BACKGROUND: Tinea faciale usually has been classified as tinea corgoris. Recently it has often been classified as a seperate disease recently because of its various clinicel pesentations. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to evaluate the clinical characteristics and mycological findings of tinea faciale, METHODS: Clinieal and mycological study was done with 42 eases of tinea faciale among out-patients examined for eight years from January 1985 to December 1992 at Yeungnam University Hospital, Taegu, Korea. RESULTS & CONCLUSION: 1. The average of annual distribution of patients was five and there a as no significant difference according to year. The age distribution of patients was highest under age 10(33.4%). The ratio of male to female patient was 3.1: 1. Monthly or seasonal distribution if patients was not significantly different. 2. Of 42 cases, causative organisms were isolated in 31 cases. They are Trichophyton(T.) rubrum in 19 cases (61.3%), Microsporum(M.) canis in 6 cases (19.4%), T. mentcgrophytes in 5 cases (16.1%) and M. gypseum in 1 case(3.7%) in tbe order of decreasing frequncd M. canis was the main causative organisrn in children under age 10. In the age group after 10, T. rubrum was predominated. T. rubrum infection was most frequently seen in spring, T. mentagrphates infection was seen more in winter and M. canis infectior in autumn. 3. Classic annular types were seen most frequently in the cases caused by T. rubrum and T. mentagrophytes. Papular types were seen most commonly in the case caused by M. canis. Multiple facial lesions were seen in T. rubrum infection (2 cases) and Of canis infection (1 case). Tinea faciale simulated several other dermatoses. These were contact, dermatitis, lupus erythematosus, photosensitive dermatosis, rosacea, granuloma annulare and acne. Of these, tinea faciale simulated contact dermatitis most frequently. Coexisting fungal infections were found in 7 patients and tinea corporis was most frequently present. Topical antifungsl agent was tried alone in 22 cases, and topical and systemic antifungal agent were combined in 20 cases.
Acne Vulgaris ; Age Distribution ; Child ; Daegu ; Dermatitis ; Dermatitis, Contact ; Female ; Granuloma Annulare ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Outpatients ; Rosacea ; Seasons ; Skin Diseases ; Tinea*

BACKGROUND: Tinea faciale usually has been classified as tinea corgoris. Recently it has often been classified as a seperate disease recently because of its various clinicel pesentations. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to evaluate the clinical characteristics and mycological findings of tinea faciale, METHODS: Clinieal and mycological study was done with 42 eases of tinea faciale among out-patients examined for eight years from January 1985 to December 1992 at Yeungnam University Hospital, Taegu, Korea. RESULTS & CONCLUSION: 1. The average of annual distribution of patients was five and there a as no significant difference according to year. The age distribution of patients was highest under age 10(33.4%). The ratio of male to female patient was 3.1: 1. Monthly or seasonal distribution if patients was not significantly different. 2. Of 42 cases, causative organisms were isolated in 31 cases. They are Trichophyton(T.) rubrum in 19 cases (61.3%), Microsporum(M.) canis in 6 cases (19.4%), T. mentcgrophytes in 5 cases (16.1%) and M. gypseum in 1 case(3.7%) in tbe order of decreasing frequncd M. canis was the main causative organisrn in children under age 10. In the age group after 10, T. rubrum was predominated. T. rubrum infection was most frequently seen in spring, T. mentagrphates infection was seen more in winter and M. canis infectior in autumn. 3. Classic annular types were seen most frequently in the cases caused by T. rubrum and T. mentagrophytes. Papular types were seen most commonly in the case caused by M. canis. Multiple facial lesions were seen in T. rubrum infection (2 cases) and Of canis infection (1 case). Tinea faciale simulated several other dermatoses. These were contact, dermatitis, lupus erythematosus, photosensitive dermatosis, rosacea, granuloma annulare and acne. Of these, tinea faciale simulated contact dermatitis most frequently. Coexisting fungal infections were found in 7 patients and tinea corporis was most frequently present. Topical antifungsl agent was tried alone in 22 cases, and topical and systemic antifungal agent were combined in 20 cases.
Acne Vulgaris ; Age Distribution ; Child ; Daegu ; Dermatitis ; Dermatitis, Contact ; Female ; Granuloma Annulare ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Outpatients ; Rosacea ; Seasons ; Skin Diseases ; Tinea*

