Approximately 90% of nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) infections involve the pulmonary system; NTM infections involving areas of the musculoskeletal system such as the joints or spine are uncommon. This report describes a case of refractory knee swelling in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Indolent arthritis of the knee eventually progressed to spondylitis and a paraspinal abscess requiring surgical incision and drainage. The cause of the infectious arthritis and spondylitis was diagnosed as NTM infection, specifically Mycobacterium kansasii. This case emphasizes the importance of a high index of clinical suspicion for mycobacterial infection, as well as repeated attempts to isolate the organism, in patients with SLE who present with atypical chronic arthritis.
Abscess ; Arthritis* ; Arthritis, Infectious ; Drainage ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; Musculoskeletal System ; Mycobacterium kansasii ; Nontuberculous Mycobacteria* ; Spine ; Spondylitis*

This study describes pathological, immunohistochemical, and bacteriological findings in adult dogs and fetuses naturally infected with Brucella (B) canis. A total of 42 dogs including 40 dogs and 2 aborted fetuses were examined. The most common gross lesions in infected dogs were swelling of lymph nodes and spleen. The testes showed marked swelling with multifocal to diffuse reddish discoloration. The most significant histopathological lesions were observed in the placenta. Placental trophoblasts were markedly hypertrophied due to the accumulation of intra-cellular gram-negative bacteria. Lymphocytic inflammation of varying severity was observed in the reproductive organs such as male testis, epididymis, and prostate gland and female uterus. Strong immunolabelling was observed in the cytoplasm of most trophoblasts in the placental tissues using immunohistochemistry. However, immunohistochemical staining did not demonstrate any organisms in other organs of dogs and fetuses. B. canis isolates were most frequently obtained from the whole blood (82.5%) and superficial inguinal lymph node (77.5%) in both sexes. In addition, the isolation rate was higher in male genital organs than in those of females. Hence, management of male dogs is most important because infected dogs can play a role as carriers.

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to establish humanized patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) using cord blood (CB) hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Additionally, we attempted to characterize the immune microenvironment of the humanized PDX model to understand the potential implications of altered tumorimmune interactions in the humanized PDX model on the behavior of TNBC cells. Methods: To establish a humanized mouse model, high-purity CD34+ HSCs from CB were transplanted into immunodeficient NOD scid γ mice. Peripheral and intratumoral immune cell compositions of humanized and non-humanized mice were compared. Additionally, RNA sequencing of the tumor tissues was performed to characterize the gene expression features associated with humanization. Results: After transplanting the CD34+ HSCs, CD45+ human immune cells appeared within five weeks. A humanized mouse model showed viable human immune cells in the peripheral blood, lymphoid organs, and in the tumor microenvironment. Humanized TNBC PDX models showed varying rates of tumor growth compared to that of non-humanized mice.RNA sequencing of the tumor tissue showed significant alterations in tumor tissues from the humanized models. tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11B (TNFRSF11B) is a shared downregulated gene in tumor tissues from humanized models. Silencing of TNFRSF11B in TNBC cell lines significantly reduced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. Additionally, TNFRSF11B silenced cells showed decreased tumorigenicity and metastatic capacity in vivo. Conclusion Humanized PDX models successfully recreated tumor-immune interactions in TNBC. TNFRSF11B, a commonly downregulated gene in humanized PDX models, may play a key role in tumor growth and metastasis. Differential tumor growth rates and gene expression patterns highlighted the complexities of the immune response in the tumor microenvironment of humanized PDX models.

In the present study, the outbreak patterns of bovine brucellosis in Korea from 2000 to 2011 were analyzed to understand the epidemiological evolution of this disease in the country. A total of 85,521 brucella reactor animals were identified during 14,215 outbreaks over the 12-year study period. The number of bovine brucellosis cases increased after 2003 and peaked in 2006 before decreasing thereafter. The majority of the bovine brucellosis cases were Korean native cattle, Han Woo. The numbers of human brucellosis cases and cattle outbreaks increased and decreased in the same pattern. The correlation coefficient for human and bovine cases per year was 0.96 (95% confidence interval = 0.86~0.99; p < 10(-3)). The epidemiological characteristics of bovine brucellosis appeared to be affected by the intensity of eradication programs that mainly involved a test-and-slaughter policy. Findings from the present study were based on freely available statistics from web pages maintained by government agencies. This unlimited access to information demonstrates the usefulness of government statistics for continually monitoring the health of animal populations.
Animals ; Brucellosis/epidemiology/virology ; Brucellosis, Bovine/*epidemiology/microbiology ; Cattle ; Disease Outbreaks/*veterinary ; Humans ; Republic of Korea

