A total of 92 men with impotence underwent a trial of intracavernous injection of papaverine 30mg. Underlying causes of impotence were psychogenic (26 Pts.), posterior urethral injury (28 Pts.), spinal cord injury (15 Pts.), pelvic surgery (14 Pts.) and eldly (9 Pts.). The results were as follows 1. The underlying causes of impotence in papaverine responders were psychogenic 23 (88.5%), posterior urethral injury 19 (67.9%), spinal cord injury 13(86.7%), Pelvic surgery 5 (35.7%) and eldly 3 (33.3%). 2. Fourteen patients of the moderate papaverine responders underwent intracavernous injection of papaverine 30mg with phentolamine 1mg and 8 of them attained full erection. 3. After injection, the erection started in an average of 2.6 minutes, rigidity of penis attained in an average of 7.3 minutes, and erection status sustained for an average of 42.6 minutes in 60 patients. 4. Normal nocturnal penile tumescence monitoring (NPTM) or stamp test was found in 19 of 40 patient and 18 of them (94.7%) were papaverine responders, while 21 had an abnormal NPTM or stamp test and 11 of them were papaverine non-respoders. 5. A penile brachial index (PBI) of 0.6 or more was found in 62 of 73 patients and 53 of them(85.5 %) were papaverine responders, while 11 had an index of less then 0.6 and all of them were papaverine non-responders. 6. Thitry patients had sexual intercourse. Twenty-seven of them had a satisfactory result and 23 of them had ejaculation. 7. Papaverine induced prolonged erection occurred as major complicatiun in 4 patients after trial injection. Erection was subsided after intracavernous phenylepinephrine injection. There were minor complications such as ecchymosis at the injected site on the prepuce but subsided spontaneously in a few days. We conclude that intracavernous papaverine injectiun currently is a good screening technique for the differential diagnosis of severe vasculosenic impotence and is a useful chemical prosthesis of non-vasculogenic impotence.
Coitus ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Ecchymosis ; Ejaculation ; Erectile Dysfunction ; Humans ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Papaverine* ; Penile Erection ; Penis ; Phentolamine ; Prostheses and Implants ; Spinal Cord Injuries

Megaureter literally means a large ureter and is not used to denote a specific disease process. In this report a classification was proposed according to International pediatric urologic seminar in 1976. Seven cases of primary obstructive megaureter were presented with literature. This diagnosis excluded infravesical obstruction, reflux and neurogenic disorders. The results were as follows; 1. 6 cases were left, 1 case was bilateral. 2. The symptom of pyuria was observed in 2 cases, flank pain and pyuria were observed in 2 cases hematuria was observed in 2 cases, abdominal distention was observed in 1 cases. 3. Histologic findings showed inflammation of mucosa and submucosa in 3 cases, submucosal fibrosis and muscular hypertrophy in 2 cases and submucosal fibrosis and inflammation in 2 cases. 4. 6 cases were treated by Politano-Leadbetter ureteroneocystostomy and 1 case of them was tailored 1 case was treated by nephrourethrectomy. 5. Follow up study was performed in 5 cases of Politano-Leadbetter ureteroneocystostomy. 4 cases of them showed improved pyuria and hydroureteronephrosis.
Classification ; Diagnosis ; Fibrosis ; Flank Pain ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hematuria ; Hypertrophy ; Inflammation ; Mucous Membrane ; Pyuria ; Ureter

A concealed penis is a normally developed penis that becomes camouflaged by the suprapubic fat pad. This anomally can be congenital or iatrogenic following circumcision. A special variety of this disease is a retractile concealed penis with dysgenetic band of dartos fascia which produce recurrence not infrequently after operative correction by conventional method. We herein report 2 cases of concealed penis of which one case was a recurrent one and another was a case of severe degree with concomittent obesity where a new method for operative correction was applied.
Adipose Tissue ; Circumcision, Male ; Fascia ; Female ; Male ; Obesity ; Penis* ; Recurrence

