Aging is accompanied by the changes in the cells that decrease their capacity to respond to various forms of stress. Cells are known to respond to stresses through expression of stress- response proteins, heat-shock proteins composed of molecular chaperones. Recent studies suggest that chaperone level and stress-induced chaperone expression could decrease with aging. The aim of the present study is to identify chaperones that show a significant change in protein expression with aging. We used an in vitro aging model system of human diploid fibroblasts (HDF). Proteome analysis of HDF showed that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone, calnexin, significantly decreased with aging. Oxidative stress-induced expression of calnexin also attenuated in old HDF compared to young cells. These findings suggest calnexin decreases with aging and might contribute to a cytoprotection in a variety of human age-related diseases.
Calnexin/analysis/*metabolism ; *Cell Aging ; Cells, Cultured ; Down-Regulation ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism ; Fibroblasts/metabolism ; Humans ; Molecular Chaperones/analysis/*metabolism ; Oxidative Stress/*physiology ; Proteomics ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

OBJECTIVETo identify gene differential expression in embryo and adult testes by cDNA microarray techniques.

METHODScDNA probes of embryo and adult testes were used to hybridize the cDNA microarray of human testis, and the clones of differential hybridization were sequenced and analyzed.

RESULTSThe calmegin (CLGN) gene which had been confirmed to be involved in spermatogenesis was found, and it exhibited more than 20-fold difference at expression level between adult and embryo human testes.

CONCLUSIONGenes differential expression in adult and embryo human testes can be identified by cDNA microarray hybridization.

Adult ; Base Sequence ; Calcium-Binding Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; Cloning, Molecular ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Humans ; Male ; Molecular Chaperones ; chemistry ; genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Spermatogenesis ; genetics ; Testis ; embryology ; metabolism

Azacitidine ; pharmacology ; Base Sequence ; Chromosomes, Human, X ; genetics ; DNA Methylation ; drug effects ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Galactosyltransferases ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA ; etiology ; genetics ; metabolism ; Glycosylation ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharides ; pharmacology ; Lymphocytes ; metabolism ; Molecular Chaperones ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mutation ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide