Objective: To determine the risk factors and outcomes of imipenem-resistant Acinetobacterbaumannii (IRAB) bloodstream infection (BSI) cases, since there is very little publication on Acinetobacter baumannii infections from Malaysia. Methods: A cross sectional study of 41 cases (73.2%) of imipenem-sensitive Acinetobacter baumanii (ISAB) and 15 cases (26.8%) of IRAB was conducted in a teaching hospital which was located at North-Eastern state of Malaysia. Results:There was no independent risk factor for IRAB BSI identified but IRAB BSI was significantly associated with longer bacteraemic days [OR 1.23 (95% CI 1.01, 1.50)]. Although prior use of carbepenems and cephalosporin were higher among IRAB than ISAB group, statistically they were not significant. There was no significant difference in term of outcomes between the two groups. Conclusions: Although statistically not significant, this analysis compliments previous publication highlighting the importance of appropriate empiric antibiotic usage in hospital especially carbepenems and need further evaluation with bigger subjects.

OBJECTIVETo determine the risk factors and outcomes of imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (IRAB) bloodstream infection (BSI) cases, since there is very little publication on Acinetobacter baumannii infections from Malaysia.

METHODSA cross sectional study of 41 cases (73.2%) of imipenem-sensitive Acinetobacter baumanii (ISAB) and 15 cases (26.8%) of IRAB was conducted in a teaching hospital which was located at North-Eastern state of Malaysia.

RESULTSThere was no independent risk factor for IRAB BSI identified but IRAB BSI was significantly associated with longer bacteraemic days [OR 1.23 (95% CI 1.01, 1.50)]. Although prior use of carbepenems and cephalosporin were higher among IRAB than ISAB group, statistically they were not significant. There was no significant difference in term of outcomes between the two groups.

CONCLUSIONSAlthough statistically not significant, this analysis compliments previous publication highlighting the importance of appropriate empiric antibiotic usage in hospital especially carbepenems and need further evaluation with bigger subjects.

Acinetobacter Infections ; drug therapy ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; Acinetobacter baumannii ; drug effects ; isolation & purification ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Bacteremia ; drug therapy ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; Case-Control Studies ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Hospitals, Teaching ; Humans ; Imipenem ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Malaysia ; epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult ; beta-Lactam Resistance

Introduction: Methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) requires a client to take a daily dose of methadone to reduce cravings for opioid and suppress withdrawal syndrome. Non-retention in the MMT will seriously expose more risk rather than the benefits of the program. Hence, determining the factors associated with non-retention to the MMT is essential. Thus, the present study was conducted to determine the proportion of non-retention and its associated factors among clients receiving MMT in Kelantan, Malaysia. Methods: By using a retrospective record review analysis, the required information of the clients was obtained from fourteen MMT clinics in Kelantan, Malaysia. A total of 155 clients were selected in this study using systematic random sampling. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the factors associated with non-retention among clients receiving MMT. Results: It was found that the proportion of non-retention to the MMT in Kelantan, Malaysia was 21.9%. Clients with advanced age, taking daily direct observed therapy, and no underlying HIV were the predictors of non-retention among clients receiving MMT in Kelantan, Malaysia. Conclusion: The findings highlight a relatively high proportion of non-retention among the MMT clients. There is a need for an integrated, culturally relevant approach towards tackling the factors associated with non-retention in the future to keep this program sustainable and effective.

Background: The purpose of the study was to compare the motives for participating in physical activity (PA) through the different types of co-curricular activities chosen by health sciences undergraduate students at Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Malaysia. Methods: The participants were university students at USM’s Health Campus, who were invited to volunteer and complete two measures: a demographic form, including the types of co-curricular activities in which the students chose to enrol (sports, uniform and art), and the Physical Activity and Leisure Motivation Scale (PALMS). Results: A total of 588 university students (female = 79.1%, male = 20.9%) with a mean age of 19.77 (SD = 1.39) participated in the study. The results showed significant differences in the motives of affiliation (P < 0.001), appearance (P = 0.008) and physical condition (P = 0.010) across the types of co-curricular activities in which the students participated. The students who enrolled in sports generally showed higher motives of affiliation, appearance and physical condition for participating in PA than other types of co-curricular activities. Conclusion: The study findings can provide further insights into the motives for participating in PA among health sciences students and encouragement for students to integrate PA into their daily routines.