No abstract available.
Female ; Metrorrhagia*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Cervix Uteri* ; Female ; Rhabdomyosarcoma*

PURPOSE: A study was performed to compare the detectability of extrahepatic duct stones between nonenhanced and enhanced computed tomography(CT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Consecutive 30 patients with extrahepatic duct stones were analyzed with special attention to the detectability of stones between nonenhanced and enhanced CT. The extrahepatic duct was further divided into two segments, one above(suprapancereatic) and the other in(intrapancreatic) the head of the pancreas. Conspicuity of the stone was graded as "visible", "suspicious", and "invisible". Three radiologists reviewed the CT images without prior information and determined the location of stone and grade of their conspicuity. RESULTS: The stones were located at the suprapancreatic common duct in 5 patients, intrapancreatic common duct, in 15 patients and both portion of the duct in 10 patients. There was no difference in the detection rate of stones between the two images at suprapancreatic common duct, and was 93%, However, the rate at intrapancreatic common duct was 95% and 64% on nonenhanced and enhanced CT scans, respectively. The overall detection rate was 95% on nonenhance CT and 75% on enhanced CT. CONCLUSION: We concluded that nonenhanced CT was prerequisite to evaluate the extrahepatic duct stones in addition to enhanced CT.
Head ; Humans ; Pancreas ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

1795 patients who visited orthodontic department from 1979 to 1987, were surveyed on the yearly tendency of patient distribution and state of Angle's classification. The results were as follows; 1. There was increased visiting rate of patient per year and higher visiting rate in female than in male. 2. 8-15 age group was 70.3% in total visiting patients and over 20 age group was 10.8%, under 7 age group was 7.3%. 3. Class I malocclusion was 26.3%, Class II div 1 was 31.0%, Class II div 2 was 1.6% and Class III was 41.1% in total visiting patient. 4. There was increased tendency to be received preventive treatment than fixed treatment and increased extracting rate per year in fixed treatment. 5. There was increased tendency for the number of the patient to be received orthognathic surgery.
Female ; Humans ; Male ; Malocclusion* ; Orthodontics* ; Orthognathic Surgery

PURPOSE: To investigate the efficacy of ultrasound (US)-guided core biopsies after digital mammography-guided two-dimensional localization (DM-2DL) of breast microcalcifications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-two patients with 23 suspicious microcalcifications underwent US-guided core biopsies after DM-2DL, to mark the sites on the skin where microcalcifications had been found (craniocaudal and mediolateral (or lateromedial) views). Of the 23 lesions, 4 were sampled using a 14-gauge automated gun and the other 19 were sampled using an 8-gauge vacuum-assisted device. The lesions were categorized into two groups: those with and those without microcalcifications observed on US. The success rate for correctly sampling microcalcifications on the specimen radiograph in the two groups was assessed and their pathologic outcomes were investigated. RESULTS: Of the 23 lesions, 16 were invisible and 7 were visible to ultrasonographic microcalcifications. The sampling success rate for the specimen radiographs was 100% for ultrasonographic visible microcalcifications and 88% (14/16) for lesions invisible to ultrasonography after DM-2DL (p = 1.000). The cancer rate of individuals with microcalcifications observed on US (57%, 4/7) was greater than in individuals without visible microcalcifications (13%, 2/16) (p=0.045). CONCLUSION: Although some microcalcifications are invisible on US, a US-guided biopsy after DM-2DL is a useful method for the successful sampling of the microcalcifications.
Biopsy ; Breast ; Humans ; Mammography ; Skin

No abstract available.
Doxorubicin* ; Drug Therapy* ; Etoposide* ; Stomach Neoplasms*

