No abstract available.
Muir-Torre Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Brain Stem* ; Classification* ; Hemorrhage*

No abstract available.
Prune Belly Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Prune Belly Syndrome*

We present a patient with spinal epidural arteriovenous fistula presented with subdural hematoma and progressive myelopathy. Transarterial embolization using NBCA results in complete obliteration of fistula without complication. The pathophysiology, angioarchitexture of the lesion and strategy for its cure would be discussed.
Arteriovenous Fistula* ; Fistula ; Hematoma, Subdural* ; Humans ; Spinal Cord Diseases ; Spine

The devices and methods of endovascular recanalization therapy (ERT) have been rapidly developed and changed since PROACT II trial. Emerging as a treatment option in addition to intravenous or intra-arterial thrombolysis, mechanical thrombectomy is currently being further developed and investigated as a potential first-line and stand-alone treatment. This review highlights and summarizes the recent clinical series and trials of the available devices and methods of ERT focusing on the multimodal approach.
Brain ; Cerebrovascular Disorders ; Endovascular Procedures ; Mechanical Thrombolysis ; Stroke ; Thrombectomy ; Thrombolytic Therapy

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of endovascular therapy as a primary treatment for spinal dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF). METHODS: The authors reviewed 18 patients with spinal DAVFs for whom endovascular therapy was considered as an initial treatment at a single institute between 1993 and 2006. NBCA embolization was considered the primary treatment of choice, with surgery reserved for patients in whom endovascular treatment failed. RESULTS: Surgery was performed as the primary treatment in one patient because the anterior spinal artery originated from the same arterial pedicle as the artery feeding the fistula. Embolization was used as the primary treatment modality in 17 patients, with an initial success rate of 82.4%. Two patients with incomplete embolization had to undergo surgery. One patient underwent multiple embolizations, which failed to completely occlude the fistula but relieved the patient's symptoms. Spinal DAVF recurred in two patients (one collateral development and one recanalization) during the follow-up period. The collateral development was obliterated by repeated embolization, but the patient with recanalization refused further treatment. The overall clinical status improved in 15 patients (83.3%) during the follow-up period. CONCLUSION: Endovascular therapy can be successfully used as a primary treatment for the majority of patients with spinal DAVFs. Although it is difficult to perform in some patients, endovascular embolization should be the primary treatment of choice for spinal DAVF.
Arteries ; Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; Fistula ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Spine

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Temporary soft relining materials are used in a diverse clinical situations such as tissue conditioner, relining material, functional impression by varying its viscoelasticity. However, reproduction of consistent viscoelasticity has been not possible. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Considering setting mechanism of this material, this study has measured the effect of varying amount of void in dynamic viscoelasticity of soft relining material, with three different mixing methods. In each methods 10 specimens were made and subjected to dynamic viscoelastic test which were measured at specific times over period of 72 hours. RESULTS: The analysis of the result shown that there was no statistically significant differences between different mixing methods. CONCLUSION: Different mixing methods had no effect over control of viscoelasticity of soft lining material. Further research is recommended for under similar oral environmental condition.
Reproduction

We present MR diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) findings of status epilepticus in two patients. DWI showed a focal or diffuse hyperintensity with decreased apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value, indicating cytotoxic edema in the cerebral hemispheric cortices. The hyperintensities were located in the bilateral temporoparietooccipital areas and insular cortex in one patient, and unilaterally in the temporal lobe in the other patient.
Diffusion ; Edema ; Humans ; Status Epilepticus* ; Temporal Lobe

PURPOSE: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD) is one of the most common childhood psychiatric diseases and nocturnal enuresis is also a common involuntary disorder, whose symptoms can appear more than 2-3 times per month even after the age of 5. The incidence of nocturnal enuresis is believed to be increasing in ADHD patients. This study investigates the effectiveness of desmopressin and imipramine in the treatment of nocturnal enuresis as well as on ADHD. METHODS: ADHD children of over five years of age displaying nocturnal enuresis were divided into three groups : Group 1, the placebo group; Group 2, the imipramine group; and Group 3, the desmopressin group. They were given their respective treatment agents for 12 weeks and were asked to record their daily urination routine. Their progress was observed two and four weeks after treatment and psychiatric evaluation was performed two weeks after treatment. RESULTS: One week after the start of treatment, the frequency of enuresis in group 3 dropped markedly, showing a much faster treatment response than group 2. Although group 1 showed no significant change in the ADHD index after treatment, groups 2 and 3 showed better ADHD conditions along with enuresis. CONCLUSION: The ADHD scale improved in the two groups whose nocturnal enuresis was successfully treated with imipramine and desmopressin in our study. This may provide evidence for the possibility of one common factor in the cause of ADHD and nocturnal enuresis. More studies on this possibility are required.
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity* ; Child* ; Deamino Arginine Vasopressin* ; Enuresis* ; Humans ; Imipramine* ; Incidence ; Nocturnal Enuresis ; Urination