The gene encoding F protein of CBP-1 strain, a heat-stable Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolated from the diseased pheasants in Korea, was characterized by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), nucleotide and amino acid sequences. Virus RNA was prepared from the chorioallatoic fluid infected with NDV CBP-1 virus and cDNA was amplified by RT-PCR, cloned and sequenced to analyze. The PCR was sensitive as to detect the virus titer above 25 hemagglutination unit. 1.7kb (1,707bp) size of the cDNA was amplified and cloned into BamHI site of pVL1393 Baculo transfer vector. The nucleotide sequences for F protein were determined by dye terminator cyclic sequencing using four pairs of primers, and 553 amino acid sequences were predicted. In comparison of the nucleotide sequence of F gene of CBP-1 with those of other NDV strains, the homology revealed 88.8%, 98.5% and 98.7% with Kyojungwon (KJW), Texas GB and Beaudette C strains, respectively. As the deduced 553 amino acid sequences of F protein of CBP-1 were compared with those of other NDV strains, the homology appeared 89.9%, 98.7% and 98.9% with KJW, Texas GB and Beaudette C strains, respectively. The putative protease cleavage site (112-116) was R-R-Q-K-R, indicating that CBP-1 strain is velogenic type. The amino acid sequences include 6 sites of N-asparagine-linked glycosylation and 13 cysteine residues. These data indicate that the genotype of CBP-1 strain is more closely associated with the strains of Texas GB and Beaudette C than KJW strain.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence* ; Clone Cells ; Cloning, Molecular* ; Cysteine ; DNA, Complementary ; Genotype ; Glycosylation ; Hemagglutination ; Korea ; Newcastle disease virus* ; Newcastle Disease* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA ; Texas ; Viral Load

We made a clinical observation of 63 cases with miliary tuberculosis at the pediatric department of Hanyang University Hospital in Seoul, Korea, during the period from January, 1973 to September, 1979. The result were as folowing: 1. The incidence of miliary tubeculosis in children was 0.57%(63 cases/11,040) of total admission cases. The incidence was increased for the last 2 years, that is 0.54% in 1978 and 0.96% in 1979 respectively. 2. The highest incidence by age was noticed as 79.4% in the group under the age of 3 years with the 1 case of 2 months old. 3. The seasonal prevalence were winter and spring showing incidence of 63% 4. The source of infection was found in 49.2% of all cases, and majority (58.1%) of the infection was caused by their parents. 5. Only 9.5% of cases had received BCG innoculation. 6. The chief compalints on admission were revealed in the order of fever (71.4%), coughing (66.7%), vomiting (49.2%), irritability (25.4%), etc. 7. The principal clinical features on admission were marked emaciation (46.0%), abnormal neurologic sign (46.0%), hepatosplenobegaly (34.9%) in order. 8. The tuberculin skin test with 5TU PPD was noticed positive reaction in 54%. 9. The causative organism was isolated in 42.3% of all 26 observed cases. 10. Hematologic findings revealed mild degree of anemia (63.9%), leukocytosis (75.5%), increased ESR (63.4%). 11. Miliary density on X-ray were disappeared within 4 months following treatment in 73.9% of all 23 observed cases. 12. The complications or combined diseases were tuberculous meningitis (41 cases), cervical lymphadenopathy (10 cases) and tuberculous peritonitis (4 cases), etc. 13. The mortality rate was 14.3% (9 cases/63).
Anemia ; Child* ; Cough ; Emaciation ; Fever ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Korea ; Leukocytosis ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Mortality ; Mycobacterium bovis ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Parents ; Peritonitis, Tuberculous ; Prevalence ; Seasons ; Seoul ; Skin Tests ; Tuberculin ; Tuberculosis, Meningeal ; Tuberculosis, Miliary* ; Vomiting

