1.Experience of nursing students about the barriers to patient education: a qualitative study in Iran.
Mohammad ABBASI ; Leili RABIEI ; Reza MASOUDI
Korean Journal of Medical Education 2018;30(4):327-337
PURPOSE: Patient education is a dynamic and continuous process that should be implemented during the entire time of hospital stay and even afterward. Studies have shown the typically poor quality of patient education in Iran and its failure to convey the required knowledge and skills to patients. The purpose of this study was to survey the experience of nursing students in regard to the challenges of patient education in hospitals. METHODS: This qualitative study was conducted using the conventional qualitative content analysis approach on a sample of 21 undergraduate nursing students (4th semester and beyond), which was drawn from the Qom Nursing and Midwifery School through purposive sampling with maximum variation. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews conducted over a period of 45 to 75 minutes, and were analyzed using the conventional qualitative content analysis. RESULTS: Results were derived from the experiences of 21 nursing students (nine males, 12 females) about the research subject. The primary themes identified in the study were the student-related, patient-related, instructor-related, education environment-related, and curriculum-related barriers to patient educations. CONCLUSION: Participants believed that patient education in Iranian hospitals is faced with many challenges. Nursing instructors and curriculum planners should ensure more emphasis on patient education at the initial semesters of nursing education curriculum and make sure that it is included in the evaluation of students. Hospital officials should provide a dedicated education environment with suitable facilities, tools, and atmosphere for patient education. Also, special education programs need to be developed for less educated patients.
Atmosphere
;
Curriculum
;
Education
;
Education, Nursing
;
Education, Special
;
Humans
;
Iran*
;
Length of Stay
;
Male
;
Midwifery
;
Nursing*
;
Patient Education as Topic*
;
Qualitative Research
;
Research Subjects
;
Students, Nursing*
2.Evaluating the Effect of Family-Centered Intervention Program on Care Burden and Self-Efficacy of Hemodialysis Patient Caregivers Based on Social Cognitive Theory: A Randomized Clinical Trial Study
Leili RABIEI ; Ahmad Ali ESLAMI ; Mohammad ABBASI ; Seyed Mohammad AFZALI ; Seyed Masih HOSSEINI ; Reza MASOUDI
Korean Journal of Family Medicine 2020;41(2):84-90
Background:
Caregivers of hemodialysis patients spend a large amount of time providing care to these patients while tolerating fatigue and stress. This study evaluated a family-centered empowerment program on the care burden and self-efficacy of hemodialysis patient caregivers based on social cognitive theory.
Methods:
In this randomized clinical trial, 70 family caregivers of hemodialysis patients in Isfahan, Iran, were selected and randomly allocated to intervention and control groups, in 2015–2016. Two questionnaires were used to collect the family caregivers’ characteristics, care burden, and self-efficacy, and patients’ negative and positive outcomes expectancies. Data were analyzed using SPSS before, immediately after, and 2 months after the intervention.
Results:
There was no significant difference in the mean scores of care burden, positive outcomes expectancies, negative outcomes expectancies, and self-efficacy between the two groups before the intervention. However, there were significant differences in the post-test and follow-up data analyses (P<0.05).
Conclusion
Given the degenerative nature of chronic kidney disease, it can be considered as a source of long-term and chronic stress for caregivers. Therefore, by implementing an empowerment program, caregiving behaviors can be improved, positive outcomes expectancies can be increased, and negative outcomes expectancies can be reduced.
3.Therapeutic Outcomes of Pectoralis Major Muscle Turnover Flap in Mediastinitis.
Reza BAGHERI ; Mohammad Abbasi TASHNIZI ; Seyed Ziaollah HAGHI ; Maryam SALEHI ; Ata'ollah RAJABNEJAD ; Mohsen Hatami Ghale SAFA ; Mohammad VEJDANI
The Korean Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2015;48(4):258-264
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic results and safety of pectoralis major muscle turnover flaps in the treatment of mediastinitis after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) procedures. METHODS: Data regarding 33 patients with post-CABG deep sternal wound infections (DSWIs) who underwent pectoralis major muscle turnover flap procedures in the Emam Reza and Ghaem Hospitals of Mashhad, Iran were reviewed in this study. For each patient, age, sex, hospital stay duration, remission, recurrence, and associated morbidity and mortality were evaluated. RESULTS: Of the 2,447 CABG procedures that were carried out during the time period encompassed by our study, DSWIs occurred in 61 patients (2.5%). Of these 61 patients, 33 patients (nine females [27.3%] and 24 males [72.7%]) with an average age of 63+/-4.54 years underwent pectoralis major muscle turnover flap placement. Symptoms of infection mainly occurred within the first 10 days after surgery (mean, 10.24+/-13.62 days). The most common risk factor for DSWIs was obesity (n=16, 48.4%) followed by diabetes mellitus (n=13, 39.4%). Bilateral and unilateral pectoralis major muscle turnover flaps were performed in 20 patients (60.6%) and 13 patients (39.4%), respectively. Complete remission was achieved in 25 patients (75.7%), with no recurrence in the follow-up period. Four patients (12.1%) needed reoperation. The mean hospitalization time was 11.69+/-6.516 days. Four patients (12.1%) died during the course of the study: three due to the postoperative complication of respiratory failure and one due to pulmonary thromboembolism. CONCLUSION: Pectoralis major muscle turnover flaps are an optimal technique in the treatment of post-CABG mediastinitis. In addition to leading to favorable therapeutic results, this flap is associated with minimal morbidity and mortality, as well as a short hospitalization time.
