PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify direct, mediating, and moderating relationships of mood disturbance, symptom experience, and attentional function in Korean women with breast cancer based upon a middle-range theory of unpleasant symptoms. METHODS: This study used a cross-sectional, correlational design. A convenience sample of 125 women receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer was recruited from a university hospital in South Korea. The women completed questionnaires on mood disturbance, symptom experience, and attentional function using the Linear Analogue Self-Assessment Scale, the Symptom Experience Scale, and the Attentional Function Index, respectively. RESULTS: Each mood disturbance and symptom experience showed a significant relationship with attentional function. Symptom experience did not act as a mediator between mood disturbance and attentional function, but it did act as a moderator: patients with a higher level of mood disturbance exhibited a lower level of attentional function when their symptoms were at the level of medium, but not when their symptoms were either high or low. CONCLUSION: This suggests that clinical interventions for attenuating the influence of mood disturbance on attentional function may be effective only in women experiencing medium level of symptoms.
Regression Analysis ; Psychological Theory ; Multivariate Analysis ; Mood Disorders/etiology/*psychology ; Middle Aged ; Korea ; Humans ; Female ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Breast Neoplasms/*complications/drug therapy/*psychology ; *Attention ; Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects ; Aged ; Adult