Plant root hairs are commonly found artifacts in parasitology specimens and may be confused with helminthes by an untrained eye. We report a case of brain tuberculoma where the tissue sample was contaminated with root hair derived from tap water; the presence of this root hair, which mimicked a larva, led to diagnostic confusion. Therefore, tap water should be considered a source of root hair and vegetable matter.
Animals ; Brain Diseases/*diagnosis/pathology ; *Diagnostic Errors ; Helminthiasis/diagnosis ; Helminths/growth & development ; Humans ; Larva/anatomy & histology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Plant Roots/*anatomy & histology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Tuberculoma/*diagnosis/pathology ; Water

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive method that may increase the rehabilitation effects in stroke. The objective of the study was to test whether tDCS priming with training on an arm ergometer boosts motor performance in chronic stroke patients. Three chronic subcortical stroke patients had continued a sole unilateral stroke 30–36 months formerly. They had some voluntary control of the arm in the affected side underwent a cycling training on an arm ergometer for 20 minutes a day, during 5 days a week priming with cathodal tDCS stimulation of unaffected hemisphere. They were tested during 4 sessions 1 week before, at the beginning, at the end, and 1 week after the end of the training priming with tDCS. We executed; 1) Rivermead Motorik Assessment (global function, arm and leg), 2) the Modified Ashworth Scale of the elbow flexors and extensors, 3) the minimum torque on the lesion side, 4) grip strength, and 5) pegboard performance at each time of testing the patients. All patients tolerated tDCS very well during experiment. Patients showed significant (p = 0.01) improved of force and spasticity (p = 0.03). The grip strength and pegboard performance improved significantly too after DCS priming with training. These results showed that cathodal tDCS is a useful device for rehabilitation when priming with motor training in stroke patients. These patients proved the clinical relevance of the results.
Arm* ; Elbow ; Hand Strength ; Humans ; Methods ; Muscle Spasticity ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Paresis ; Pilot Projects* ; Rehabilitation ; Stroke ; Torque ; Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation*

No abstract available.
Anticoagulants ; Observational Study ; Venous Thrombosis ; Warfarin