13 of 25 patients before use of nicorandil was elevated in 8(61.6%) of 13 cases after the use of that. QT interval, P-R interval and T wave in 25 cases were within normal range before and after the use of that. The M mode echocardiography showed the decreased movement of ventricular septum in 19 of 25 patients before the use of Nicorandil, and there was no changes after the use of that. 4) The adverse effects after the use of nicorandil to 25 patients were as follows: headache in 3(12%), nausea and vomiting 2(8%), palpitation 1(4%), upper abdominal discomfort 1(4%), and facial flushing 1(4%).
Angina Pectoris* ; Chemistry ; Echocardiography ; Flushing ; Headache ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Nausea ; Nicorandil* ; Reference Values ; Thorax ; Urinalysis ; Ventricular Septum ; Vomiting

We studied clinical applicability of the contact transscleral retinopexy using the continuous-wave Nd:YAG (CW-YAG) laser. CW-YAG laser photocoagulation was done over sclera through contact probe in the pigmented rabbit eyes. Cryoretinopexy was also done and their morphologic findings were compared. Acute lesions produced with the laser photocoagulation were noted to have the characteristic white-colored distinct depigmentation. Its microscopic findings were oharacterized by choroidal necrosis, disruption of Bruch's membrane, dispersion of retinal pigment epithelial cells, and disorganization of sensory retina. Acute lesions after the cryoretinopexy were much more broader in its area and showed slight tanslucent retinal edema. Its microscopic findings showed relatively well-preserved choroid including Bruch's membrane. These data demonstrated that the contact transscleral CW-YAG laser retinopexy is capable of inducing more localized, stronger chorioretinal adhesion than the cryoretinopexy.
Bruch Membrane ; Choroid ; Diathermy ; Epithelial Cells ; Light Coagulation ; Necrosis ; Papilledema ; Retina ; Retinaldehyde ; Sclera

No abstract available.
Head* ; Necrosis*

The objectives of this study are two-fold : to identify geographic variations in the rate of tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy(T and A) and appendectomy and analyze the socioeconomic variables and health resources which affect geographic variation in the rate. The nationwide three month's cases of the two surgical procedures in 1991 are obtained from the record of the National Federation of Medical Insurance. The analysis shows two to ten-fold variations in the regional rates for the performance of two common procedures such as T and A and appendectomy. T and A shows a bigger regional variations than appendectomy. As a result of multiple regression, the factor of bed supply has been found significant for the dependent variable of the rate of T and A. The findings of large variations in the rate of surgical procedures throughout the country would have important implications for allocating scarce resources and managing quality of care. Further analysis is needed for the elaboration of the above implications.
Appendectomy* ; Health Resources ; Insurance ; Korea* ; Tonsillectomy*

Parathyroid hormone(PTH), a major bone hormone, inhihits DNA and collagen syntheses in osteohlast-like cells in vitro, but increase the proliferation of osteoblast in vivo as secn in hyperparathyroidism. On the other hand, insulin is known to increase DNA and collagen syntheses and modify the effects of PTH in osteoblast-like cells. We have examined the effects of PTH and insulin in rat osteosarcoma UMR-l06-01 cells and whether PTH plays a role in the insulin-mediated bone formation. When 1 nM PTH and 10 nM insulin were administered to VMR-l06-01 ceils, the rates of DNA synthesis were 124% and 136% of the untreated control, respectively. When the two hormones were administered serially by exposing to 1 nM PTH for 7 days followed by 10 nM insulin lor 24h, the largest increase was observed. The protein synthesis was also increased remarkahly when the two hormones were aclministered serially: the[3H]-leucine incorporation rates, compared to the control group, were 75% and l62% with PTH ancl insulin administration, respectively, but the rate was 297% with the serial administration of the two. The collaeen synthesis, as measured by the (3H)-proline incorporation rates were 60% and l64% with PTH and insulin administration, respectively, but 351% with serial administration, again showing a dramatic effect. These results showed that 1 nM PTH decreased DNA and collagen syntheses in UMR-l06-01 cells after both a 24h and a more prolonged exposure. Similar exposures to insulin tended to increase the syntheses. The comhination of PTH and insulin tended to increase the syntheses. hut not beyond the effect of insulin alone. However, the sequential administration of PTH and insulin markedly increases ihose rales relative to the simultaneous adminstration of these two hormones. Thus, it is possihle that sequential stimulation of PTH and insulin in hone matrix exerts an synergistic effect on hone formation in vivo.
Animals ; Collagen ; DNA ; Hand ; Hyperparathyroidism ; Insulin* ; Osteoblasts ; Osteogenesis ; Osteosarcoma* ; Parathyroid Hormone* ; Rats ; Respiratory Sounds

BACKGROUND: Currently, many laboratories have selected several different methods for the detection of M. tuberculosis in the sputum. To select efficient method for clinical laboratories among the various methods, we compared the results of several methods. METHODS: Total 72 sputums were examined by the six combinations of stain methods. The samples were constructed as follows on the result of direct smear ZN stain; negatives (26), traces (3), 1+(9), 2+(12), 3+(12) and 4+(10). The true positives were determined after close evaluation of the clinical, radiological and other laboratory findings. RESULTS: The sensitivities and specificities of each methods were as follows; direct smear ZN stain were 83.6% and 100%, direct smear Auramine stain were 90.9% and 100%, centrifugation ZN stain were 94.6% and 100%, centrifugation Auramine stain were 98.2% and 94.1%, cytocentrifugation ZN stain were 96.4% and 100%, cytocentrifugation Auramine stain were 100% and 64.7%, nested PCR were 80% and 94.1% and culture were 67.3% and 100% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Concentration method by centrifugation is suitable for routine laboratory if enough centrifugal force were engaged. Auramine stain is more suitable staining method than ZN stain in direct smear but not in concentrated smear because it has the potency of false positivity. The PCR assay is thought to be not only a fast, sensitive method but also a specific method for the direct detection of M. tuberculosis in the sputum. The culture method using Ogawa media is specific but not sensitive.
Benzophenoneidum ; Centrifugation ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis* ; Mycobacterium* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Sputum* ; Tuberculosis

We recently observed an unusual case of visual loss after periocular injection of silicone oil. A 31-year-old woman immediately experienced total loss of vision in the left eye with ipsilateral headache and ocular pain, dyspnea, abdominal pain, general weakness, and transient coma after subcutaneous injection of silicone oil on the glabellar area to reduce the facial wrinkles. We believe that the cause of blindness was multiple embolization in the central retinal artery and posterior ciliary branches of the ophthalmic artery.
Abdominal Pain ; Adult ; Blindness* ; Coma ; Dyspnea ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Injections, Intraocular ; Injections, Subcutaneous* ; Ophthalmic Artery ; Retinal Artery ; Silicone Oils*

Preretinal hemorrhage, which is located between the retina and vitreous face and is commonly developed on the macula, causes impaired central vision and if it persists, it may cause complications, such as epimacular membrane. A 49-year-old male who had dry type of age-related macular degeneration in both eyes and had an oval shaped premacular hemorrhage of unknown etiology in his left eye. We applied Q-switched Nd:YAG laser on membrane anterior to preretinal hemorrhage and ruptured it. Preretinal hemorrage was drained to inferior vitreous cavity and his central vision was rapidly improved.
Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Macular Degeneration ; Male ; Membranes ; Middle Aged ; Punctures* ; Retina