We report a case of primary adenocarcinoma of the urethra in 62 years old female. Primary carcinoma of the female urethra is an uncommon malignancy that accounts for less than 0.02 per cent of all cancers occurring in women. Adenocarcinoma is rare in the literature. Whereas squamous cell carcinoma and transitional cell carcinoma, which comprise the majority of urethral malignancies, arise form the squamous or epithelial cells lining the urethra, adenocarcinoma arises form the periurethral glands.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; Epithelial Cells ; Female* ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Urethra*

As a adjuvant, 99m Tc-IDA complex cholescintigraphy has been used to differentiate the causes of jaundice,hepatocellular jaundice from the obstructive jaundice. So we conducted the retrospective study from the 41 casesof cholescintigraphy from the Mar, 83 to Sept. 84 at the Dept. of radiology in the Sonnchyunhyang university todetermine the etiology and differential points in the diagnosing the Jaundice. The following results wereobtainend; 1. As a 1st-ordered parameter, the leading edge hepatic parenchymal transit time was very significant in differentiating the causes of jaundice, among the hepatocellular jaundice, obstructive jaundice due to tumor,and obstructive jaundice due to cholelithiasis. (P<0.01 by X2-test) 2. As a 2nd-ordered parameter, hepaticclearance was very significant in differentiating the hepatocellular jaundice from the jaundice due to partialbiliary obstruction. (P>0.01 by t-test) 3. The difference in hepatic clearance between the biliary obstruction dueto tumor and that of the cholelithiasis, was not significant. (P>0.05 by X2-test) 4. The difference in bile ductdilatation among the hepatocellular jaundice obstructive jaundice due to tumor, and obstructive jaundice due tocholelithiasis, was singnificant in differentiating the causes of jaundice. (P<0.05 by X2-test) 5. Intrahepaticstone showed scintigraphic pooling with partial stasis. 6. Cholescintigraphy was useful to differentiated the Rotor's syndrome from the Dubin-Johnson syndrome, supplying the additional criteria.
Bile ; Cholelithiasis ; Jaundice ; Jaundice, Chronic Idiopathic ; Jaundice, Obstructive ; Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.

Chromoblastomycosis is a chronic subcutaneous mycotic infections caused by dermatiaceous fungi. Clinically, chromoblastomycosis presents frequently with erythematous or nodular plaque. In Korea, 10 cases of chromoblastomycosis have been reported and Fonsecaea pedrosoi is the most common agent. A 61-year-old woman who was diagnosed as chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy 3 years ago, and had been treated with systemic corticosteroids and azathioprine, presented with pruritic, scaly erythematous plaques on the right forearm for 3 years. She had no history of trauma. Histological examination showed pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia, mixed granulomatous inflammatory cell infiltrate and multinucleated giant cells with sclerotic cells in the dermis. Tissue culture showed slowly growing, dark brown, velvety colony. DNA was extracted from the cultured colonies and the DNA sequence of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the clinical sample was matched for that of Fonsecaea monophora. The patient was treated with local heat therapy and topical terbinafine application.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Azathioprine ; Base Sequence ; Chromoblastomycosis* ; Dermis ; DNA ; Female ; Forearm ; Fungi ; Giant Cells ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Korea ; Middle Aged ; Polyneuropathies

To estimate the incidence of uterine cervix cancer among Korean women, we have conducted a study using the claim data on the beneficiaries of Korea Medical Insurance Corporation(KMIC). All medical records of the potential cases with diagnosis of ICD-9 180, 181, 182, 199, 219, 233 in the claims sent by medical care institutions in the whole country to the KMIC from January 1988 to December 1989, were abstracted and Gynecology specialist reviewed the records to identify the new cases of uterine cervix cancer among the potential cases during the corresponding period. Using these data, the incidence of uterine cervix cancer among Korean women was estimated as of July 1, 1988 to June 30, 1989. The crude rate was estimated to be 17.34(95% CI: 16.76~17.92) per 100,000 and the cumulative rates for the ages 0~64 and 0~74 were 1.7% and 2.2%, respectively. The age-adjusted rate for the world population was 19.93 per 100,000 which was higher than those of other Asian countries including China and Japan in 1983~1987. The truncated rate for ages 35~64 was 52.05 per 100,000 which was one of the highest in the world. With increasing age, the incidence rate increased to 78.11 per 100,000 in women aged 55~59 years, then it decreased in the older groups. This finding suggests that detecting rate of uterine cervix cancer may decrease in women aged 60 years or older due to detecting rate of uterine cervix cancer may decrease in women aged 60 years or older due to inadequate medical care seeking behavior. In the geographical area, the SIR of Jeju province was significantly low but it might be due to statistical unstability by small case numbers.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Cervix Uteri* ; China ; Diagnosis ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Insurance ; International Classification of Diseases ; Japan ; Korea ; Medical Records ; Specialization

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective clinical study. OBJECTIVES: To determine and compare the therapeutic effectiveness of selective nerve root block performed for single-segment spinal stenosis and disc herniation. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: The usefulness of selective nerve root block has been reported in several previous studies, but those results were aggregated across many diseases, making it difficult to estimate its effectiveness for each disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 2008 to January 2013, among patients who had undergone selective nerve root block, those who were diagnosed with single-segment spinal stenosis or disc herniation were enrolled in this study. Among a total of 103 patients, 47 spinal stenosis patients were classified as group 1, and 56 disc herniation patients as group 2. Visual analog scale (VAS) scores and Kim's criteria were used to compare the reductions in radiating pain in each group. RESULTS: In group 1, the VAS scores improved from 7.6 before the procedure to 2.6 and 3.3 at 1-month and 6-month follow-up visits, respectively. Kim's criteria also improved from a mean of 1.6 before the procedure to 2.9 at the 6-month follow-up. In group 2, the VAS scores improved from 7.8 before the procedure to 2.1 and 2.7 at 1-month and 6-month follow-up visits, respectively. Kim's criteria also improved from a mean of 1.8 before the procedure to 3.2 at the 6-month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Radiating pain in the lower limb due to spinal stenosis or disc herniation limited to a single segment was effectively controlled by selective nerve root block.
Clinical Study ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Stenosis* ; Visual Analog Scale