Swine is a common source of Campylobacter coli human gastroenteritis, for the treatment of which erythromycin and fluoroquinolones are recommended. The prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant C. coli differs significantly depending on countries. We investigated the prevalence of C. coli in swine from a farm in Buan-gun, Korea in 2010, and determined antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates. Rectal swab specimens were used to inoculate Campylobacter Preston media and incubated microaerophilically at 42degrees C for 48 h. The species were identified by phenotypic tests and by detecting hipO and glyA genes. PCR was used to detect mutations of A2074C in 23S rRNA gene, and quinolone resistance-determining region (QRDR) of gyrA, which are associated with high level resistance to erythromycin, and with ciprofloxacin, respectively. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by the disk diffusion and agar dilution tests. Of the 100 specimens, 55 (55%) yielded C. coli, and 23 of them (41.8%) had A2074G mutation. A2074G mutated isolates showed the lowest MIC90 of imipenem, while those of ampicillin and clindamycin were relatively low. The majority of both A2074G mutation-positive and -negative isolate were susceptible to ampicillin, cefotaxime, and chloramphenicol. All isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin, and had mutation in QRDR of gyrA. In conclusion, C. coli was detected in 55% of swine, and A2074G mutation was detected in 41.8% of the isolates. All isolates had gyrA mutation-mediated ciprofloxacin resistance.
Agar ; Ampicillin ; Campylobacter ; Campylobacter coli ; Cefotaxime ; Chloramphenicol ; Ciprofloxacin ; Clindamycin ; Diffusion ; Erythromycin ; Fluoroquinolones ; Gastroenteritis ; Genes, rRNA ; Humans ; Imipenem ; Korea ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prevalence ; Swine

No abstract available.
Empyema* ; Humans* ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator*

No abstract available.
Baculoviridae* ; Glycoproteins* ; Insects*

PURPOSE: Inflammatory white blood cells are related to semen quality, affection fertility. In these cases, inflammatory cytokines are present in increased quantities, and this increase may be related to sperm motility. We examined changes in measures of motility after administration of cytokines to sperm in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Semen from 30 healthy men were obtained. With the swim-up procedure, actively motile sperm were isolated and incubated in Ham's F10 culture medium. Interleukin(IL)-1 alpha(10ng/mL) was added, and measures of sperm motility were examined ater 5 and 24 hours using the Hamilton-Thorne computer semen analysis system. These measures were expressed as a percentage of the values before incubation. RESULTS: The decreases of the average path velocity (VAP) in the IL-1 alpha-treated and IL-8treated specimens after 24 hours are statistically significant. None of the decrease in values for straight-line velocity (VSL) is statistically significant. There were statistically significant decreases in the curvilinear velocity (VCL)in IL-6-treated and TNF-1 alpha-treated specimens after 24 hours. None of the changes in the lateral head displacement (ALH)or the beat cross frequency (BCF)was statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The administration of cytokines decreases sperm motility in vitro. It is suggested that seminal cytokines may affect sperm motility in vivo.
Cytokines* ; Fertility ; Head ; Humans* ; Interleukin-1 ; Leukocytes ; Male ; Semen ; Semen Analysis ; Sperm Motility* ; Spermatozoa*

PURPOSE: Inflammatory white blood cells are related to semen quality, affection fertility. In these cases, inflammatory cytokines are present in increased quantities, and this increase may be related to sperm motility. We examined changes in measures of motility after administration of cytokines to sperm in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Semen from 30 healthy men were obtained. With the swim-up procedure, actively motile sperm were isolated and incubated in Ham's F10 culture medium. Interleukin(IL)-1 alpha(10ng/mL) was added, and measures of sperm motility were examined ater 5 and 24 hours using the Hamilton-Thorne computer semen analysis system. These measures were expressed as a percentage of the values before incubation. RESULTS: The decreases of the average path velocity (VAP) in the IL-1 alpha-treated and IL-8treated specimens after 24 hours are statistically significant. None of the decrease in values for straight-line velocity (VSL) is statistically significant. There were statistically significant decreases in the curvilinear velocity (VCL)in IL-6-treated and TNF-1 alpha-treated specimens after 24 hours. None of the changes in the lateral head displacement (ALH)or the beat cross frequency (BCF)was statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The administration of cytokines decreases sperm motility in vitro. It is suggested that seminal cytokines may affect sperm motility in vivo.
Cytokines* ; Fertility ; Head ; Humans* ; Interleukin-1 ; Leukocytes ; Male ; Semen ; Semen Analysis ; Sperm Motility* ; Spermatozoa*

