Intraperitoneal adminstration of radioisotopes is suggested to treat the metastatic ovarian cancer in the pertioneal cavity. Administering beta-emitting radioisotopes into the pertioneal cavity allows the maximum energy delivery to the cancerous cells of the pertioneal wall surface while sparing the normal cells located in deep site of the peritoneal wall. In this study, dose estimates of the peritoneal wall are provided to be used for prescribing the amount of 166Ho-chitosan complex administered. The 166Ho-chitosan complex diffused in the peritoneal fluid may attach to the peritoneal wall surface. The attachment fraction of 166Ho-chitosan complex to the peritoneal wall surface is obtained by simulating the ascites with Fischer rats. Both volume source in the peritoneal fluid and the surface source over the peritoneal wall surface are counted for the contribution to the peritoneal wall dose. The Monte Carlo code EGS4 is used to simulate the energy transfer of the beta particles emitted from 166Ho. A plane geometrical model of semi-infinite volume describes the peritoneal cavity and peritoneal wall. A semi-infinite plane of 10 micrometer in thickness at every 1 mm of depth in the peritoneal wall is taken as the target in dose estimation. Greater han 98 percents of attachment fraction has been observed from the experiments with Fischer rats. Given 1.3 microcurie/cm2 and 2.4 microcurie/ml of uniform activity density, absorbed dose is 123 Gy, 8.59 Gy, 3.00 Gy, 1.03 Gy, and 327 Gy at 0 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, and 4 mm in depth to the peritoneal wall, respectively.
Ascites ; Ascitic Fluid ; Beta Particles ; Energy Transfer ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Peritoneal Cavity ; Radioisotopes ; Rats, Inbred F344

Generally, exposure and the operative technique are common difficulty encountered in the total knee arthroplasty of ankylosed knee due to old infection sequelae. Also the postoperative range of motion and relief of pain is poor due to deformity and excessive soft tissue contracture around knee. There have heen few reports, however, that address the reconstructive challenge of total knee arthroplasty in a previously infected ankylosed knee. We perfoined TKA in thirty six patients who had ankylosed knee between July l986 and Dec. 199S. After follow up of average five years and one month, we analysed the results. The definition of ankylosis was a knee ROM less than 90 degree. Average age of patients were 36.7 years old. Twelve patients were meii and twenty four patients were women. Sixteen patients of partial ankylosis and twenty patients of complete ankylosis were performed operation. There were nineteen cases of healed tubercuiosis knees and seventeen cases of healed pyogenic knees. For the release of soft tissue contracture in 9 cases, we lengthened quadrceps tendon with the method of modified V-Y advancement technique. Patella tendon was proximally reattached with staples and suture in 6 cases and tibial tubercle was proximally transferred in 3 cases. As results, the postoperative average range of motion was 79.3 (30 - l21') in complete ankylosis, 107 (60 - 135 ) in partial ankylosis. The average Hospital for Speciai Surgery knee rating score improved from 56.3 points preoperatively to 84.8 points postoperatively. Radiolucent line was observed in two Knees with less than 2mm width in three years and four months, and four years postoperatively, hut the patient had no pain. In five patients who had poor gain of range of motion after operation, we perfonned arthroscopic adhesiolysis. In conclusion, regarding patient selection, reasonable hony development, relative]y healthy extensor mechanism and adequate soft tissue condition are important for success of TKA in old intection sequelae. TKA of ankylosed knee in old infection sequelae is a successful procedui which can ohtain the restoration of function of the ankylosed knee.
Ankylosis ; Arthroplasty* ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Contracture ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee* ; Patellar Ligament ; Patient Selection ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Sutures ; Tendons

