Central serous retinopathies were arbitrarily divided into two groups; one mainly with edema of the macula and the other with discoloration opacity and a number of tiny yellow spots in and around the macula. Eight cases of central serous retinopathy with macular edema were selected to have oral administration of chlordiazepoxide, 20mg to 60mg a day. Of eight cases of the variety, six cases showed a marked improvement of visual acuity and a complete subsidence of macular edema within ten days after the administration of the drug. Two other cases were also benefitted by the regime. The drug was found to be equally effective even in the patients who had been on the other treatments for varying lengths of time without success. The mode of action of the drug is not yet fully understood. It is, however, assumed that the effectiveness of the drug on the disease might be due to relief of the stress which, in turn, leads to the relaxation of spasm of the retinal and or choroidal arterioles in the vicinity of the macula.
Administration, Oral ; Arterioles ; Central Serous Chorioretinopathy* ; Chlordiazepoxide* ; Choroid ; Edema ; Humans ; Macular Edema ; Relaxation ; Retinaldehyde ; Spasm ; Visual Acuity

The patient is a 20 years old female, Korean, who has many freckles and dark brownish pigment over the face, neck and hands. She also has a rice sized wart like elevation on lower lid margin and pea-nut sized elevation on nose bridge. Histopathologically the former was basal cell carcinoma and the latter squamous cell carcinoma.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Female ; Hand ; Humans ; Ichthyosis* ; Melanosis ; Neck ; Nose ; Warts ; Xeroderma Pigmentosum* ; Young Adult

Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome is characterized by bilateral uveitis, alopecia, poliosis, dysacousia, and sings of meningeal irritation. Vogt-Koyanagi syndrome is a severe anterior uveitis associated with alopecia, vitiligo, poliosis, and dysacousia. On the other hand, Harada's disease is primarily a posterior uveitis accompanied by sings of meningeal irritation and abnormalities of cerebrospinal fluid. The overlapping of clinical manifestations between two entities have justified as part of a spectrum of one disease. The etiology is not clearly determined but two most reliable theories as to the cause of the Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome have been considered as allergic reaction to the uveal pigment or viral infection. The authors experienced a 27-year-old Korean male who had acute bilateral uveitis, headache, dysacousia, alopecia, poliosis, vitiligo on the back, and retinal pigment epithelial detachment of posterior pole in the fluorescein angiography. Thus the authors present this case with clinical manifestations, fluorescein angiographic findings. our schedule of steroid therapy, and review of literatures.
Adult ; Alopecia ; Appointments and Schedules ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Fluorescein ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Hand ; Headache ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Male ; Retinal Detachment ; Uveitis ; Uveitis, Anterior ; Uveitis, Posterior ; Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome* ; Vitiligo

Asteroid hyalitis is a condition in which many creamy or dull-white opacities are suspended in the vitreous. The author has recently encountered a case of asteroid hyalitis in a 68 year old Korean woman. The asteroid bodies are small discrete particles, disc-shaped or spherical, sometimes marshalled in strands and columns sometimes in bundles, but more usually showing no roderly arrangement. With the ophthalmoscope, they are seen by reflected light as creamy or white and shiny, looking like snowballs or stars in the night sky. A brief review of the literature is described.
Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Ophthalmoscopes

This is a study on the causes of the blindness for 217 blind students in Korea. Blindness in defined as the visual acuity for distance of 0.1 (20/200) or less in the better eye with best correction. The causes of blindness in descending order of frequency are as follows: unknown eye diseases (32.3%). congenital diseases (31.3%). infectious diseases (8.8%), meningitis (6.5%), injury and intoxication(6%), refractive errors(6%), febrile diseases(6%), and malnutrition (1.4%), etc. Rate of blindness by site and type of affection is shown as: atrophia bulbi (33.6%). optic nerve diseases(23.1%). cataract(18.996), corneal diseases(11.4%), glaucoma(10.696). anophthalmos(7.4%). amblyopia(6.5%), retinal diseases (2.8%), uveitis (1.0%), high myopia(0.5%), and other diseases (6.4%), etc. Comparisons with other statistics on causes of blindness in the inland and the foreign countries are attempted. Evaluation of results and problems establishing a more detailed and nationwide survey in future are briefly discussed in comment.
Blindness* ; Communicable Diseases ; Eye Diseases ; Humans ; Korea* ; Malnutrition ; Meningitis ; Optic Nerve ; Retinal Diseases ; Uveitis ; Visual Acuity

We studied the difference between manifest refraction and cycloplegic refraction in 80 myopic eyes between the ages of 5 and 13 years. The followings are its results. 1) The difference between manifest refraction and cycloplegic refraction is less than -0.50D. 2) In case of manifest refraction of less than -2.0D, especially in those under -1.0D we noticed that the effect of cycloplegic refraction was significant. 3) The effect of cycloplegic refraction is inversely proportional to age. 4) In cycloplegic refraction, we can't expect effects except the accurate eye examination.
Child* ; Humans

Glaucoma and cataract frequently coexist in the geriatric population. As the combined operation for glaucoma and cataract is still a controversial subject, several authors have recently used trabeculectomy in combination with cataract extraction with good results. In our combined trabeculectomy and cataract extraction procedure on 10 eyes of 9 patients, there was a 60% average decrease in intraocular pressure from 40.0 mmHg to 16.5 mmHg. Visual acuity improved in all cases. The postoperative complications were few. According to our follow-up findings, the combined procedure is no more traumatic than an ordinary cataract extraction.
Cataract Extraction ; Cataract* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma* ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Postoperative Complications ; Trabeculectomy ; Visual Acuity

Osteoma is relatively rare benign tumor of non-inflammatory origin having a circumscribed form, a definite periosteal covering forming a line of cleavage from adjacent structures and showing active participation of osteoblasts. The tumor commonly originates in a nasal accessory sinus or calvaria and may invade the orbit relatively early in its growth, causing ocular disability prior to localizing signs in the smus. We have reported a giant osteoma in an adult having right eye protrusion, pain and interference of eyeball movements. The mass was totally removed by transcranial route successfully with no development of significant complications. The mass was extremely hard, well circumscribed and extended into right frontal, ethmoidal sinuses and orbital cavity.
Adult ; Ethmoid Sinus* ; Humans ; Orbit* ; Osteoblasts ; Osteoma* ; Skull

No abstract available.
Strabismus*

Soon after the discovery of riboflavin, it was recognized that a deficiency of riboflavin was associated with disorders of lid, cornea, lens and retina. This study was devised to observe the effect of riboflavin on the metabolic changes in arteriosclerotic retinopathy, diabetic retinopathy and cataract. The experiment was carried out on 30 adult humans. After each case was treated with riboflavin, visual acuity, retinal change and cholesterol level in serum were determined. The result obtained from this experiment are summarzed as follows; 1. In Arteriosclerotic retinopathy, visual improvement is noted in 46% of 13 cases. Serum cholesterol level is decreased 32mg/dl in average. 2. In diabetic retinopathy, visual improvement is noted in 43% of 14 cases. Serum cholesterol level is slightly increased 0.9mg/dl in average. 3. In cataract, no visual improvement is noted. Serum cholesterol level is decreased 10.2mg/dl in average. 4. There was no known side effect during riboflavin therapy.
Adult ; Cataract* ; Cholesterol ; Cornea ; Diabetic Retinopathy* ; Humans ; Retina ; Retinaldehyde ; Riboflavin ; Visual Acuity