PURPOSE: The inflammation associated with leukocytospermia and infection has been implicated as a cause of infertility. Inflammatory cells cause subfertility through the effects of chemical mediators or cytokines. The seminal inflammatory cytokines are present in increased quantities if inflammatory white blood cells are present in semen and this increase under removed white blood cells may be related to sperm motility. Impairments in sperm motility reported that were induced by exposure of human sperm to recombinant interferon-gamma although this findings have been debated. We examined the change of parameters of sperm motility after administration of Interferon gamma(IFN-gamma) to sperm to evaluate the effect of cytokine on sperm motility. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Semens from 20 healthy males were obtained. With swim up procedure, sperms with active motility were got and incubated in HAM`s F10 culture media for 24 hours. IFN-gamma 1000ng/ml, 10ng/ml and 0.1ng/ml were administered before incubation, respectively. Parameters of sperm motility such as curvilinear velocity(VCL), average path velocity(VAP), straight line velocity(VSL), lateral head displacement(ALH) and beat cross frequency(BCF) were recorded with Hamilton-Thorne computer semen analysis system before incubation, 5, 7 and 24 hour thereafter. They were expressed as percentage of the value of parameters before incubation. RESULTS: There were statistically significant decreases of VCL, VAP, VSL, BCF in IFN-gamma 1000ng/ml administration after 24 hours. CONCLUSIONS: The administration of IFN-gamma decrease the parameters of sperm motility and the increase of IFN-gamma was presumed to affect sperm motility. It is suggested that seminal IFN-gamma may affect sperm motility.
Culture Media ; Cytokines ; Head ; Humans ; Infertility ; Inflammation ; Interferon-gamma ; Interferons* ; Leukocytes ; Male ; Semen ; Semen Analysis ; Sperm Motility* ; Spermatozoa*

PURPOSE: We wanted to evaluate the usefulness of helical CT, along with histopathologic correlation, for the preoperative evaluation of small advanced gastric cancers (AGCs) mimicking as early gastric cancer (EGCs) at endoscopy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From February 2001 to September 2004, we retrospectively reviewed 17 patients with pathologically proven small AGCs that were misinterpreted as EGCs at endoscopy. The preoperative helical CT findings were prospectively analyzed and the CT staging was compared with the pathologic staging that was based on the depth of tumor invasion and status of lymph node metastasis, according to the TNM classification. RESULTS: The endoscopic findings of the 17 AGCs misinterpreted as EGCs were type IIc (n=7), IIb+IIc (n=3), IIa+IIc (n=3), IIa+IIb (n=1), and III (n=3). The mean size of the AGCs on the gross specimen was 2.8 cm (range: 1.2 cm-5 cm). Helical CT clearly depicted the depth of tumor invasion by the marked transmural enhancement or the reticular strands in the exraserosal fat. Preoperative helical CT detected all 17 AGCs (100%) and it correctly diagnosed then as AGCs in 15 (88%) of 17 cases. CT staging for the T category correctly staged 12 cases (71%), it understaged four cases and it overstaged one case. Regional lymph node metastasis was positive in 11 (64%) of 17 cases on the pathologic examination. The CT staging for the N category correctly staged 10 (59%) of 17 cases, it understaged four cases, and it overstaged three cases. CONCLUSION: Preoperative helical CT correctly diagnosed small AGCs mimicking as EGCs at endoscopy. Our results show that helical CT can be useful for the decision-making during the treatment planning for those patients with gastric cancer in which the endoscopic distinction between EGC and AGC is difficult.
Classification ; Endoscopy* ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prospective Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Tomography, Spiral Computed*

PURPOSE: To assess the CT findings of remote metastasis to the gastric cardia in patients with esophageal carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Among patients with esophageal carcinomas treated between June 1994 and May 1999, five males aged 65-75 (mean, 67.4) years with histologically proven remote metastasis to the gastric cardia from esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, detected at surgery (n=2) or endoscopic biopsy (n=3), underwent CT scanning. We retrospectively evaluated the findings in terms of the location, size and appearance of each lesion and the presence or absence of associated lymphadenopathy. RESULTS: The primary esophageal carcinomas were located in the middle third (n=4) and lower third (n=1) of the esophagus. All five gastric metastases were solitary and occurred in the gastric cardia, and were separated from the primary tumors. CT showed that the metastases ranged in size from 4.2 to 8.0 (mean, 6.7) cm, and all were larger than the primary tumors. All were ulcerated, and in four cases there was associated abdominal lymphadenopathy. They were all well defined, poorly enhanced, submucosal masses that were endogastric in three cases and exogastric in two. The latter were difficult to differentiate from extrinsic masses compressing the gastric cardia. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that when a submucosal gastric cardial mass with associated lymphadenopathy is detected by CT during the initial staging or follow-up evaluation of esophageal carcinoma, remote gastric metastasis should be considered.
Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cardia* ; Esophagus ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ulcer