The tibial fracture apt to be encountered many complicationa including delayed or non-union. Many authors reported aeveral methods of early detection of the complication. Among them, it has been known that interoeseous phlebography is one of the simplest and valuable method to predict the delayed or non-union. Puranen and Kaski(1974) reported that the osteomedullography was valuable in early detection of delayed union and in deciding whether a bone graft is indicated. We performed ostemedullogram in the cases of tibial fracture since July, 1974. In this paper, we presented the caaes which showed unusual findings, and dicussed the method of evaluation of these findings. The results obtained as follows; 1. The positive Kaski signs did not always mean the completness of union of fracture. It only indicated that the union was going on. 2. Even in cases in which Kaski signs are positive, the final decision for bone graft have to depend upon the clinical and physical findings and simple roentgenogram. 3. The negative Kaski signs did not always mean the possible development of delayed or non-union. Usually it indicated only delaying of union, and the treatment should not solely depend on only the osteomedullographic findings. 4. Even in cases in which bridging callus is well formed around both fracture ends, also in cases of solidly united fracture Kaski signs were sometimes completely negative. This osteomedullography is clinically easily to apply in all cases of tibial fracture, and give us a lot of information concerning with fracture healing. We have to pay attention to the false nagative cases. In those cases we have to depend more on clinical test and simple roentgenogrm.
Bony Callus ; Fracture Healing ; Methods ; Phlebography ; Tibial Fractures ; Transplants

Dengue fever is an important health problem for international travelers to all endemic areas. The steadily increasing numbers of tourists visiting endemic areas raise the risk of exposure, and imported dengue cases are increasingly observed in nonendemic area. Dengue has a wide spectrum of clinical presentations, often with unpredictable clinical evolution and outcome. While most patients recover following a self-limiting, non-severe clinical course, a small proportion progress to severe disease such as dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome. Therefore, it is important to suspect dengue fever in every febrile patient returning from the tropics. Whenever it is suspected, a quick diagnosis and adequate managements are essential to avoid complications. We report two cases of imported dengue fever in Korean children presenting with fever, headache, nausea, and rash.
Child ; Dengue ; Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever ; Exanthema ; Fever ; Headache ; Humans ; Korea ; Nausea ; Philippines

No abstract available.
Aneurysm, False* ; Embolization, Therapeutic* ; Hepatic Artery*

One hundred eighty-six cases of ovarian common "epithelial" tumor including 28 endometriosis were reviewed, from the pathology file of the department of pathology of the National Medical Center during a period of 8 years and 6 months from January 1976 to June 1984. The study consisted of 14 cases(77.4%) of benign tumor including 28 cases of ovarian endometriosis, and 21 cases(11.3%) of borderline malignancy and 21 cases(11.3%) of invasive malignant tumors. Among benign common "epithelial" tumors, mucinous cystadenoma(69 cases) was the most frequent tumor, followed by serous cystadenoma (42 cases) and Brenner tumor (5 cases). Of borderline tumor, borderline mucinous tumor (18 cases) was more frequent than serous tumor (3 cases). Serous cystadenocarcinoma(9 cases) was the most frequent malignant tumor, followed by mucinous cystadenocarcinoma(6 cases), endometrioid carcinoma(3 cases) and undifferentiated carcinoma(3 cases). Most ovarian common "epithelial" tumors were prevalent during the reproductive age, but malignant tumors were more prevalent after the age of 40. Although right side was more frequently found (85 vs. 67) there is no significant site predilection. Bilaterality was the most common in undifferentiated carcinoma(66.7%), followed by serous cystadenocarcinoma(44.4%) and Brenner tumor(40%). The size of tumor tended to be larger in malignant tumor than benign. Mucinous tumor were usually larger than serous tumor. There were 7 intrauterine and 1 ectopic tubal prognancy which were associated with ovarian common "epithelial" tumors. Three cases of tumors were excised during Cesarian section. In summary these findings are comparable to other reports in Korea and English literatures. Histologic analysis of borderline and malignant epithelial tumor was done to emphasize their biologic behavor. Further study is required to compare their histological grading and clinical staging with thier survival rate.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the basophil histamine releasability in response to IgE- and non- IgE-mediated stimuli in children with atopic asthma. Met: Basophil histamine releasability was measured in Dermatophagoides farinae (D. farinae)-sensitive atopic asthmatics, D.farinae-sensitive healthy atopics, non-atopic asthmatics, and healthy non-atopics. Basophils were stimulated with D.farinae, goat antihuman IgE antibody, formyl-Met-Leu-Phe(fMLP), and Calcium ionophore A23187. Histamine was measured by automated fluorometric technique. RESULTS: Sponianeous histamine release was higher in atopic asthmatics compared to healthy non-atopics. Histamine release by D.farinae and by anti-IgE antibody was higher in atopic asthmatics compared to the other groups. There was no difference in histamine release by fMLP among all groups. Histamine release by Calcium ionophore was higher in healthy atopics and non-atopic asthmatics compared to healthy non-atopics. The atopics showed correlation between histamine release by D.farinae, by anti-IgE antibody and total serum IgE levels. CONCLUSIONS: Spontaneous and IgE-mediated histamine release were related to the presence of both atopy and asthma, whereas non-IgE mediated histamine release was different depending on the stimuli.
Asthma* ; Basophils* ; Calcimycin ; Calcium ; Child* ; Dermatophagoides farinae ; Goats ; Histamine Release ; Histamine* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E

