Ankle arthrography, by direct puncture of joint cavity, is considered to be a simple and accurate diagnosticmethod for a precise evaluation of ligamentous injury. Forty-seven cases of ankle arthrography were successivelyperformed in the patients of acute ankle sprains. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate how anklearthrography can delineate the pathologic anatomy in such cases. The results are as follows; 1. Thirty cases amongforty seven revealed the findings of ligament tears. 2. For better diagnostic accuracy, the arthrography sholud beperformed within 72 hrs. after injury. 3. The anterior talofibular ligament tears were the most common(twenty-nine cases) of all and seventeen of them revealed tears without association of any other ligament terars.4. There were ten cases of calcaneofibular ligament tears and nine of them were associated with anteriortalofibular ligament tears. 5. Three cases of anterior tibiofibular and one deltoid ligament tears were demonstrated.
Ankle Injuries ; Ankle ; Arthrography ; Humans ; Joints ; Lateral Ligament, Ankle ; Ligaments ; Punctures ; Tears

PURPOSE: In children disorders affecting brain white matter are not uncommon and MRI has high sensitivity to detect white matter lesions. We performed this study to find out the distribution of underlying diseases that show abnormal white matter image findings on brain MRI and the relationship between the underlying diseases and some particular patterns of MR imaging abnormalities. METHODS: Out of 1477 pediatric patients who visited the department of pediatrics of Yeungnam University Medical Hospital and took brain MRIs from January 1995 to June 2001, ninety five patients with white matter abnormalities on T2 MR images were evaluated retrospectively. This study excluded the patients with brain tumor, brain abscess, trauma, secondary white matter abnormalities due to hydrocephalus, cerebral infarct, and those whose main lesions were gray matter. RESULTS: The most common underlying disease was cerebral palsy(50 cases, 52.6%), followed by acute disseminated encephalitis(10 cases, 10.5%), intrauterine CMV infections (9 cases, 9.5%), inherited neurometabolic disorders(7 cases, 7.4%). In 12 patients(12.6%) with some neurological problems such as afebrile seizures and developmental delay, no underlying disease were found. The most common pattern of abnormal image findings was periventricular white matter lesions(45.3%) strongly related with cerebral palsy. The pattern of peritrigonal deep white matter lesions was found in 19 patients(20.0%), in 10 patients of whom no underlying diseases were found. The pattern of multiple round margined scattered lesions was found in all the 10 patients(10.5%) of acute disseminated encephalitis. CONCLUSION: There are diverse underlying diseases showing abnormal white matter image findings on MR in pediatric patients and particular patterns of abnormal image findings may serve to make a specific diagnosis possible. But not in a small group of children no diagnosis was established. Further studies regarding the underlying diseases affecting white matter lesions and more detailed knowledge of abnormal MR image findings are needed.
Brain ; Brain Abscess ; Brain Neoplasms ; Cerebral Palsy ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Encephalitis ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Leukoencephalopathies* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pediatrics ; Retrospective Studies ; Seizures

59 cases of pancreatic ultrasonography, proven by clinically, radiologically or pathologically, were analyzedand the results are as follows; 1. Enchogenecity of pancreatic cancer was low echogenic in 27 cases, highechogenic in 2 cases and had similar echogenecity in 3 cases, compared with liver. 2. There were 10 cases of livermetastasis of pancreas malignancy and the metastasis was demonstrated in 7 cases by ultrasonography. Theechogenecity of liver metastasis was low in 6 of 7 cases. 3. In 14 cases of pesudocyst, inflammatory changes inthe portion other than pseudocyst were demonstrated in 5 cases. 4. The localized enlargement of pancreas head wasdemonstrated in 3 cases of pancreatitis of 10 cases.
Head ; Liver ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pancreas ; Pancreatic Diseases ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; Pancreatitis ; Ultrasonography

The study was to evaluate the normal variations of abdominal aorta and its major branches in Koreans. Using atotal of 363 abdominal angiograms and selective organ angiograms, normal variation of aorta and its major branchesincluding level of aortic bifurcation and of origin of major branches, multiplicity of renal arteries andvariations of celiac trunk were observed and analyzed. The results are as follows; 1. The celiac trunk usuallyarises from aorta at the level between middle 1/3 of 12th thoracic vertebra and upper 1/3 of 1st lumbar vertebra,most frequently at the level of the lower 1/3 of 12th thoracic vertebra. 2. The superior mesenteric artery usuallyarises from aorta at the level between disc space of 12th thoracic vertebra and middle 1/3 of 1st of lumbarvertebra, most frequently at the level of uppe 1/3 of 1st lumbar vertebra. 3. The both renal arteries usuallyarise form aorta at the level between middle 1/3 of 1st lumber vertebra and disc space of 1st lumbar vertebra,most frequently at the level of lower 1/3 of 1st lumbar vertebra. The frequency of the multiple renal artery was19% and right renal artery was higher than left side in 56%. 4. The level of aortic bifurcation is usually at thelevel between middle 1/3 of 4th lumbar vertebra and and disc space of 4th lumbar vertebra, most frequently at thelevel of lower 1/3 of 4th lumbar vertebra. 5.The classical normal pattern of celiac and hepatic arteries was shownin 74.6%. Anomalous origin of common hepatic artery was seen in 1.9%, anomalous origin of right hepatic artery in5.8% and accessory right hepatic artery in 2.9%. Anomalous origin of splenic artery was in 1.3% and originatedfrom superior mesenteric artery.
Aorta ; Aorta, Abdominal ; Hepatic Artery ; Mesenteric Artery, Superior ; Renal Artery ; Spine ; Splenic Artery

No abstract available.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Tuberculosis, Spinal*

No abstract available.
Hematoma* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging*

No abstract available.
Bipolar Disorder*

Since the endosaccular coil embolization technique was introduced as an alternative for treating selected patients with aneurysms, it has become a mainstay of treatment for cerebral aneurysms. In lesions with a neck larger than the aneurysmal body, an irregular shape, or arterial branches incorporated within the sac, endovascular treatment using detachable coils are traditionally contraindicated because of technical difficulties. Coil embolization has evolved as a result of both the development of related devices and the introduction of technical improvements using various devices. Use of various technical and device options can make endovascular treatment of cerebral aneurysms safer and can widen the treatment indications. Various technical options, including the technical modification of device-assisted techniques, will be presented, and the related practical points will be discussed in this issue.

Fifty-nine histologically proven cases of carcinoma of the larynx and hypopharynx were examined with CT forthe staging before surgery or radiation therapy and the findings of primary disease and neck metastasis wereanalyzed. Local extension of the tumor can be easily evaluated with CT and findings of lymph node metastasis ofneck were seen in 33 cases(79%) of all. Among cases of neck metastasis, peripheral contrast enhancement of thelymph nodes were demonstarated in 26 cases (79%).
Hypopharynx ; Larynx ; Lymph Nodes ; Neck ; Neoplasm Metastasis

No abstract available.
H-Reflex*