1.Neurologic Complications in Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy.
Abbas BASIRI ; Mohammad Hossein SOLTANI ; Mohammadreza KAMRANMANESH ; Ali TABIBI ; Seyed Amir MOHSEN ZIAEE ; Akbar NOURALIZADEH ; Farzaneh SHARIFIAGHDAS ; Mahtab POORZAMANI ; Babak GHARAEI ; Ardalan OZHAND ; Alireza LASHAY ; Ali AHANIAN ; Alireza AMINSHARIFI ; Mehrdad Mohammadi SICHANI ; Mohammad ASL-ZARE ; Faramarz Mohammad ALI BEIGI ; Vahid NAJJARAN ; Mehdi ABEDINZADEH ; Mohammad Masoud NIKKAR
Korean Journal of Urology 2013;54(3):172-176
PURPOSE: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) has been the preferred procedure for the removal of large renal stones in Iran since 1990. Recently, we encountered a series of devastating neurologic complications during PCNL, including paraplegia and hemiplegia. There are several reports of neurologic complications following PCNL owing to paradoxical air emboli, but there are no reports of paraplegia following PCNL. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who had undergone PCNL in 13 different endourologic centers and retrieved data related to neurologic complications after PCNL, including coma, paraplegia, hemiplegia, and quadriplegia. RESULTS: The total number of PCNL procedures in these 13 centers was 30,666. Among these procedures, 11 cases were complicated by neurologic events, and four of these cases experienced paraplegia. All events happened with the patient in the prone position with the use of general anesthesia and in the presence of air injection. There were no reports of neurologic complications in PCNL procedures performed with the patient under general anesthesia and in the prone position and with contrast injection. CONCLUSIONS: It can be assumed that using room air to opacify the collecting system played a major role in the occurrence of these complications. Likewise, the prone position and general anesthesia may predispose to these events in the presence of air injection.
Anesthesia, General
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Coma
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Hemiplegia
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Humans
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Iran
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Medical Records
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Nephrostomy, Percutaneous
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Neurologic Manifestations
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Paraplegia
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Prone Position
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Retrospective Studies
2. Co-detection and isolation of Leishmania and Crithidia among naturally infected Tatera indica (Rodentia: Muridae) in Fars province, southern Iran
Mohsen KALANTARI ; Mohammad Hossein MOTAZEDIAN ; Qasem ASGARI ; Iraj MOHAMMADPOUR ; Aboozar SOLTANI ; Kourosh AZIZI
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2018;8(5):279-284
Objective: To explore the co-detection of natural infection of Trypanosomatidae parasites such as Leishmania and Crithidia in reservoir hosts of leishmaniasis. Methods: Rodent populations were monitored in two endemic foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis of Fars province, southern Iran from March to October 2016. Rodents were trapped alive in several parts of Shiraz and Kharameh cities. Afterwards, their organs were prepared for detection of Leishmania and Crithidia species by molecular, microscopic, and culture methods. Results: Totally, 115 rodents of five species; Tatera indica (T. indica) (85), Rattus rattus (12), Meriones libycus (9), Mus musculus (7), and Rattus norvegicus (2), were trapped alive and their tissue samples were examined using microscopic, cultivation, and molecular assays. Overall, 59 (51.3%) rodents were positive for Leishmania or Crithidia parasites. The highest rate (61.2%; 52/85) of Leishmania infection was related to the T. indica population. The cultivation, and molecular observations showed that two (2.4%; 2/85) of T. indica (foot-pad, and spleen samples) were positive to Crithidia. Conclusions: This is the first report of Crithidia infection in T. indica in Iran. Consequently, more epidemiological and ecological studies are needed to understand the role of Crithidia and Leishmania in T. indica.