PURPOSE: To analyse the effectiveness of percutaneous treatment of central venous obstruction in patients undergoing hemodialysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 100 patients, 107 central venous strictures [56 subclavian (occlusion:21, stenosis:35) and 51 innominate (occlusion:23, stenosis:28)] were assessed, and 170 percutaneous angioplasty procedures were performed. Balloon dilation of the venous lumen was the preferred mode, but if dilation was incomplete we inserted a stent at the site of the stricture. Technical success, procedural complications and the long-term patency rate were evaluated, and the patency difference according to location and degree of stricture, the existence of DM, and any history of central catheter insertion were also determined. RESULTS: We inserted 52 stents in 170 procedures, in 157 (92.4%) of which initial technical success was achieved. Stent migration occurred in two cases and balloon rupture in three. The 6- and 12-month primary patency rates were 46.2% and 24.1%, respectively, and the mean patency rate was 8.5 months. The 1-, 2- and 3-year accumulative patency rates were 59.8%, 47.5% and 35.7%, respectively, and the mean patency rate was 23.5 months. Other than in the history of central catheter insertion, there were no statistically significant differences in patency rates (p=0.0128). CONCLUSION: In hemodialysis patients with a central venous stricture, percutaneous angioplasty is a safe and useful procedure, but to maintain long-term central venous patency, repeated interventions are required.
Angioplasty ; Catheters ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Dialysis ; Humans ; Renal Dialysis* ; Rupture ; Stents ; Subclavian Vein

Ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA) is a hydrophilic gall bladder acid and has been used as a effective drug for liver disease related to immunity. This drug inhibits secretions of IL-2, IL-4, and IFN- ? from T-cells and production of immunoglobulin from B-cells. Also it has been reported that UDCA inhibits production of IL-1 related to the progression of periodontal disease and activation of collagenases. The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the effects of UDCA on inhibition of periodontal disease progression using clinical, microbiological and histometrical parameters. Twelve pure bred, 16 month-old-beagle dogs were used in the study. After ligature-induced periodontal diseases were formed, experimental drugs were applied twice a day and then the results of clinical, microbiological, and histometrical parameters were measured at baselie(initiation of experiment), 4weeks and 8weeks. The gel with UDCA(concentration 0.5%, 5% 3 dogs in each) was applied to experimental group, chlorhexidine to positive control group(3dogs) and the gel without UDCA(base) to negative control group. After induction of general anesthesia, the maxillary 2nd, 3rd premolars and 1st molar and the mandibular 2nd, 3rd-4th premolars and 1st molar were ligated in one side selected randomly and were not ligated in the opposite side. The plaque index(PI), gingival index(GI), pocket depth(PD) and gingival crevicular fluid(GCF) volum were measured clinically. The PI and GI were measured at 3 buccal points of all experimental teeth and the GCF was measured only at the 3rd premolar in the maxilla and the 4th premolar in the mandible. In the microbiological study, the samples extracted from the 3rd premolar of the maxilla and the 4th premolar of the mandible at the center of buccal surface were analyzed aerobics, anaerobics and Streptococcus colony forming units. After clinical and microbiological examination at 8weeks, the dogs were sacrificed by carotid artery perfusion. The samples were fixed and sectioned including interproximal area, and the distance from cementoenamel junction(CEJ) to alveolar crest was measured, The results were that PI, GI and PD increased until 4 weeks and decreased at 8 weeks in three groups but the differences between all the groups were not significant. The 0.5% UDCA in non-ligated group showed remarkable decrease of GCF. The experimental group applied 5% UDCA decreased the number of aerobics and anaerobics. The distance from CEJ to alveolar crest was greater in the negative control group on both ligated and non-ligated sides, but the differences were not significant stastically.
Anesthesia, General ; Animals ; B-Lymphocytes ; Bicuspid ; Carotid Arteries ; Chlorhexidine ; Collagenases ; Dogs* ; Immunoglobulins ; Inflammation* ; Interleukin-1 ; Interleukin-2 ; Interleukin-4 ; Liver Diseases ; Mandible ; Maxilla ; Molar ; Perfusion ; Periodontal Diseases ; Stem Cells ; Streptococcus ; T-Lymphocytes ; Tooth ; Tooth Cervix ; Urinary Bladder ; Ursodeoxycholic Acid