No abstract available.
Humans ; Mood Disorders*

No abstract available.
Brain* ; Mood Disorders*

No abstract available.
Mood Disorders* ; Temporal Lobe*

No abstract available.
Mood Disorders* ; Temporal Lobe*

Many disorders in neuropsychiatric field demonstrate variable motor disturbances as their clinical feature or in their courses of illness and also due to psychopharmacological treatment. Although association of such motor disturbances with the pathophysiological aspect of various neuropsychiatric illness are still lacking, some form of motor disturbance offer a window though which pathophysiologic mechanism of such illness can be viewed. Cognitive control of motor functions are briefly reviewed in this article and the importance and method of motor function assessment in major neuropsychiatric disorders are also discussed. Motor dysfunction of major neuropsychiatric illness such as schizophrenia and mood disorders may offer a chance of a deeper understanding on the pathophysiologic aspect of their clinical presentation.
Mood Disorders ; Schizophrenia*

No abstract available.
Mood Disorders* ; Risperidone*

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among circadian typology, bipolarity and life satisfaction of university students. METHODS: A total 1232 participants completed questionnaires, which included Composite Scale of Morningness (CSM), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ). Statistical analyses were done using correlation analysis, and analysis of covariance. RESULTS: The CSM score was positively associated with SWLS score (r = 0.232 ; p < 0.001). The morningness group has higher life satisfaction than the eveningness group (p < 0.001). The eveningness group has higher bipolarity than the morningness group (p < 0.001). The CSM score was negatively associated with MDQ score (r = -0.128 ; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Bipolarity and life satisfaction were associated with circadian typology. Morningness was the important determinant of life satisfaction and bipolarity.
Humans ; Mood Disorders

OBJECTIVE: The freezing response in rats has been used widely as an index of fear in threatening or stressful situations. Considering its importance in basic studies of affective disorders and in drug testing, it is necessary to develop a reliable, automated system for measuring the freezing response accurately. METHODS: We developed the Vision-Based Analysis for Freezing (V-BAFF) system to analyze the freezing response in rats, based on several image-processing modules and motion classification schemes generated from our own experience. We compared the performance of V-BAFF with that of experienced human observers. RESULTS: The level of freezing measured with V-BAFF was highly correlated with that measured by human observers. CONCLUSION: We demonstrated that V-BAFF could yield a bias-free, accurate, and efficient measurement of freezing in rats.
Animals ; Freezing ; Humans ; Mood Disorders ; Rats

Lithium is commonly used for the treatment of bipolar affective disorders. Lithium therapy has a narrow therapeutic window, which can lead to various neurologic, cardiovascular, and renal side effects. Dialysis is recommended for the treatment of severe lithium toxicity, but conventional hemodialysis can cause post-dialysis rebound of serum lithium level. We report a case of lithium intoxication in which continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF) was successfully used in reducing toxicity. CVVHDF provides excellent lithium clearance, and prevents post-therapy lithium rebound by allowing a progressive removal of intracellular lithium. It could become a modality of choice for lithium intoxication.
Dialysis ; Hemodiafiltration* ; Lithium* ; Mood Disorders ; Renal Dialysis

In this brief overview, the author addresses the elements of late-life depression from a biological standpoint. The etiology of late-life depression is undoubtedly multifactorial. Few studies of the neurochemistry and neuropathology of depression in the elderly have yielded robust results. Even fewer studies suggest the presence of a trait-dependent marker for the geriatric depression. A key difficulty is the current inability to determine whether alleged markers are crucial to the genesis of the disorder or whether they are merely epiphenomena.
Aged ; Biology ; Depression ; Humans ; Mood Disorders* ; Neurochemistry