The incidence of the cutaneous tuberculosis has shown a steady decline over the past decades. This parallels the decreasing incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis. We experienced 5 cases of cutaneous tuberculosis from January 1990 to February 1991. We present herein 4 cases of cutaneous tuberculosis. They were 3 cases of vulgaris and 1 case of tuberculosis verrucosa cutis. Mantoux tests were done except one case and were reactive in all cases. Culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis were done but Mycobacterium tuberculosis were not cultivated in the all cases. Histopathological findings showed tuberculoid granulomas in the dermis except one case and no acid fast bacilli were demonstrated on AFB stains.
Coloring Agents ; Dermis ; Granuloma ; Incidence ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Cutaneous* ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

Various susceptibility tests have been used to determine minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) of dermatophytes. They have limitations to apply practically because they need long time to determine MiC. Authors examined MIC of T. rubrum to ketoconazole and itraconazole using 96- well microplate and 24-well macroplate by method of Granade and Artis and tried to check the possibility of this method on clinical application. Nine strains of T. rubrum from patients with dermatophytosis were used. Evaluations of the factors affecting MIC were also tried. The results as follows. 1. Effect of inoculation density on determination time and MIC: Determination of MIC were possible in 4th days after inoculation at higher inoculation density (aborbance 2.0, 1.0) compared to 6th days at lower inoculation density (absorbance 0.5, 0.25). 2. Effect of incubation temperature on MIC: When incubating at 37℃, MIC were below 0.006-0.04µg/ml to ketoconazole and below 0.006-0.04µg/ml to itraconazole while at 25℃ 0.08-5.68µ8/ml to ketoconazole and 0.006-0.71µg/ml to itraconazole. Significant reduction of MIC was observed at 37℃ compared to 25℃. 3. Effect of container size on determination time and MIC: When incubating in 96–well microplate and 24-well macroplate, determination of MIC was possible in 4th to 6th days after inoculation in broth-containig 96-well microplate compared to 8th to 12th days in broth-containing 24-well macroplate. But no difference in MIC was observed between different container size. 4. Effect of media on MIC: When using broth as media, MIC were below 0.006-5.68µg/ml to ketoconazole, below 0.006-0.36µg/ml to itraconazole in broth-containg 24-well macroplate. When using agar as media, MIC were below 0.006-5.68 µg/ml to ketoconazole, below 0.006-5.68 µg/ ml to itraconazole in agar-containing 24-well macroplate. 5. These findings confirm that determination of MIC of dermatophtes by method of Granade and Artis is fast and simple technique for antifungal susceptibility test.
Agar ; Arthrodermataceae ; Humans ; Itraconazole ; Ketoconazole ; Methods* ; Tinea ; Trichophyton*

Myoglobin has been shown to be elevated in the serum after myocardial infarction. Myoglobin is one of the first to appear in the serum and its quantification may thus be used in the diagnosis of the early phase of acute myocardial infarction. The purpose of this study was to clarify the time course of myoglobin elevation in the early phase of acute myocardial infarction. We compared this with the time course of serum CPK and obtained following results: 1) Serum myoglobin becomes significantly elevated at 4 hours following onset of chest pain and apears earlier than CPK. 2) Serum myoglobin time curve peaks at 8 hours, whereas the CPK time surve peaks at 16 hours following onset of chest pain. 3) Mearsurement of serum myoglobin in the early phase of acute myocardial infarction can serve as valuable aid in diagnosis of myocardial infarction with other findings.
Chest Pain ; Diagnosis ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Myoglobin*

A clinically rare case of recurrent meningioma of the orbit of 30 years old male is reported. The right eye invaded with fibroblastic meningioma was enucleated in association of resection of tumor mass ten years ago. The second surgery of socket reconstruction for the palpebral and conjunctival atrophy was performed eight years later. An experience of orbital exenteration to a complete removal of walnut sized firm and palpable mass recurred in the orbital socket with successful result after the histo-pathological examination was described.
Adult ; Atrophy ; Fibroblasts ; Humans ; Juglans ; Male ; Meningioma* ; Orbit