Cavernous hemangioma is a benign vascular tumor composed primarily. large venous channel occuring in the deep dermis and subcutaneous tissues. A case of 21-year-old man with cavernous hemangioma of the scrotum is reported with review of the literature.
Dermis ; Hemangioma, Cavernous* ; Humans ; Scrotum* ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; Young Adult

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) in childhood is not common and the characteristics of the disease are different from those in adults. A 14-year-old boy was admitted to Pusan National University Hospital complaining of fever and right flank pain. An excretory ungraphy shows compressed pelvocalyceal system by extraluminal space occupying lesion in right kidney CT and ultrasonogram of the kidney shows relatively well marinated localized bulging mass on right posterior aspect and invading to the right posterior Gerota's fascia, psoas muscle and quadratus lumborum muscle. Right nephrectomy was performed under the suspicion of Wilms` tumor. Pathologic findings revealed XGP postoperatively. We report a case of focal XGP in a child with review of the literature.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Busan ; Child ; Fascia ; Fever ; Flank Pain ; Humans ; Kidney ; Male ; Nephrectomy ; Psoas Muscles ; Pyelonephritis, Xanthogranulomatous* ; Ultrasonography

Allergen-specific immunotherapy (SIT) reduces allergen specific IgE (sIgE) levels and achieves clinical and immunological tolerance by modulating innate and adaptive immunological responses. Increased temperature and CO2 concentrations caused by climate changes contribute to an increase of pollen count and allergenicity that influences clinical SIT outcomes. In this study, we investigated the changes of IgE binding components to tree and weed pollens in pollinosis patients who showed a paradoxical increase of serum sIgE level during pollen-SIT. We enrolled nine patients who showed an increasing pattern of serum sIgE level to alder, birch, ragweed and mugwort pollens by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay. IgE immunoblot analysis confirmed the intensification or new generation of major IgE binding components that could be induced by climate change. The findings suggest that the regular monitoring of sIgE levels and symptom changes is required to improve the clinical outcomes of SIT in patients undergoing SIT for tree and weed pollens.
Adult ; Climate Change ; *Desensitization, Immunologic ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E/*blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pollen/immunology ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/*therapy ; Skin Tests ; Young Adult

Continuous and simultaneous recording of nocturnal penile rigidity and tumescence is preferred than measuring tumescence alone to define the features of nocturnal penile erection and differentiate psychogenic from organic impotence. Rigiscan is suitable for this purpose. Authors studied to define the features of nocturnal penile erection by rigiscan in 24 normal Koreans and 18 patients with erectile dysfunction. The results were as follows : 1. In normal group, the number of normal erection was 4.2+/-0.9 times per night, duration was 21.1+/-7.4 minutes at tip and 26.3+/-9.8 minutes at base, tumescence change was 1.81+/-0.51 cm at tip and 2.23+/-0.72 cm at base, rigidity was 55.7+/-19.6 per cent at tip and 66.3+/-12.0 per cent at base. Maximal duration was 34.2+/-14.9 minutes at tip and 39.0+/-15.1 minutes at base, maximal tumescence change was 2.28+/-0.83 cm at tip and 2.64+/-0.78 cm at base, maximal rigidity was 65.4+/-11.8 per cent at tip and 75.8+/-12.5 per cent at base. The higher the age, the shorter the duration and number of events were(p<0.05). 2. In patient group, normal rigigram showed in 6 patients(3 of psychogenic, 3 of posterior urethral injury). Event and duration were shorter than normal group(p<0.05). The findings of flat trace or abnormal erection provide valuable information to screen the organic impotence.
Erectile Dysfunction ; Humans ; Male ; Penile Erection*

