5-Fluorouracil was used for the treated of 4 cases of carcinoma of the bladder along with electrocoagulation, X-ray radiation, Cobalt teletherapy and estrogen and its effectiveness was evaluated Further experience with this druy is necessary for detailed evaluation, though the cases reported herein seems to have responded to this chemotherapy to some extent.
Cobalt ; Drug Therapy ; Electrocoagulation ; Estrogens ; Fluorouracil* ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; Urinary Bladder*

Pars interarticularis fracture is a common finding in young soccer players with low back pain. Spondylolysis in young adults involves a defect of the pars interarticularis, occurring as a result of repeated hyperextension and rotation. Here, we describe the case of a 26-year-old male elite soccer player who was diagnosed with L3 spondylolysis 2 years previously. He visited Incheon Himchan Hospital again because of low back pain. Radiographs showed consecutive spondylolysis at the L3 and L4 levels. Physicians should be aware that repeated performance of athletic movements, such as those during soccer, might lead to consecutive levels of spondylolysis.
Adult ; Athletes ; Fractures, Stress ; Humans ; Incheon ; Low Back Pain ; Male ; Soccer* ; Spondylolysis* ; Sports ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Herpesvirus 3, Human* ; Korea*

The term 'orbital pseudotumor' has been used to describe inflammatory lesions of the orbital tissues of unknown etiology simulating in their clinical picture a neoplasm of the orbit. The term inflammatory pseudotumor of the orbit has a clinical rather than a pathological connotation. The clinical picture presented by inflammatory pseudotumor may resemble that of a true neoplasm in every way-there is proptosis which is irreducible, chemosis, swelling of the lid, limitation of mobility and frequently a discrete palpable mass. Usually recurrence has been Tare and several methods of treatment has been reported. A 48 year old Korean woman was found to have pseudotumor of her right orbit which was confirmed histopathologically on biopsy.
Biopsy ; Exophthalmos ; Female ; Granuloma, Plasma Cell ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Orbit* ; Orbital Pseudotumor* ; Recurrence

No abstract available.
Herpesvirus 3, Human* ; Korea*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the factors influencing the results for the treatment of the Schatzker type VI tibial plateau fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-two cases of the 21 patients in Schatzker type VI tibial plateau fractures were analyzed. Treatment results were analyzed according to the type of fracture (open vs closed), method of operative treatment, angulation more than 5 degree and status of infection. The functional results was evaluated by Hohl's functional criteria. Student t-test was used for the statistical analysis. RESULTS: Functional outcome demonstrated 5 excellent, 8 good, 6 fair and 3 poor results. There was no significant difference in the treatment results between type of fracture, method of operative treatment and status of infection. Among 9 cases with angular deformity of more than 5 degree, 2 showed excellent or good result and 7 showed fair or poor result (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between rate of postoperative infection and the mean period of the clinical bone union (p=0.66). CONCLUSION: Accurate anatomical reduction and rigid fixation is essential for the treatment of Schatzker type VI tibial plateau fractures for the prevention of the angular deformity. And early weight bearing exercise should be controlled for the prevention of loss of reduction and loss of alignment leading to angular deformity.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Humans ; Weight-Bearing

BACKGROUND: To investigate the efficacy of antiplatelet activity of low dose ticlopidine, we compared the antiplatelet effect of low dose ticlopidine with a high dose. METHODS: Fourteen healthy volunteers were divided into two series. Volunteers in series I were medicated ticlopidine 250 mg twice a day (group 1) for first 7 days. After drug free interval for another 7 days, single dose of ticlopidine 250 mg a day (group 2) was medicated for the third 7 days. Same medica-tion schedule was taken with different doses in series II, single dose of 250 mg ticlopidine (group 3) for the first 7 days, and divided dose of ticlopidine 250 mg a day (group 4) for the third 7 days after medication free interval of 7 days. Platelet aggregation effect was evaluated by optical method using ADP and collagen reagent at before and after the medication schedule. Differences of platelet aggregation effect between the four groups were analyzed. RESULTS: Five and 4 could accomplish the full medication schedule of two groups in each series. Mean of platelet aggregation effect of group 1 (44.4%) was more decreased than other groups, 61.2% in group 2, 71.0% in group 3, and 62.7% in group 4. However, there was no significant differences of platelet aggregation effect by nonparametric statistical analysis between group 1 and 2, 3 and 4 in each series. CONCLUSIONS: This finding suggests that single low dose ticlopidine may have the similar antiplatelet aggregation effect as the high dose one.
Adenosine Diphosphate ; Appointments and Schedules ; Collagen ; Healthy Volunteers ; Platelet Aggregation ; Ticlopidine* ; Volunteers

OBJECTIVE: To determine predicting factors associated with successful trials of labor in women attending vaginal birth after cesarean delivery. METHODS: A retrospective chart review from January 1998 through December 2001 of 330 patients (sucess group n=282, failure group n=48) undergoing trials of labor after cesarean delivery at Chonnam National University Hospital. Data were tested for statistical significance with the Student's t-test and the Chi-square test. RESULTS: The following characteristics were found to be statistically significant positive prognostic indicators: lower gestational age (274.0+/-20.6 vs. 281.1+/-7.9 days, p<0.01); higher gravity (1.3+/-0.5 vs. 1.0+/-0.2, p<0.01); higher maternal weight gain during pregnancy (3238+/-543 vs. 3458+/-497 gram, p<0.01); lower birth weight (7.8+/-2.7 vs. 6.6+/-2.5, p<0.01); history of prior trial of labor success (0.17 vs. 0.02, p<0.01), lower birth weight at prior cesarean section (3257+/-460 vs. 3838+/-411 gram, p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The characteristics associated with successful trials of labor after cesarean delivery-Bishop score at admission, history of prior vaginal delivery will provide information that may be helpful to the physician and the patient. Trial of labor (probability)=e(13.48+0.14Bishop score+1.06vaginal delivery history-0.001birth weight-0.259gestational age)/1+e(13.48+0.14Bishop score+1.06vaginal delivery history-0.001birth weight-0.259gestational age)
Birth Weight ; Cesarean Section ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Gravitation ; Humans ; Jeollanam-do ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies ; Trial of Labor* ; Vaginal Birth after Cesarean* ; Weight Gain