Osteoblastomas were originally thought to be lesions that could be controlled with minimal local therapy, including curettage. However, at least some of the osteoblastomas with an unexpectedly active clinical course had histologic features which differed from ordinary osteoblastomas, and the term aggressive osteoblastoma was given to these lesions. In the aggressive osteoblastoma the osteoblasts are cytologically atypical. In addition, the well organized trabecular patterns of typical osteoblastoma is partly lacking, especially in the areas that are rich in atypical osteoblasts. The case report deals a case of aggressive osteoblastoma of the left iliac wing in a 44 year old male. The interesting radiologic manifestationa(plain x-ray CAT and radionuclide bone scan) and characteristic histologic findings are presented along with review of pertinent literatures.

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; Humans ; Ventriculostomy*

Cognitive deficit is frequently observed in patients with schizophrenia. It is significantly associated with functional outcome. In the past 20 years, due to significant advances on the concept of schizophrenia, cognitive deficit has been accepted as a core feature. In the DSM-5, cognitive deficit does not introduce diagnostic criteria of schizophrenia, but did one dimension of diagnosis of psychosis. Existing schizophrenia drugs are effective in treatment of positive symptoms of schizophrenia, but lack of effectiveness on improving cognitive function. Led by NIMH (National Institute of Mental Health), the MATRICS (Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia) meeting was conducted in order to achieve consensus on measuring tools and neuropharmacological targets for clinical trials for development of new drugs for improvement of cognitive function in schizophrenia. At the MATRICS consensus meeting, glutamatergic modulators and nicotinic and muscarinic agonists are expected to be promising, but should be proven by a double-blind placebo-controlled multicenter study for patients.
Cognition ; Consensus ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Muscarinic Agonists ; National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.) ; Psychotic Disorders ; Schizophrenia*

PURPOSE: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disease. Vitamin D and interleukin-31 (IL-31) are known to be related to the pathogenesis of AD with pruritus. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and IL-31 and the disease severity of AD in children with AD. METHODS: We recruited 160 children with AD and 42 controls. We used the SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index to measure the severity of AD. Serum IL-31 and 25(OH)D levels were assayed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and high-performance liquid chromatography, respectively. Serum levels of total IgE, specific IgE to common allergens and peripheral blood total eosinophil count were carried out in children with AD. RESULTS: Serum IL-31 level was significantly higher in AD group compared to control group and 25(OH)D level was significantly lower in AD group than control group. Serum IL-31 level showed the highest level in severe AD group followed by moderate and mild AD group, whilst serum 25(OH)D level was the lowest in severe AD group compared to moderate and mild AD group. There was no difference in serum IL-31 level between AD group and nonatopic dermatitis group. IL-31 level was positively correlated with subjective SCORAD index indicating pruritus in children with AD, and 25(OH)D was inversely correlated with SCORAD index. CONCLUSION: IL-31 and vitamin D may be related to the pathogenesis of AD, especially with regard to the pruritus.
Allergens ; Child* ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Dermatitis ; Dermatitis, Atopic* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Eosinophils ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E ; Pediatrics ; Pruritus ; Skin Diseases ; Vitamin D

PURPOSE: Viral infection is the most common aggravating factor for childhood asthma. Asthma may be a risk factor for severe respiratory symptoms in children with lower respiratory tract infections of viral etiology. Influenza A infection enhances Th2-polarization to house dust mites during the acute phase and leads to lung dysfunction in a mouse model. However, there are no data on the relationship between atopic sensitization and H1N1 (Influenza A) infection in humans. To investigate whether atopic sensitization is associated with the severity of H1N1 pneumonia, we compared clinical features and the atopic sensitization rate between children with and without H1N1 infection. METHODS: Using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions, we investigated H1N1 virus infection in 214 children who were hospitalized with high fever and respiratory symptoms from September 2009 to February 2010. We also performed immunoassays for total and specific IgEs to six common aeroallergens. Atopy was defined as positivity for more than one specific IgE. The clinical severity of pneumonia was evaluated based on intensive care unit admission, oxygen therapy, steroid therapy, and atelectasis. RESULTS: There were 70 H1N1-positive children, 42.9% of whom had pneumonia. Children with H1N1 infection were older and had a higher prevalence of atopic sensitization and pneumonia compared with H1N1-negative children. The rate of atelectasis was higher in children with H1N1 pneumonia than in children with non-H1N1 pneumonia. Among children with H1N1 viral infection, those with atopic sensitization had a higher prevalence of intensive care unit admission and oxygen therapy, and a longer duration of hospitalization than non-atopic children. There were no differences between atopic and non-atopic children without H1N1 viral infection. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of H1N1-induced severe lower respiratory tract diseases is higher in children with atopic sensitization.
Animals ; Asthma ; Child ; Fever ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Immunoassay ; Immunoglobulin E ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; Influenza, Human ; Intensive Care Units ; Lung ; Mice ; Oxygen ; Pneumonia ; Prevalence ; Pulmonary Atelectasis ; Pyroglyphidae ; Respiratory System ; Respiratory Tract Diseases ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; Risk Factors