BACKGROUND: Urography(IVU) is considered the best first investigation in patient with suspected urinary calculi, but recently ultrasonography(USG), combined with a plain film of the abdomen, has been suggested as an alternative. METHODS: We undertaken study to see if this approch can be used in emergency patients and outpatients by radiologists with different amounts of ultrasound experence. Some 192 patients with suspected urinary colic presenting to Koo Hospital Emergency Department and Youngnam Universith Hospital outward Department(IM, URO, FM) over 12-month period were studied. They had a plain abdominal film(KUB) and USG examination of the kidney, ureter, bladder following hydration and subsequently underwent IVU. Of these, 22 patients passed a stone before their IVU. The data analysis was performed on the remaining 170 patients. Urography was used as the gold standard. RESULTS: Some 170 patients subsequently underwent IVU at a mean interval of 1.8 days after the ultrasound examination. In 91 of 170 patients the IVU was positive. In 97 of 170 patients the combination of JUB plus USG was positive, leaving three false negative KUB plus USG. Thus the sensitivity of KUB plus USG was 97%, specificity was 89%, positive predictive value was 91%, and negative predictive value was 96%. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings in this study suggest that in the hydrated patient the combination of KUB plus US is a very sensitive and relative specific screening test. Because of the high negative predictive value of KUB plus US, urography is not likely to be helpful when KUB plus US are negative. Urography is indicated only if KUB plus US findings are equivocal or if intervention is necessa.ry.
Abdomen ; Colic ; Emergencies ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Humans ; Kidney ; Mass Screening ; Outpatients ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Statistics as Topic ; Ultrasonography* ; Ureter ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Calculi* ; Urography*

No abstract available.
Brain Neoplasms* ; Brain*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Urethra* ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urinary Incontinence*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Urethra* ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urinary Incontinence*

No abstract available.
Fibrin Tissue Adhesive* ; Fibrin*

PURPOSE: To analyze the clinical results of treatment for infected TKA and find a reasonable method of treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between March 1988 and August 1997, 34 patients with infection after total knee arthroplasty were treated at Kyung Hee University Hospital. The average follow-up period was 4 year 8 months. At-the time of infection management, the average age was 59 years (range, 20 to 79 years); there were 31 women and three men. Infected patients were managed with several methods. Twenty patients were treated with one-stage or two-stage reimplantation, and arthrodesis was done in 12 cases. Two cases were treated conservatively. We assessed knee function before and after revision, according to the knee rating system of The Hospital for Special Surgery. RESULTS: Prior to revision operation, the average knee score in 20 reimplantation cases was 52 points, and the average range of motion was 76. After revision, the average knee score was 84 points, and the average range of motion was 90. All patients had complete union at an average 5.3 months after arthrodesis. There were no recurrences of infection after one-stage or two-stage reimplantation, or fusion. CONCLUSIONS: Thoughtful method of treatment should be decided in managing infected total knee arthroplasty.
Arthrodesis ; Arthroplasty* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee* ; Male ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Recurrence ; Replantation

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical and radiological results of periprosthetic fracture treatments following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between Jan. 1991 and Jun. 1998, 16 knees in 15 patients were treated for periprosthetic fractures following TKA. Average age of the patients were 56 years (26-69 years) , and 14 patients were women and one was a man. The average follow-up period after fracture was 2 years 5 months (1 year - 8 years 2 months) . We analyzed clinical results according to the knee rating score of Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) , bony union time and femorotibial angle. RESULTS: Among 980 knees in 633 patients with primary total knee arthroplasty, 16 knees in 15 patients developed periprosthetic fractures. The incidence was 1.6%. Three knees were treated with closed reduction and cast immobilization, seven knees were treated with Ender nailing, and six knees were treated with open reduction and internal fixation. Range of motion was 113 degrees on an average before fracture and 94 degrees at the last follow up, and HSS knee rating score averaged 88 points before fracture and 83 points at the last follow up. Radiologically, 15 knees had complete union and one knee had nonunion. CONCLUSION: The authors think that conservative management was not effective due to prolonged immobilization and late start of ROM exercise. Open reduction with internal fixations provided a better reduction of the fracture, preserving the alignment of fragment and restoring function. Also, Ender nailing was an alternative option of treatment considering less morbidity and satisfactory functional results.
Arthroplasty ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Incidence ; Knee ; Periprosthetic Fractures* ; Range of Motion, Articular

Anthracosis is a very common disease of the bronchus, while anthracosis of the gastrointestinal tract is extremely rare. Only a few cases of anthracosis of the esophagus have been reported and no cases of anthracosis of the terminal ileum are known, except one patient in Korea who was described as having melanosis ilei. A black pigmented lesion was detected in the terminal ileum on colonoscopic examination of a 51-year-old woman. Histological examination revealed a pigmented lesion beneath the mucosal epithelial layer and lymphoid follicular hyperplasia. The lesion consisted of an aggregation of histiocytes containing abundant tiny black pigments. She has taken oral charcoal for 7 years. We diagnosed anthracosis of the terminal ileum caused by oral charcoal and report a case of charcoal-induced anthracosis of the terminal ileum.
Anthracosis ; Bronchi ; Charcoal ; Esophagus ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Histiocytes ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Ileum ; Korea ; Melanosis ; Middle Aged