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the goal attainment rates for hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), blood pressure (BP), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: The subjects were 762 over 65 years old patients with type 2 diabetes taking a hypoglycemic agent. Data were collected by reviewing medical records and included general characteristics, biochemical tests, prescribed pharmacologic agents, and complications. RESULTS: The goal attainment rates (mean value) for HbA1c, BP, and LDL-C were 50.4% (7.3% ± 1.2%), 78.9% (126.0 ± 15.1/72.1 ± 10.0 mm Hg), and 60.6% (88.6 ± 29.9 mg/dL). Diabetes-related complications for retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, and cardio-cerebral vascular disease were 36.3%, 37.2%, 23.6%, and 31.9%, respectively. Life habit-related variables positively associated with goal attainment were not drinking alcohol and exercise for HbA1c, not smoking for BP and not drinking alcohol for LDL-C. Metabolic adjustment indicator-related significant variables for complications were HbA1c in retinopathy, BP in nephropathy, and LDL-C in cardio-cerebral disease. CONCLUSION: We found that goal attainment rates for parameters of metabolic adjustment were not high in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. Thus, diabetes educators should be concerned about metabolic adjustment indicators. Also, case management guidelines according to elderly patient health and functional status should be developed to help manage metabolic adjustment.
Aged* ; Blood Pressure ; Case Management ; Cholesterol ; Cholesterol, LDL ; Diabetes Complications ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Drinking ; Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated ; Humans ; Lipoproteins ; Medical Records ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Vascular Diseases

OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to investigate lipid peroxide levels, oxygen-radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and antioxidant vitamin levels in uterine venous plasma, umbilical venous and arterial plasma and to evaluate their roles in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia and effects of oxidative stress on fetus. METHODS: Samples of uterine venous plasma before and after delivery, umbilical venous and arterial plasma were collected from 18 normal and 16 preeclamptic women between 34 and 38 weeks gestation during Cesarean section. Lipid peroxide levels were measured by thiobarbituric acid reaction. The ORAC values were measured by Cao's method. Ascorbic acid, retinol, alpha-tocopherol, and gamma-tocopherol were measured by high performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS: 1. Lipid peroxide levels in uterine venous plasma before and after delivery of women with preeclampsia were significantly higher than that of women with normal pregnancy (5.56 +/- 0.57 vs. 3.48 +/- 0.29, p<0.01, 5.37 +/- 0.41 vs. 3.93 +/- 0.38 nmol/mg protein, p<0.01). 2. Lipid peroxide levels in umbilical venous and arterial plasma of women with preeclampsia were significantly higher than that of women with normal pregnancy (7.32 +/- 0.55 vs. 5.18 +/- 0.38, p<0.01, 8.21 +/- 0.81 vs. 5.14 +/- 0.39 nmol/mg protein, p<0.01). Lipid peroxide levels in umbilical arterial plasma were significantly higher than that of umbilical venous plasma of women with preeclampsia (8.21 +/- 0.81 vs. 7.32 +/- 0.55 nmol/mg protein, p<0.05). 3. The ORAC values in uterine venous plasma before delivery of women with preeclampsia were significantly lower than that of women with normal pregnancy (10993.8 +/- 622.2 vs. 12596.1 +/- 726.1 U/mL, p<0.05). 4. The ORAC values in umbilical venous plasma of women with preeclampsia were significantly lower than that of women with normal pregnancy (10515.1 +/- 683.4 vs. 12804.6 +/- 463.7 U/mL, p<0.05). 5. Ascorbic acid levels in uterine venous plasma before and after delivery of women with preeclampsia were significantly lower than that of women with normal pregnancy (419.2 +/- 64.6 vs. 551.4 +/- 57.6 nmol/mL, p<0.05, 398.1 +/- 45.2 vs. 450.8 +/- 33.6 nmol/mL, p<0.05). 6. Ascorbic acid levels in umbilical venous plasma of women with preeclampsia were significantly lower than that of women with normal pregnancy (401.8 +/- 47.8 vs. 561.4 +/- 53.1 nmol/mL p<0.05). Uric acid levels in umbilical venous plasma of women with preeclam psia were significantly higher than that of women with normal pregnancy (7789.2 +/- 551.7 vs. 6419.5 +/- 452.2 nmol/mL p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The above results suggest that increased oxidative stress in uteroplacental unit is involved in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia and ascorbic acid may act as an important preventive factor in the development of preeclampsia.
alpha-Tocopherol ; Antioxidants ; Ascorbic Acid ; Cesarean Section ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Female ; Fetal Blood ; Fetus ; gamma-Tocopherol ; Humans ; Oxidative Stress ; Plasma* ; Pre-Eclampsia* ; Pregnancy ; Uric Acid ; Vitamin A ; Vitamins*