No abstract available.
Aged ; *Cardiac Catheterization/instrumentation ; Computed Tomography Angiography ; Coronary Angiography/methods ; Echocardiography, Doppler, Color ; Echocardiography, Transesophageal ; Female ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/diagnostic imaging/*therapy ; Humans ; Septal Occluder Device ; Treatment Outcome

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a rare, idiosyncratic and potentially lethal side effect that occurs patients receiving neuroleptic drugs. Characteristic sings and symtoms include muscle rigidity, fever, altered consciousness, and autonomic dysfuction. The most common serious complication is rhabdomyolysis, which produces acute myoglobiuric renal failure. We present a case of 32-year-old man in whom had NMS and acute renal failure after he had received a combination of chloropromazine and haloperidol. The patients recorvered after treatment by immediate hydration, diuretics and other conservative measure.
Acute Kidney Injury* ; Adult ; Antipsychotic Agents ; Consciousness ; Diuretics ; Fever ; Haloperidol ; Humans ; Muscle Rigidity ; Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome* ; Renal Insufficiency ; Rhabdomyolysis

In this study, we describe a case of epitheliogenesis imperfecta (EI) observed in the fetus of Korean native cattle. The fetus had multifocal areas of skin defect, especially on the distal portions of the four limbs, and the affected areas were bright-red and glistening. Histopathologically, these areas were characterized by complete absence of squamous epithelium, infiltration of inflammatory cells into the dermis, atrophy of hair follicles, sebaceous and sweat glands. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of epitheliogenesis imperfecta in Korean native cattle.
Animals ; Atrophy ; Cattle* ; Dermis ; Epithelium ; Extremities ; Fetus* ; Hair Follicle ; Skin ; Sweat Glands

Glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa inhibitors, such as abciximab, are used as adjunctive therapy for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in high-risk non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), although their effects when used for STEMI are less clear. As the use of GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors becomes more widespread, determining the risks associated with them becomes more important. The major risks associated with the use of GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors are the potential for major bleeding and thrombocytopenia. This is the first reported case in Korea of hemorrhagic pericarditis resulting in cardiac tamponade associated with the use of abciximab, a commonly used GP Ilb/IIa inhibitor, following PCI.
Aged ; Angioplasty, Transluminal, Percutaneous Coronary/*adverse effects ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/*adverse effects ; Anticoagulants/*adverse effects ; Cardiac Tamponade/*etiology/therapy ; Emergency Medical Services ; Hemorrhage/*etiology/therapy ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments/*adverse effects ; Korea ; Male ; Pericardiocentesis ; Pericarditis/*etiology/therapy ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/*adverse effects ; Risk Factors

Brucellosis is the most important bacterial disease of livestock in Bangladesh. The present study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of brucellosis in goat and sheep in Mymensingh and Bogra districts of Bangladesh using slow agglutination test and Rose Bengal test as screening test and indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay as confirmatory test. Questionnaire based data on age, gender, area, client's complaint, number of animals in herds, disease history, reproductive problems such as abnormal uterine discharge, abortion or previous abortion in sheep and goat and their reproductive diseases were recorded. A total of 200 sera samples were collected from 80 sheep and 120 goats. The prevalence of brucellosis in goat was 2.50% and 1.25% in sheep. Positive reactors were only detected in female of both goat and sheep. In this study, there existed a significant association among abortion and the prevalence of brucellosis (p < 0.01). The prevalence of brucellosis in sheep and goat in Bangladesh is not negligible, and it is therefore worth considering the adoption of preventive measures.
Abortion, Induced ; Adoption ; Agglutination Tests ; Animals ; Bangladesh ; Brucellosis ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Goats ; Humans ; Livestock ; Mass Screening ; Prevalence ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Reproductive History ; Rose Bengal ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Sheep

No abstract available.
Aneurysm* ; Atrial Appendage*