This paper introduces several novel HPC-based monitoring devices for community medicine. They support net transmission and have superiorities of portability, small size, good mobility, easy use and strong adaptivity.
Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory ; instrumentation ; Community Health Services ; Computers, Handheld ; Electrocardiography, Ambulatory ; instrumentation ; Equipment Design ; Humans ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; instrumentation ; Telemedicine ; instrumentation

The continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) has been clinically applied to monitor the dynamic change of the subcutaneous interstitial glucose concentration which is a function of the blood glucose level by glucose sensors. It can track blood glucose levels all day along, and thus provide comprehensive and reliable information about blood glucose dynamics. The clinical application of CGMS enables monitoring of blood glucose fluctuations and the discovery of hidden hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia that are difficult to be detected by traditional methods. As a CGMS needs to work subcutaneously for a long time, a series of factors such as biocompatibility, enzyme inactivation, oxygen deficiency, foreign body reaction, implant size, electrode flexibility, error correction, comfort, device toxicity, electrical safety, et al. should be considered beforehand. The study focused on the difficulties in the technology, and compared the products of Abbott, Medtronic and DexCom, then summarized their cutting-edge. Finally, this study expounded some key technologies in dynamic blood glucose monitoring and therefore can be utilized as a reference for the development of CGMS.
Blood Glucose ; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring/methods* ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; Hypoglycemia ; Monitoring, Ambulatory/methods* ; Monitoring, Physiologic

OBJECTIVENarcolepsy is a sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy, hypnagogic hallucination and sleep paralysis, with abnormal characteristics of shorter rapid eye movement (REM) sleep latency. The management of the patients is very important. The present study focused on the clinical characteristics, diagnostic methods and long-term prognosis of this particular syndrome.

METHODSThe clinical data of 39 narcoleptic children were analyzed. Sleep EEG monitoring was performed in all patients. Among the 39 cases, 23 were followed up.

RESULTSAll the patients manifested with excessive daytime sleepiness, with disrupted nocturnal sleep occurring in 35 cases. Cataplexy appeared in 36 cases, and sleep paralysis in 9, hypnagogic hallucination in 19, and automatic behavior in 6 cases, respectively. Sleep EEG monitoring demonstrated a short mean sleep latency (< 5 minutes) and two or more sleep onset REM periods (SOREMPs) in 38 cases. Twenty-three of the 39 cases were followed-up. Seventeen cases were followed-up for over one year. The longest follow-up duration was 14 years. Methylphenidate was administered in 10 cases. The excessive daytime sleepiness had been improved in 7 cases (70%). No obvious adverse effects were found. Psychosocial and academic problems appeared in most cases.

CONCLUSIONNarcolepsy is a chronic neurological disorder. A definite diagnosis is established when the symptoms of cataplexy and excessive daytime sleepiness occur in association with the characteristic findings on sleep EEG monitoring. Appropriate drug therapy and psychosocial management are of help for such patients. Stimulant medication is an important component of the overall treatment program. A comprehensive approach is necessary to meet the needs of children with narcolepsy. Family education and emotional support are key elements in the management plan. The overall goal for managing childhood narcolepsy is to assist the child and family in achieving optimal quality of life.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Electroencephalography ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Monitoring, Ambulatory ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; Narcolepsy ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Polysomnography

Telemetering is one of the ideal methods of metering biomedical signal. This paper emphasizes remote medical treatment system and its exploitation, realization and application. It gives an overview of the recent development of biotelemetry. At the same time, it discusses the principle, realization, new development of other biotelemetry methods and further research tendencies on biotelemetry as well.
Biotechnology ; Electrocardiography, Ambulatory ; instrumentation ; Humans ; Internet ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; instrumentation ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; instrumentation ; Telecommunications ; instrumentation ; Telemedicine ; Telemetry ; instrumentation ; trends

To overcome the problems of current electrocardiogram (ECG) tele-monitoring devices used for daily life, according to information fusion thought and by means of wearable technology, we developed a new type of wearable ECG monitor with the capability of physical activity recognition in this paper. The ECG monitor synchronously detected electrocardiogram signal and body acceleration signal, and recognized the scene information of physical activity, and finally determined the health status of the heart. With the advantages of accuracy for measurement, easy to use, comfort to wear, private feelings and long-term continuous in monitoring, this ECG monitor is quite fit for the heart-health monitoring in daily life.
Electrocardiography, Ambulatory ; instrumentation ; Equipment Design ; Heart ; physiology ; Humans ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; instrumentation ; Motor Activity ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Telemetry ; instrumentation