Pilomatrixoma, a rare benign tumor which consists of basophils and shadow cells, has not been reported in Korea. It originates from a hair follicle and occurs commonly on eyelids and the eyebrow in children and young adults. We expoerienced a 7 year-old male who had a progressive growing palpable mass on the upper eyelid. The systemic steroid was administrated under the impression of hemangioma, but there was no effect. So, the mass was exploratorily excised and confirmed as pilomatrixoma by pathologic examinations. We present a case of pilomatrixoma on the upper eyelid in a child.
Basophils ; Child ; Eyebrows ; Eyelids* ; Hair Follicle ; Hemangioma ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Pilomatrixoma* ; Young Adult

The pathogenesis of lupus er thematosus(LE) appears to be multifactorial, including genetic, hormonal and environmental influences. Genetic factors have long been suspected to an important role in its pathogenesis. This was been shown in family studies and twin studies. We report a family in which mother developed SLE and son developed DLE. The mother, 35 year old female, had hyperpigmcnted brownish macules and atrophic scars on the face and also complained of fever, chill and arthralgia for 2 years. The clinical, laboratory and histopathological findings showed characteristic features of systemic lupus erythematosus. she had been treated with systemic prednisolone, hydrcxychloroquin sulfate and topical corticosteroid ointment for about 4 years resulting favorable improvement skin lesions. Laboratory studies during her course had demonstrated persist leukopenia, peckled pattern ANA and VDRL positive. The son, 10-year-old, had peasized, multiple erythematous papules and plaques on the face and arms for 2 months. The lirical, laboratory and histopathological findings showed characteristic features of discoid lupus erythematosus. He was treated with systernic prednisolone for 2 years, hydroxychloroquin sulfate and topical corticosteroid ointment for abcut 4 years resulting nearly all clearing of skin lesions with slighthly hyperpigmentation. Laboratory studies during his course had demonstrated only weakly ANA positive.
Adult ; Arm ; Arthralgia ; Child ; Cicatrix ; Female ; Fever ; Humans ; Hyperpigmentation ; Leukopenia ; Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; Mothers* ; Naphazoline ; Prednisolone ; Skin

A case or right occipital lobe infarction initially detected by the visual field examination and confirmed with the computerized tomography is presented. Reduction of significance of visual field test for identification of intracranial lesion as, the initial diagnostic procedure after the orientation of computerized tomography is unlikely. An occipital lobe lesion developed following posterior cerebral artery thrombosis has introd uced silgnificant ophthalmic symptom, namey, visual field defect, diplopia, ipsilateral ocular pain, visual hallucination, photophobia, and Anton's syndrom, etc. A characteristic feature of left homonymous hemianopsia with macular sparing due to right posterior cerebral artery thromb osis is demonstrated.
Diplopia ; Hallucinations ; Hemianopsia ; Infarction* ; Occipital Lobe* ; Photophobia ; Posterior Cerebral Artery ; Thrombosis ; Visual Field Tests ; Visual Fields

The autorefractometer alone without subjective refinement cannot be substituted for conventional complete refracting methods with subjective refinement. The auto refractometer can be used as a substitute for retinoscopy in determining the starting point for a subjective refraction. In this study, authors observed the prevalence, type, and degree of refractive errors in 409 eyes with normal visual acuity(20/20 or more). The results were as follows: 1. The autorefractometer tended to be on the minus side that is, overestimating myopia and understimating hyperopia-in all groups. 2. In objective refraction, 247 of 409 eyes with normal visual acuity had refractive error such as simple myopia(52 eyes), simple myopic astigmatism(122 eyes), compound myopic astigmatism (29 eyes), mixed astigmatism(39 eyes), and hyperopia(5 eyes). 3. In objective refraction, visual acuity was decreased with convex lens in hyperopia, mixed astigmatism and compound astigmatism were changed into simple myopic astigmatism. 4. Degree of astigmatism were less than 0.5 diopter in majority(92.8%). 5. In subjective refraction, 97 of 190 eyes were represented as simple myopic astigmatism, while 93 of 190 were normal, 63 of 97 astigmatism were "with the rule" and 34 of 97 astigmatism were "against the rule."
Astigmatism ; Humans ; Hyperopia ; Myopia ; Prevalence ; Refractive Errors ; Retinoscopy ; Visual Acuity* ; Young Adult*