PURPOSE: Ragweed and mugwort pollens are the major weed allergens that cause pollinosis in Korea. The IgE-binding components to these 2 pollens and their cross-reactivity have not been reported in Korea, while several reports had been made in Western countries. We investigated IgE-binding components to ragweed and mugwort pollens and their allergenic relationship in patients sensitive to the 2 pollens. METHODS: We enrolled 33 allergic rhinitis patients with typical seasonal pollinosis symptoms in autumn and elevated serum specific IgE levels to ragweed and/or mugwort pollens (>10 kU/L by ImmunoCAP). The protein bands of the 2 pollen extracts were determined using sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and IgE immunoblot analysis was performed to determine the IgE-binding components of each pollen extract. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) inhibition and immunoblot inhibition tests were performed to evaluate the cross-reactivity between ragweed and mugwort pollen extracts. RESULTS: Eight IgE-binding components (9, 10, 11, 12, 27, 30, 38, and 80 kDa) were found in ragweed pollen extracts, of which 4 (38, 11, 27, and 80 kDa) were major IgE-binding components. Eight IgE-binding components (10, 14, 16, 20-24, 26-30, 42, 60-66, and 80-90 kDa) were found in mugwort pollen extracts, of which 2 components (26-30 and 20-24 kDa) were major IgE-binding components. No significant inhibitions were noted between ragweed and mugwort pollen extracts by the ELISA inhibition test. No significant changes were noted in IgE immunoblot inhibition analysis. CONCLUSION: We identified 4 major IgE-binding components (38, 11, 35, 27, and 80 kDa) in ragweed pollens and 2 major IgE-binding components (26-30 and 20-24 kDa) in mugwort pollens. No cross-reactivity was found between ragweed and mugwort pollens.
Allergens ; Ambrosia* ; Artemisia* ; Cross Reactions ; Electrophoresis ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E* ; Korea ; Pollen* ; Rhinitis ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal ; Seasons ; Sodium

PURPOSE: Pollinosis is one of the major allergic diseases caused by airborne pollens. Alder and birch pollens are the major sensitizing tree pollens in this country. The immunoglobulin E (IgE) reactivity to each pollen allergen is known to be variable according to the region. We determined the major IgE binding components of these tree pollens in sera of adult patients with allergic rhinitis. METHODS: Allergic rhinitis patients, of whom specific IgE level to birch and/or alder pollens (>10 kU/L by ImmunoCAP) were included. The protein bands of two pollen extracts were determined by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and their IgE-binding components were identified by IgE immunoblot analysis. The binding specificity and cross-reactivity between two pollens were evaluated by IgE enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) inhibition test. RESULTS: Six IgE binding components were found in birch pollens in which two (14 kDa and 17 kDa) were major components. Two IgE binding components were found in alder pollens in which the 17 kDa was a major component. The IgE binding component to the major allergen component of 17 kDa was observed in 90.3% of the study subjects sensitive to alder pollens and 72.7% of them sensitive to birch pollens. The ELISA inhibition tests showed significant inhibitions with additions of birch/alder pollen extracts. CONCLUSION: We identified two major IgE binding components (17 kDa and 14 kDa) from birch pollens and one component (17 kDa) from alder pollens. Significant cross reactivity was noted between these two pollens.
Adult ; Allergens ; Alnus ; Betula ; Cross Reactions ; Electrophoresis ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Immunoblotting ; Immunoglobulin E ; Immunoglobulins ; Pollen ; Rhinitis ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal ; Sodium

Seafood is one of the common causes of food allergies to adults. The sea hare Aplysia kurodai is a marine mollusk which belongs to invertebrate gastropod that has been consumed as a food in Korea. Cases of acute toxic hepatitis after ingestion of sea hares have been reported, but few cases of allergic reactions to sea hare have been reported in the literature. A 33-year-old man was referred to our Emergency Department due to urticaria and periorbital/perioral swelling after eating sea hares. Approximately 10 years ago, he experienced similar allergic reactions to it. Skin prick and intradermal tests showed strong positive responses to crude sea hare allergen extract. He was diagnosed with food allergy to sea hares. We herein report the first case of sea hare allergy after ingestion.
Adult ; Angioedema* ; Aplysia ; Drug-Induced Liver Injury ; Eating* ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Food Hypersensitivity ; Gastropoda ; Hares* ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Intradermal Tests ; Invertebrates ; Korea ; Mollusca ; Seafood ; Skin ; Urticaria*