No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Amebiasis* ; Skin*

PURPOSE: Measurement of colon transit time is well-known physiologic study for patients with chronic constipation. But information we get from it is frequently inconsistent with patient's complaint. This study was designed to ascertain the actual significance of that measurement. METHODS: The subjects included two groups of patients with chronic constipation. One group consists of 32 patients(group A), The other group 36 patients(group B). Colon transit time study and defecographic examinations were done using previously described methods. But the former study was a little modified in group A, in which sodium phosphate enema was given at the previous day of oral intake of radio-opaque markers. Findings of colon transit time study and their relations to the defecographic results were compared with each other. RESULTS: As for the 5th day-findings of colon transit time, 6 cases(18.7%) were abnormal in group A and 3 cases(8.4%) in group B(statistically not different). As for the 3rd day-findings, 15 cases(46.9%) were abnormal in group A and 7 cases(19.5%) in group B( statistically different, p=0.0163). Defecographic findings showed 7 cases(21.9%) of outlet obstruction pattern in group A and 9 cases(25%) in group B. Correlations between these findings and those of colonic transit time studies were not proven statistically. CONCLUSION: Colon transit time study with single marker bolus and the 5th day photography technique was considered not to reflect the actual conditions of patients with chronic constipation. But sodium phophate enema, given to patients before starting the study, seemed to enhance the accuracy of study.
Colon* ; Constipation* ; Enema ; Humans ; Photography ; Sodium ; Time and Motion Studies*

PURPOSE: Anorectal manometry has become a routine investigation for the evaluation of patients with anorectal disorders. However, the interpretation of such studies is confounded by the fact that controversial data are reported with regard to the same events. The aim of this study was to measure the reproducibility of the pressure profiles of anorectal manometry in healthy controls for standardization of their measurements. METHODS: Manometric study was performed on different days with 7 days interval in 22 male healthy subjects with the use of a pneumohydraulic capillary perfusion system. RESULTS: For resting pressures with rapid pull-through (RPT) technique, maximum pressure revealed 43.58, 19.8% and mean pressure, 16.02, 14.6% in the order of reproducibility coefficient and coefficient of variation. For resting pressures with stationary pull-through (SPT) technique, maximum pressure; 17.22, 12.2% and mean pressure; 14.66, 26.4%, respectively. For squeezing pressures with RPT technique, maximum pressure; 53.37, 14.3% and mean pressure; 66.32, 23.6%. For squeezing pressures with SPT technique, maximum pressure; 72.80, 11.9%, mean pressure; 93.10, 30.5% and coughing pressure; 69.42, 15.8%, respectively, For anal canal length (ACL) with RPT technique, at resting state; 7.10, 7.9% and at squeezing state; 14.55, 13.7%, respectively. For high pressure zone (HPZ) with RPT technique, at resting state; 6.68, 16.3% and at squeezing state; 11.06, 23.5%. For HPZ with SPT technique, at resting state; 11.28, 25.4% and at squeezing state; 10.04, 17.5%, respectively. For radial asymmetry (RA) with RPT technique, at resting state; 13.76, 42.3% and at squeezing state; 7.86, 22.9%. For RA with SPT technique, at resting state; 24.6, 58.6% and at squeezing state; 14.28, 46.7%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Measurements of resting and squeezing pressure are more reproducible by SPT technique, in which technique it seems that maximum value is more preferred as a representative value. ACL and HPZ are may well measured on resting pressure with SPT technique. Radial asymmetry shows the best reproducibility on squeezing pressure with RPT.
Anal Canal ; Capillaries ; Cough ; Humans ; Male ; Manometry ; Perfusion

No abstract available.
Humans ; Urinary Retention*

No abstract available.
Appendicitis* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Humans ; Urinary Retention*

There were term errors at the end portion of third paragraph in METHODS section of main text.

Transsexuals are those who have appropriate chromosomal, hormonal and anatomical characteristics corresponding to their sexual phenotype but feel strongly with respect to their sexual identity, that they belong to the opposite sex. For this reason, they wish to be reassigned to their psychological sex by means of endocrinological and surgical treatment. Although its etiology is unknown, the majority of modern psychiatrists and behavioral scientists agree that the transsexualism is a disease entity belonging to gender identity disorder or gender dysphoria but not to be confused with the transversite, honosexualism or psychiatric problem. Three kinds of hermaphroditism have been defined according to the histology of the gonad : female pseudohermaphroditism, male pseudohermaphroditism and true hermaphroditism. It is very difficult, if not possible to assign sex especially in neonate and young children. Once sex assignment has been decided and accepted by the patient, surgical intervention should be undertaken as soon as possible. For adults there are many kinds of operative techniques. We have operated 28 cases of transexualism patients by using the penile and scrotal skin flap. This technique is superb for improving sexual appearance and function, and finally for a good opportunity for social activity. We report the results of surgery.
46, XX Disorders of Sex Development ; 46, XY Disorders of Sex Development ; Adult ; Child ; Disorders of Sex Development ; Female* ; Gender Identity ; Gonads ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male* ; Ovotesticular Disorders of Sex Development ; Phenotype ; Psychiatry ; Skin* ; Transsexualism*

PURPOSE: Fatigue rate index (FRI) is one of relatively unknown parameters of anal manometry. It was devised to assess sustained voluntary contractibility of external anal sphincter muscle. We designed this study to determine the predictability of FRI in evaluating patients with symptoms of fecal incontinence. METHODS: Consecutive male patients with fecal incontinence, those with prolapsed hemorrhoids but without any kind of incontinence symptom, and male healthy volunteers who have no anal symptom were grouped as A, B, C. Anal manometric parameters including FRI were measured and compared statistically among them. RESULTS: All subjects were 84. Group A 27, Group B 33, and Group C 24. Their ages were 33.33+/-2.91 (mean SE), 39.27+/-2.80, and 50.81+/-4.33, respectively. Mean resting pressures (mmHg) were 78.11 6.56 for group A, 81.18+/-7.19 for group B, and 57.81+/-7.80 for group C. Maximum resting pressures (mmHg) were 98.67+/-9.69, 100.82+/-8.49, 78.13+/-10.26. Mean squeeze pressures (mmHg) were 229.11+/-18.72, 248.18+/-23.03, 156.94+/-17.89. Maximum squeeze pressures (mmHg) were 286.50+/-33.76, 298.59+/-27.83, 187.38+/-21.08. Resting radial asymmetries (%) were 18.85+/-2.81, 19.85+/-2.31, 28.70+/-4.79. Squeeze radial asymmetries were 15.73+/-2.90, 16.29+/-1.96, 16.47+/-2.95. Fatigue rates were 0.90+/-0.21, 1.17+/-0.15, 1.38+/-0.40. Fatigue rate indices (min.) were 3.76+/-0.41, 2.63+/-0.20, 1.94+/-0.26, respectively. Differences between group A and group C were statistically significant in mean squeeze pressure (P=0.0093), maximum squeeze pressure (P= 0.0190) and FRI (P=0.0008). Those between group B and group C were significant also in mean squeeze pressure (P=0.005), maximum squeeze pressure (P=0.0051), and FRI (P=0.0396). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that independently significant parameters were age (P= 0.002) and FRI (P=0.007). Cut-off point of FRI for incontinence with maximum sensitivity and specificity was 2.4min. by ROC (receiver operating characteristics) analysis. CONCLUSION: FRI is a meaningful parameter in predicting fecal incontinence, which can be used in assessment of sphincter function and future treatment protocols.
Anal Canal* ; Fatigue* ; Fecal Incontinence ; Healthy Volunteers ; Hemorrhoids ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Manometry ; Sensitivity and Specificity