No abstract available.
Erythrocytes*

No abstract available.
Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic*

Lumbar spinal fusions have been performed for spinal stability, pain relief and improved function in spinal stenosis, scoliosis, spinal fractures, infectious conditions and other lumbar spinal problems. The success of lumbar spinal fusion depends on multifactors, such as types of bone graft materials, levels and numbers of fusion, spinal instrumentation, electrical stimulation, smoking and some drugs such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). From January 2000 to December 2001, 88 consecutive patients, who were diagnosed with spinal stenosis or spondylolisthesis, were retrospectively enrolled in this study. One surgeon performed all 88 posterolateral spinal fusions with instrumentation and autoiliac bone graft. The patients were divided into two groups. The first group (n=30) was infused with ketorolac and fentanyl intravenously via patient controlled analgesia (PCA) postoperatively and the second group (n=58) was infused only with fentanyl. The spinal fusion rates and clinical outcomes of the two groups were compared. The incidence of incomplete union or nonunion was much higher in the ketorolac group, and the relative risk was approximately 6 times higher than control group (odds ratio: 5.64). The clinical outcomes, which were checked at least 1 year after surgery, showed strong correlations with the spinal fusion status. The control group (93.1%) showed significantly better clinical results than the ketorolac group (77.6%). Smoking had no effect on the spinal fusion outcome in this study. Even though the use of ketorolac after spinal fusion can reduce the need for morphine, thereby decreasing morphine related complications, ketorolac used via PCA at the immediate postoperative state inhibits spinal fusion resulting in a poorer clinical outcome. Therefore, NSAIDs such as ketorolac, should be avoided after posterolateral spinal fusion.
Adult ; Aged ; *Analgesia, Patient-Controlled ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/*administration & dosage/*adverse ; Case-Control Studies ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Fentanyl/administration & dosage/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Ketorolac/*administration & dosage/*adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Care/*adverse effects ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Retrospective Studies ; *Spinal Fusion/standards ; Treatment Outcome

No abstract available.
Animals ; Rats* ; Sciatic Nerve*

Lipoma is one of the unusual benign breast neoplasms and usually manifests at fatty breast of women at the age of 40 to 60. We experienced a case of large breast lipoma nearly replacing the whole left breast parenchymal tissue with mammographic finding of well-defined radiolucent mass, sonographic finding of hyperechoic mass with disorganized echopattern and computerized tomographic finding of very low attenuation mass, characteristic to adipose tissue, in a young woman of her dense breast.
Adipose Tissue ; Breast Neoplasms ; Breast* ; Female ; Humans ; Lipoma* ; Ultrasonography

Despite a recent trend toward increased screening and public awareness for colorectal cancer, 30% of patients present with incurable disease. This study was designed to identify objective criteria that might help surgeons decide which patients with incurable colorectal cancer will benefit from palliative resection. Among 33 patients considered incurable colorectal cancer, twenty one patients underwent palliative resection and twelve patients had bypass surgery. Incidence of postoperative complication after palliative resection was 61.9%(13 cases), and after bypass surgery was 58.3%(7 cases). Among patients treated by palliative resection, one patient required reoperation for postoperative bleeding. The operative mortality after palliative resection was 19%(4 cases), and after bypass surgery was 25%(3 cases). The median survival was 11.4 months for patients treated by palliative resection, and was 9.7 months for patients treated by bypass surgery. These results show that palliative resection can be done safely and effectively in patients with incurable colorectal cancer. We believe this approach improved the quality of the remaining life in these patients.
Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mass Screening ; Mortality ; Postoperative Complications ; Reoperation

From January 1993 to December 1995, 47 patients with rectal carcinomas underwent a rectal anastomosis using the double stapling technique at the Surgical Department of Kwang-ju Christian Hospital. The major advantages of the double stapling technique for lower rectal cancer over the single stapling technique or a hand-sewn operation are as follows:1) Insertion of a purse-string suture is eliminated, and application of a linear stapler to close the distal rectum may be performed with greater ease. 2) In addition, fecal contamination and spillage of tumor cells from the rectal segment are minimized. 3) Differences in the sizes of the colons and rectums are not a concern in constructing the anastomosis. 4) The operating time is shorter. The following results were obtained by a comparison with 24 patients with rectal carcinoma who had undergone a rectal anastomosis using the double stapling technique from January 1989 to December 1992 which was reported in a previous study:1) Anastomotic stenosis was decreased from 8.3% to 4.2% because of reduced ischemia due to the double row of staples and the reduced injury due to compression of tissue between the anvil and the cartridge with experience. In addition, it resulted from reduced tension of the anastomosis due to sufficients mobilization of the proximal colon and from selection of large cartridge (33 mm). 2) Anastomotic leakage, even though the same location as the tumor and in the advanced age group, was decreased from 4.2% to 0% because the blood circulation was maintained and unnecessary tension was reduced with experience. In addition, it resulted from reinforced suture of the anastomotic site which was performed after anastomosis. 3) Systemic recurrence was the same result as that of the previous study(4.2/4.3%). 4) Local recurrence, even though at the same distal distance from the margin of the cancer, was increased from 0% to 2.1% because of advancing the pathologic stage (B2, C1>B1, B2) and increasing the poorly differentiated pathologic type.
Anastomotic Leak ; Blood Circulation ; Colon ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Gwangju ; Humans ; Ischemia ; Postoperative Complications ; Rectal Neoplasms* ; Rectum ; Recurrence ; Sutures

From January 1993 to December 1995, 47 patients with rectal carcinomas underwent a rectal anastomosis using the double stapling technique at the Surgical Department of Kwang-ju Christian Hospital. The major advantages of the double stapling technique for lower rectal cancer over the single stapling technique or a hand-sewn operation are as follows:1) Insertion of a purse-string suture is eliminated, and application of a linear stapler to close the distal rectum may be performed with greater ease. 2) In addition, fecal contamination and spillage of tumor cells from the rectal segment are minimized. 3) Differences in the sizes of the colons and rectums are not a concern in constructing the anastomosis. 4) The operating time is shorter. The following results were obtained by a comparison with 24 patients with rectal carcinoma who had undergone a rectal anastomosis using the double stapling technique from January 1989 to December 1992 which was reported in a previous study:1) Anastomotic stenosis was decreased from 8.3% to 4.2% because of reduced ischemia due to the double row of staples and the reduced injury due to compression of tissue between the anvil and the cartridge with experience. In addition, it resulted from reduced tension of the anastomosis due to sufficients mobilization of the proximal colon and from selection of large cartridge (33 mm). 2) Anastomotic leakage, even though the same location as the tumor and in the advanced age group, was decreased from 4.2% to 0% because the blood circulation was maintained and unnecessary tension was reduced with experience. In addition, it resulted from reinforced suture of the anastomotic site which was performed after anastomosis. 3) Systemic recurrence was the same result as that of the previous study(4.2/4.3%). 4) Local recurrence, even though at the same distal distance from the margin of the cancer, was increased from 0% to 2.1% because of advancing the pathologic stage (B2, C1>B1, B2) and increasing the poorly differentiated pathologic type.
Anastomotic Leak ; Blood Circulation ; Colon ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Gwangju ; Humans ; Ischemia ; Postoperative Complications ; Rectal Neoplasms* ; Rectum ; Recurrence ; Sutures

No abstract available.
Pregnancy* ; Ultrasonography*

No abstract available.
Baroreflex* ; Cyclosporine* ; Rabbits*