It is well known that the pulmonary capillary endothelium is rich in angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE), which is released in the event of smoking, acute lung injury, or some lung diseases such as Gauchers disease and hypertension. Serum ACE levels may be clinically useful because they are reflections of pulmonary circulation. In order to evaluate the effect of extracorporeal circulation and pulmonary perfusion on serum ACE levels, we measured serum ACE level during prebypass, total bypass(5', 30', 60') and pulmonary perfusion (30', 60', 24 hrs.) in 10 open-heart patients. The results were as follows: 1) The SACE level before the begining of extracorporeal circulation was 10.03+/-1.66u/ml and decreased significantly to 2.79+/-0.63u/ml(p<0.005) 5min. after extracorporeal circulation was initiated. 2) The decreased SACE level seen during extracorporeal circulation returned to a nearly normal (9.33+/-1.8u/ml) 24hrs. after pulmonary perfusion. 3) There were no significant correlations between the SACE level and the variation of age during extracorporeal circulation and pulmonary perfusion. The above results suggest that SACE levels are proportional to the amount of pulmonary blood flow.
Acute Lung Injury ; Angiotensins* ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Endothelium, Vascular ; Extracorporeal Circulation* ; Gaucher Disease ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Lung Diseases ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A* ; Perfusion ; Pulmonary Circulation ; Smoke ; Smoking

BACKGROUND: Smaller guiding catheter had a problem with poor backup support during the transradial coronary intervention which resulted in higher failure rate. This study sought to prove the usefulness of deep seating technique which improves the backup support of the guiding catheter required to deliver interventional materials during the transradial coronary intervention. METHODS: Thirthy-five patients(23 males) were included in this study since March 1998 to August 1999. Clinical presentation of these patients were stable angina(7 patients), unstable angina(17 patients), acute myocardial infarction(11 cases). The mean age was 68+/-8 years. The treated vessel was left anterior descending artery in 22, left circumflex artery in 2 and right coronary artery in 11 of 35 vessels. RESULT: Twenty-six lesions were treated with stents, 3 with PTCA, and 6 with rotablator. Procedural success were achieved in 33 out of 35 cases(94%). Guiding catheters were used mostly with 6 Fr(30/35). In the left coronary system, usual Judkins left type was used in most of the patients(24/26, 92%), and in right coronary Judkins, Amplatz and multipurpose catheters were used similiarly. Hypotension and sinus bradycardia was encountered in one case without clinical significance and there was no dissection in all patients. CONCLUSION: Deep seating technique is a safe and effective technique without major adverse event during the transradial coronary intervention in selected cases.
Arteries ; Bradycardia ; Catheters ; Coronary Vessels ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Stents

BACKGROUND: Smaller guiding catheter had a problem with poor backup support during the transradial coronary intervention which resulted in higher failure rate. This study sought to prove the usefulness of deep seating technique which improves the backup support of the guiding catheter required to deliver interventional materials during the transradial coronary intervention. METHODS: Thirthy-five patients(23 males) were included in this study since March 1998 to August 1999. Clinical presentation of these patients were stable angina(7 patients), unstable angina(17 patients), acute myocardial infarction(11 cases). The mean age was 68+/-8 years. The treated vessel was left anterior descending artery in 22, left circumflex artery in 2 and right coronary artery in 11 of 35 vessels. RESULT: Twenty-six lesions were treated with stents, 3 with PTCA, and 6 with rotablator. Procedural success were achieved in 33 out of 35 cases(94%). Guiding catheters were used mostly with 6 Fr(30/35). In the left coronary system, usual Judkins left type was used in most of the patients(24/26, 92%), and in right coronary Judkins, Amplatz and multipurpose catheters were used similiarly. Hypotension and sinus bradycardia was encountered in one case without clinical significance and there was no dissection in all patients. CONCLUSION: Deep seating technique is a safe and effective technique without major adverse event during the transradial coronary intervention in selected cases.
Arteries ; Bradycardia ; Catheters ; Coronary Vessels ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Stents

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality and accuracy of information on the Web about scoliosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five search engines were selected and the key word "scoliosis" was entered. 25 web site were chosen. Each Web site was evaluated for the type, quality, accuracy of Web site. Web site type was classified as academic, commercial, physician, nonphysician. Web site quality was evaluated according to scoliosis specific content using 32 disease specific key words. The accuracy was evaluated by three board certified orthopaedic surgeons. One point was given when we agreed with less than 25% of the information and four points were given when we agreed with greater than 75%. RESULTS: 25 Web sites were evaluated, 20% were academic, 64% were physician based. The quality score for academic was 13.4, physician 8.2. The accuracy score for academic was 10.6, physician 6.9. CONCLUSION: The internet information about scoliosis is limited for quality and information value. The majority of the Web sites were physician site but the quality and accuracy score were poor. The lowest scoring Web sites were physician sites. The public and medical association need to be aware of the limitation of the Web site. The guide line and certification for the Web site about scoliosis should be established.
Certification ; Internet ; Scoliosis ; Search Engine