This paper introduces a novel mobile phone based wireless real-time ECG monitoring system. And experiments were conducted to demonstrate the reliability and stability of the device. This novel system not only addresses the contradiction between continuous monitoring and device cost, but also represents advanced concepts of low cost medicine and personal health management.
Cell Phone ; Electrocardiography ; instrumentation ; Monitoring, Ambulatory ; instrumentation ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; instrumentation ; Wireless Technology

PURPOSE: This study examined the effect on uterine contraction frequency (UCF), blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), fetal heart rate (FHR) patterns and psychophysical symptoms (physical discomfort, anxiety, and depression) of structured bed exercise (SBE) in hospitalized high-risk pregnant women prescribed bed rest. METHODS: Forty-five hospitalized high risk pregnant women at >24 weeks of pregnancy prescribed bed rest were randomly assigned to the experimental or control group. From January to May 2014, data were collected using electronic fetal monitoring and patient monitoring of UCF, BP, HR and FHR patterns, and psychophysical symptoms were measured using the antenatal physical discomfort scale, state-trait anxiety scale, and Edinburgh postnatal depression scale. RESULTS: UCF, BP, HR, and FHR patterns (rate, variability, acceleration, and deceleration) did not differ significantly between the experimental and control groups. The experimental group showed a significant increase in baseline FHR after SBE within the normal range, and after SBE, it reduced to the FHR before SBE. The variability, acceleration and deceleration of FHR before and after SBE did not differ significantly between two groups. Moreover, there was no statistically significant difference before and after SBE in the experimental group. Also, the experimental group showed statistically significant decreases in physical discomfort score. However, there were no significant differences in depression and anxiety score between two groups. CONCLUSIONS: SBE in hospitalized high-risk pregnant women under bed rest did not increase the risk to the fetus, and relieved physical discomfort and anxiety. Therefore, SBE should be considered as a nursing intervention in hospitalized high-risk pregnant women.
Acceleration ; Anxiety ; Bed Rest ; Blood Pressure ; Cardiotocography ; Deceleration ; Depression ; Depression, Postpartum ; Female ; Fetal Heart* ; Fetus ; Heart Rate ; Heart Rate, Fetal* ; Humans ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; Nursing ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, High-Risk ; Pregnant Women* ; Reference Values ; Uterine Contraction*

Motion artifacts are a main interference source of ambulatory physiology signals. The interference in wearable detection systems is more serious because of using dry electrodes. On account of the instantaneity in motion artifacts and periodicity in physiological signal, we presented a new method based on periodic component analysis for motion artifact reduction. The single channel signal is transformed into multi-channel signal with multi resolution analysis, and then periodic component analysis can help us to separate the normal physiological signal from motion artifacts. A case study in electrocardiogram (ECG) demonstrates that periodic component analysis is better than the empirical mode decomposition and adaptive filtering methods. Periodic component analysis as a time domain method can discriminate the signal with frequency aliasing, and recover the ECG waveform feature corrupted. This method can be easily extended to other physiological signal processing.
Algorithms ; Ambulatory Care ; methods ; Artifacts ; Electrocardiography, Ambulatory ; methods ; Humans ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; methods ; Principal Component Analysis ; methods ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted

Blood glucose monitoring is of great significance to diabetic patients, and the development of rapid, accurate and real-time glucose detection technology has become a research hotspot nowadays. This study introduces the concept and classification of the enzyme-free glucose sensor, expounds enzymefree glucose sensor electrode characterization methods and the application progress of different materials in enzyme-free blood glucose sensors. Meanwhile, some problems of enzyme-free glucose sensor existing in the current research and its future application prospects also will be discussed.
Blood Glucose ; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring ; Electrodes ; Glucose ; Humans ; Monitoring, Physiologic

Blood glucose monitoring has become the weakest point in the overall management of diabetes in China. Long-term monitoring of blood glucose levels in diabetic patients has become an important means of controlling the development of diabetes and its complications, so that technological innovations in blood glucose testing methods have far-reaching implications for accurate blood glucose testing. This article discusses the basic principles of minimally invasive and non-invasive blood glucose testing assays, including urine glucose assays, tear assays, methods of extravasation of tissue fluid, and optical detection methods, etc., focuses on the advantages of minimally invasive and non-invasive blood glucose testing methods and the latest relevant results, and summarizes the current problems of various testing methods and prospects for future development trends.
Humans ; Blood Glucose ; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring/methods* ; Diabetes Mellitus/diagnosis* ; Monitoring, Physiologic/methods* ; Tears