No abstract available.
Humans ; Insulin Resistance* ; Insulin*

No abstract available.
46, XY Disorders of Sex Development* ; Humans ; Male*

No abstract available.
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Calcium ; Glucose ; Insulin ; Magnesium ; Pancreas ; Rats

A 37-year-old male patient was transferred from a local orthopedic clinic due to status epilepticus following a myelography with diatrizoate. On his laboratory findings, metabolic acidosis was prominent. Non-enhanced brain CT scan showed a high densinty in the subarchnoid space. With careful respiratory support, hydration, correction of acid-base balance, administration of dexamethasone, and anticonvulsant therapy, he completely recovered after 3 days. Diatrizoate is an ionic, iodinated and hyperosmolar X-ray contrast medium. It must not be injected intrathecally because of the risk to the central nervous system. The possible mechanisms are anaphylactic reaction due to iodine hypersensitivity, hyperosmolar effect, and direct chemotoxicity by ionicity and chemical structure itself.
Acid-Base Equilibrium ; Acidosis ; Adult ; Anaphylaxis ; Brain ; Central Nervous System ; Dexamethasone ; Diatrizoate* ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Injections, Spinal ; Iodine ; Male ; Myelography ; Orthopedics ; Status Epilepticus* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Langerhans'cell histiocytosis[LCH], or histiocytosis X, is an uncommon multisystemic disorder of unknown etiology, which is characterized by accumulation of histiocytes in various tissues including orbit. We have recently experienced 4 cases of orbital LCH presenting with exophthalmos. Four patients[3 children and 1 adult]presented with exophthalmos that progressed over 2 to 3 weeks and were found to have orbital mass on ocular examination and orbital CT scan. Two children had concomitant hepatomegaly. Orbital CT scan showed a soft tissue mass with destruction of adjacent bones. Microscopic examination of the orbital mass showed a collection of Langerhans 'cells intermixed with eosinophils and other inflammatory cells. In two cases, immunohistochemistry revealed positive staining for S-100 protein. In three cases, a definite diagnosis was made by detection of Birbeck's granules by electron microscopy. Three children received chemotherapy and one adult had mass excision. The mass markedly decreased in size or nearly disappeared in all patients, and no recurrence has been noted for more than 9 months of follow-up.
Adult ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Eosinophils ; Exophthalmos ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatomegaly ; Histiocytes ; Histiocytosis* ; Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Microscopy, Electron ; Orbit* ; Recurrence ; S100 Proteins ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Background: Tinea capitis in adults has been increasing recently. Nevertheless, studies related to difference in tinea capitis between adults and children in Korea are scarce. Objective: To investigate the clinical and mycological features of tinea capitis in adults and children. Methods: The medical records of 60 adult and 58 pediatric patients with tinea capitis during a 24-year period were retrospectively examined. Results: The proportion of adult patients among all patients with tinea capitis had increased from 32.3% between 1999 and 2010 to 57.5% between 2011 and 2022 (p=0.016). The proportion of postmenopausal women among all adult patients with tinea capitis was 70.0%. Among those aged <50 years, the incidence rate ratio in males to that in females was 2:1. However, among those aged ≥50 years, the incidence rate ratio in males to that in females was 1:4.7, indicating a higher incidence in females (p=0.005). Microsporum canis was the most common etiological agent (48.8%), followed by Trichophyton rubrum (36.6%). M. canis was the most prevalent dermatophyte in adults (48.8%) and children (85.0%). However, the proportion of dermatophytes other than M. canis was higher in adults (51.2%) than in children (15.0%) (p＜0.001). Conclusion Tinea capitis in adults has increased, particularly in postmenopausal women. M. canis was the most prevalent dermatophyte; however, the prevalence of other species, notably T. rubrum, was higher in adults compared with that in children. These findings are expected to offer valuable insights for the early diagnosis and treatment of tinea capitis in adults.

BACKGROUND: Calcium antagonists are highly effective agents for lowering high blood pressure and play a very important role in the treatment of Patient with ischemic heart disease and various other cardiovascular disorder. Manidipine, a dihydropyridine-type ccalcium channel blocker, is a potent relaxant of the arteriolar smooth muscle. We studied ths new calcium channel blocker to evaluated the efficacy and safety in patients with essectial hypertension. METHODS: Twenty patients(ten women and ten men;range of age, 30-66 years old)with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension were enrolled in this study. After a placebo run-in phase of two weeks duration, 5mg-20mg manidipine once daily orally was administered for eight weeks. RESULTS: 1) At the end of 8 weeks of manidipine therapy, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly reduced from 160.1+/-11.8/105.5+/-5.1mmHG in sitting, 160.1+/-12.1/104.5+/-5.4mmHG in supine, 157.1+/-17.0/104.1+/-5.3mmHg in standing to 128.4+/-10.1/85.2+/-5.7mmHg in sitting, 129.1+/-10.2/84.2+/-5.9mmHg in supine, 128.1+/-12.8/86.7+/-5.9mmHg in standing(p<0.01). 2) The pulse rate did dnot change significantly. 3) The reduction of mean systolic and diastolic blood pressur at the end of 8 weeks were 31.5+/-14.5/20.3+/-7.4mmHg in sitting. 4) There was no serious side effect except mild symptom, mild headache(6 casem 30%) and facial flushing(1 case, 5%). CONCLUSION: These results indicate that manidipine is an effective and safe antihypertensive agent in the treatment of mild and moderate essential hypertension.
Blood Pressure ; Calcium ; Calcium Channels ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Muscle, Smooth ; Myocardial Ischemia

We have experienced a case of hepatoblastoma in 22 months old male infant who presented with abdominal distention and hepatomegaly. Diagnosis was confirmed by X-ray of abdomen, liver scan and histological findings. A brief review of literature was also presented.
Abdomen ; Diagnosis ; Hepatoblastoma* ; Hepatomegaly ; Humans ; Infant ; Liver ; Male

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to examine the relationship between the prevalence of burnout and its related factors in medical students in Korea. METHODS: All available medical students in the metropolitan city of Daejeon, Korea, were asked to answer self-administered questionnaires from July 1 to July 26 in 2013. A total of 534 medical students participated. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (MBI-SS) and structured questionnaires on related factors were used. Confirmatory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha were used to verify the applicability of the MBI-SS to medical students in Korea. We also performed chi-square test and logistic regression analysis to identify the factors that were associated with burnout. RESULTS: The MBI-SS was reliable and valid in measuring burnout in Korean medical students. Our confirmatory factor analysis approved and explained the appropriateness of the model fit. The prevalence of burnout among medical students was 26.4% (n=141). Such rates were higher in students who were female, experienced greater levels of depression, had poor academic performance, feared dropping out, and were stressed by the poor quality of the class facilities. CONCLUSION: The MBI-SS is a valid instrument to measure academic burnout in Korean medical students. Further studies should be performed, because improvements in the mental health of medical students will benefit these doctors-to-be and their future patients.
Burnout, Professional/*epidemiology ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Prevalence ; Psychometrics/*methods ; Reproducibility of Results ; Republic of Korea/epidemiology ; Risk Factors ; Stress, Psychological/*epidemiology ; Students, Medical/*psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires/*standards