Coronary Artery Bypass
;
Diabetes Mellitus
;
Female
;
Follow-Up Studies
;
Hospitalization
;
Humans
;
Iran
;
Length of Stay
;
Male
;
Mediastinitis*
;
Mortality
;
Obesity
;
Postoperative Complications
;
Pulmonary Embolism
;
Recurrence
;
Reoperation
;
Respiratory Insufficiency
;
Risk Factors
;
Wound Infection
4.A possible protective role for Bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy in urinary bladder cancer in the era of COVID-19: a brief report
Solmaz Ohadian MOGHADAM ; Behzad ABBASI ; Ali NOWROOZI ; Erfan AMINI ; Mohammad Reza NOWROOZI ; Seyed Ali MOMENI ; Hassan NIROOMAND
Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research 2021;10(2):191-195
Given the systemic immunogenic effects of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) therapy in patients with bladder cancer and its non-specific immunogenic effects in viral respiratory diseases, we aimed to study severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in bladder cancer patients with a history of BCG therapy. In the present study, all bladder cancer survivors with a history of BCG therapy were identified and included in the study according to the data recovered from the UORC (Uro-Oncology Research Center) registry database. These patients were followed up in terms of acquiring coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Among the studied patients, 102 eligible bladder cancer patients with a history of BCG therapy entered the study. The males constituted the majority of the patients (86.3%), and more than half of the study population (55.9%) were above 65 years old. Among the understudy patients, 12.7% were confirmed for COVID-19. The study results did not show a statistically significant association between the time and number of BCG therapy courses and SARS-CoV-2 infection. Although no statistically significant association was observed between receiving BCG therapy and developing COVID-19, the infection rate in patients who had recently received BCG therapy was lower than those who had received therapy more than a year ago.
5.The role of clinical pharmacy services in achieving treatment targets in Iranian haemodialysis patients.
Simin DASHTI-KHAVIDAKI ; Hossein KHALILI ; Sheida SHAHVERDI ; Mohammad-Reza ABBASI ; Mahboob LESSAN-PEZESHKI
Singapore medical journal 2012;53(9):599-603
INTRODUCTIONThe number of patients suffering from chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing worldwide. Hyperphosphataemia and high serum calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) product contribute to the substantial increase in cardiovascular events in CKD patients. Although reports of CKD complications in Iranian haemodialysis (HD) patients are comparable to data from other developed countries, management of these complications has failed to meet generally accepted targets. This study evaluated the impact of clinical pharmacy services in the management of complications in HD patients.
METHODSDuring a six-month prospective study, clinical pharmacists conducted medical visits in the HD ward and adjusted the patients' medications according to their laboratory findings.
RESULTSSerum Ca concentration was increased in hypocalcaemia patients and decreased in hypercalcaemia patients until it reached the optimal range in both groups. A decline in serum P level was noted in hyperphosphataemia patients, although it did not reach the target range. The Ca × P product decreased in patients with Ca × P > 55 mg2/dL2. Although it did not reach the goal, there was an increase and decrease in serum intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) concentration in suboptimal and supraoptimal range patients, respectively. Serum Ca, P and iPTH levels did not change in patients with optimal values at the initiation of the study. Haemoglobin concentration increased in anaemic patients and serum ferritin reached target values in all patients. Total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides decreased to near-optimal values in dyslipidaemia patients.
