No abstract available.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone* ; Animals ; Hypothalamus* ; Neurons* ; Rats*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Cats* ; Olfactory Bulb*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Neurons* ; Neuropeptides* ; Rats*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Cats* ; Immunohistochemistry* ; Neuropeptides* ; Olfactory Bulb*

No abstract available.
Meningitis, Meningococcal* ; Pericarditis*

The distribution and morphology of cholecystokinin-8 (CCK 8)-, neuropeptide Y (NPY)-, Substance P (SP)- and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-immunoreactivity were examined in the cat superior colliculus (SC) by means of immunohistochemistry. Judging from this study, some neuropeptides-IR neurons may be present in the superficial layers of the sc. And these neurons and neuropeptides may be involved in the functions of the superficial layers.
Animals ; Brain* ; Cats* ; Immunohistochemistry ; Neurons* ; Neuropeptide Y ; Neuropeptides ; Substance P ; Superior Colliculi* ; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide

The hippocampus plays important roles in the regulation and combination of short and long term memory and spatial navigation with other brain centers. Aging is accompanied by a functional decline of the hippocampus and degenerative disease. Microglia are major immune cells in the central nervous system and response to degenerative changes in the aged brain. In this respect, functional and morphological changes of the hippocampus have been closely related to microglial changes during normal aging with or without disease. Therefore, in this review, we discuss morphological and functional changes of the hippocampus and microglia in the aging brain.
Aged ; Aging ; Brain ; Central Nervous System ; Hippocampus ; Humans ; Memory ; Microglia

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) has various actions including the regulation of adipocyte differentiation, lipid metabolism and glucose homeostasis. In the present study, we examined the changes of PPARgamma immunoreactivity and protein levels in the gerbil dentate gyrus (DG) after transient global cerebral ischemia using immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. PPARgamma immunoreactivity was gradually increased from 1 day after ischemia-reperfusion. PPARgamma immunoreactivity, in accordance with protein level, was highest at 2 days after ischemia-reperfusion and was detected in microglia at this time. Thereafter, both PPARgamma immunoreactivity and protein level were decreased with time in the ischemic DG. These results indicate that PPARgamma may be related to the ischemia-induced microglial activation and neuronal damage/death in the DG after transient global cerebral ischemia.
Adipocytes ; Blotting, Western ; Brain Ischemia* ; Dentate Gyrus* ; Gerbillinae* ; Glucose ; Homeostasis ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lipid Metabolism ; Microglia ; Neurons ; PPAR gamma*

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) has various actions including the regulation of adipocyte differentiation, lipid metabolism and glucose homeostasis. In the present study, we examined the changes of PPARgamma immunoreactivity and protein levels in the gerbil dentate gyrus (DG) after transient global cerebral ischemia using immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. PPARgamma immunoreactivity was gradually increased from 1 day after ischemia-reperfusion. PPARgamma immunoreactivity, in accordance with protein level, was highest at 2 days after ischemia-reperfusion and was detected in microglia at this time. Thereafter, both PPARgamma immunoreactivity and protein level were decreased with time in the ischemic DG. These results indicate that PPARgamma may be related to the ischemia-induced microglial activation and neuronal damage/death in the DG after transient global cerebral ischemia.
Adipocytes ; Blotting, Western ; Brain Ischemia* ; Dentate Gyrus* ; Gerbillinae* ; Glucose ; Homeostasis ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lipid Metabolism ; Microglia ; Neurons ; PPAR gamma*

No abstract available.
Tachycardia*