CONCLUSIONThis study showed that clinical pharmacy services at the HD centre can improve the management of complications in CKD patients.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anemia ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Bone Diseases, Metabolic ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Dyslipidemias ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Female ; Humans ; Iran ; Male ; Medication Adherence ; Middle Aged ; Pharmacy Service, Hospital ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Prospective Studies ; Reference Standards ; Renal Dialysis ; adverse effects ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ; complications ; therapy
6. Resistance status of main malaria vector, Anopheles stephensi Liston (Diptera: Culicidae) to insecticides in a malaria Endemic Area, Southern Iran
Madineh ABBASI ; Ahmad Ali HANAFI-BOJD ; Mohammad Reza YAGHOOBI-ERSHADI ; Hassan VATANDOOST ; Mohammad Ali OSHAGHI ; Mohammad Mehdi SEDAGHAT ; Hassan VATANDOOST ; Teimour HAZRATIAN ; Sajjad FEKRI ; Reza SAFARI ; Abdol Rasoul MOJAHEDI ; Yousef SALARI
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2019;12(1):38-42
Objective: To evaluate the susceptibility of Anopheles stephensi (An. stephensi) Liston, the main malaria vector in southern Iran, to WHO recommended insecticides. Methods: Larvae of An. stephensi were collected from three different larval habitats in both urban and rural area of Bandar Abbas city and one rural area in Rudan county southern Iran. WHO standard method was used for evaluation of adult and larval mosquito susceptibility. Bendiocarb, permethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, deltamethrin as insecticide and temephos and chlorpyriphos as larvicide were used at the diagnostic dosages recommended by WHO. Results: Findings of this study showed all larval populations of An. stephensi were completely susceptible to temephos and candidate for resistance to chlorpyriphos. Adult mosquitoes in rural areas of Bandar Abbas city were resistant to pyrethroid and carbamate insecticides. Conclusion: Comparison of the results of this survey with previous studies indicates that the resistance to pyrethroids and carbamates in this malaria endemic region is increasing. Wide use of pesticides in agriculture is certainly effective in increasing resistance. The inter-sectoral coordination and collaboration in health and agriculture seem to be necessary to manage insecticide resistance in malaria vectors.
7.Comparison of chest CT scan findings between COVID-19 and pulmonary contusion in trauma patients based on RSNA criteria: Established novel criteria for trauma victims.
Hossein ABDOLRAHIMZADEH FARD ; Salahaddin MAHMUDI-AZER ; Qusay ABDULZAHRAA YAQOOB ; Golnar SABETIAN ; Pooya IRANPOUR ; Zahra SHAYAN ; Shahram BOLANDPARVAZ ; Hamid Reza ABBASI ; Shiva AMINNIA ; Maryam SALIMI ; Mohammad Mehdi MAHMOUDI ; Shahram PAYDAR ; Roham BORAZJANI ; Ali TAHERI AKERDI ; Masome ZARE ; Leila SHAYAN ; Mohammadreza SASANI
Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2022;25(3):170-176
PROPOSE:
In this study, we re-assessed the criteria defined by the radiological society of North America (RSNA) to determine novel radiological findings helping the physicians differentiating COVID-19 from pulmonary contusion.
METHODS:
All trauma patients with blunt chest wall trauma and subsequent pulmonary contusion, COVID-19-related signs and symptoms before the trauma were enrolled in this retrospective study from February to May 2020. Included patients (Group P) were then classified into two groups based on polymerase chain reaction tests (Group Pa for positive patients and Pb for negative ones). Moreover, 44 patients from the pre-pandemic period (Group PP) were enrolled. They were matched to Group P regarding age, sex, and trauma-related scores. Two radiologists blindly reviewed the CT images of all enrolled patients according to criteria defined by the RSNA criteria. The radiological findings were compared between Group P and Group PP; statistically significant ones were re-evaluated between Group Pa and Group Pb thereafter. Finally, the sensitivity and specificity of each significant findings were calculated. The Chi-square test was used to compare the radiological findings between Group P and Group PP.
RESULTS:
In the Group PP, 73.7% of all ground-glass opacities (GGOs) and 80% of all multiple bilateral GGOs were detected (p < 0.001 and p = 0.25, respectively). Single bilateral GGOs were only seen among the Group PP. The Chi-square tests showed that the prevalence of diffused GGOs, multiple unilateral GGOs, multiple consolidations, and multiple bilateral consolidations were significantly higher in the Group P (p = 0.001, 0.01, 0.003, and 0.003, respectively). However, GGOs with irregular borders and single consolidations were more significant among the Group PP (p = 0.01 and 0.003, respectively). Of note, reticular distortions and subpleural spares were exclusively detected in the Group PP.
CONCLUSION
We concluded that the criteria set by RSNA for the diagnosis of COVID-19 are not appropriate in trauma patients. The clinical signs and symptoms are not always useful either. The presence of multiple unilateral GGOs, diffused GGOs, and multiple bilateral consolidations favor COVID-19 with 88%, 97.62%, and 77.7% diagnostic accuracy.
COVID-19
;
Contusions/diagnostic imaging*
;
Humans
;
Lead
;
Lung/diagnostic imaging*
;
Lung Injury/etiology*
;
Retrospective Studies
;
SARS-CoV-2
;
Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods*