Objective To explore the etiology, pathogenesis, syndrome differentiation and treatment for dengue fever according to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine ( TCM) . Methods A retrospective case analysis was carried out in 257 dengue fever patients admitted in 2013 by Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine. The clinical data of pathogenic features, TCM symptoms and signs, and therapeutic regimen were collected and analyzed. Results Six commonly-seen TCM syndrome patterns for dengue fever were classified into disease involving both defensive system and Qi system, excessive heat in defensive system, summer-heat and dampness stagnating the middle-jiao or attacking the exterior, excessive heat in both Qi system and blood system, pathogenic factors lodging between diaphragm and pleura, and mixture of blood stasis and toxicity, and the corresponding prescriptions were Yinqiao Powder, Chaige Jieji Decoction, Xinjia Xiangru Decoction, Qingwen Baidu Decoction, Dayuan Decoction, Xijiao Dihuang Decoction, respectively. Conclusion The TCM syndrome patterns of dengue fever in Guangzhou area are characterized as excessive heat in Qi system, complicated with nutrient and blood system syndrome, and mostly are blended with dampness. Correspondingly, the therapeutic principles should be clearing heat and removing toxicity in Qi system with cold-cool herbs, and assisting with cooling blood to clear heat in Qi system and removing dampness.

Objective To express the anti-IL-1βscfv and soluble TNF receptor 1 (sTNFR1),and analyze their bio-activities.Methods sTNFR1 was obtained by RT-PCR from the total RNA of HeLa cells,and fused with IL-1βscfv by the hinge fragment of IgG molecule.The fusion gene IL-1scfv:TNFR1 was cloned into the expression vector pET27b(+).The fusion protein was expressed and purified from inclusion bodies.Results The ELISA analysis showed that the fusion protein could bind hIL-1β and hTNF-α respectively in a dose-dependent manner,indicating that scfv and sTNFR in the fusion protein can form the correct spatial configuration.The dolt-blot analysis showed that the fusion protein could concurrently bind with hIL-1β and hTNF-α,indicating that the combination of the two parts of the fusion protein does not influence each other for binding to their target molecules.The bioactivity assay showed that the fusion protein could inhibit both the cytotoxicity of hTNF-α on L929 cells and hIL-1β-induced proliferation of L929 cells,indicating that the fusion protein has the ability to neutralize hTNF-α and hIL-1β.Conclusion A bispecific fusion protein IL-1scfv:TNFR1 was successfully constructed.The fusion protein has the ability to inhibit the biological activity of hTNF-α and hIL-1β,and provides a drug candidate for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and influencing factors of primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) combined with hypercoagulability in children. Methods The clinical data of 57 children with primary PNS were analyzed retrospectively. The clinical features and treatment were compared among high coagulation state group, non high coagulation state group and control group (20 children). At the same time, the differences between the simple nephrotic syndrome group (SNS) and nephritic syndrome group (NNS) in hypercoagulable state were analyzed. In addition, the correlation analysis was performed. Results Among 57 patients, there were 50 patients in high coagulation state group and 7 in non high coagulation state group. There was no significant difference in gender, age and clinical manifestations between two groups (P>0.05). The platelet (PLT) count, platelet aggregation (PCT), albumin (Alb), fibrinogen (Fib), D-dimer (D2) were significantly higher than those in the control group, and there were statistically significant differences (P all<0.01). There were significant differences in the levels of PLT, Fib, D2 and complement C4 between hypercoagulable state group and non hypercoagulable state group (P all<0.05). There were significant differences in HCT, TC, LDL, PT and complement C3 levels between SNS group (n = 32) and NNS group (n =18) in 50 patients with high coagulation state (P<0.05). There was positive correlation between HCT and complement C3 (r=0.30, P<0.05), while there was no correlation between PLT and other indices (P>0.05). All of the 57 patients were improved and has no thrombosis after the treatment. Conclusion Children with primary PNS were usually associated with different degrees of hypercoagulable state, and PLT, Fib, D2 could be used as reference indices for the severity of hypercoagulable state, and the activation of complement system might be related to the occurrence and development of hypercoagulable state.

Aim To study the effect of PA on the proliferation and maturation of cord blood derived DC in vitro. Methods The monocytes were isolated from human umbilical cord blood and cultured with PA, GM-CSF+IL-4+TNF-?(GTI), GTI+PA (GTIP), respectively. On day 7 of cultivation, the CD1a, CD83,HLA-DR and CD34 antigens expression of cells were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Result The cells with typical morphological properties of DC can be observed with electron microscope among PA, GTI and GTIP groups. The CD1a and CD83 positive rates of PA group increased significantly, reaching 19.63%?3.61% and 14.52%?5.79% respectively, much higher than that of the control. In addition, compared with GIT group, the positive rate in GTIP group has increased remarkably. Conclusion PA does not only promote the proliferation and maturation of cord blood derived DC, but also cooperate with GTI to enhance the production of DC. PA is a useful activator of DC.

BACKGROUND:There are abundant cel populations in the placenta that attracts more and more attentions because of high content of CD34+cel s. It is expected to become a new source of hematopoietic stem cel s for the treatment of hematologic diseases and other malignant diseases.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the amount of cel s derived from placenta, their colony forming ability, and their chimerism analysis.
METHODS:Five placentas obtained from five healthy ful-term cesarean women were treated with perfusion method and tissue digestion for the cel col ection. Flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of CD34+cel s in the placenta and cord blood, fol owed by the culture of cel colonies as wel as regular observation of cel morphology and counting. PCR amplification with sequence-specific primers and sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes were used to examine HLA type of placenta, umbilical cord blood, and maternal peripheral blood;Short tandem repeat PCR was used for chimerism analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There were more CD34+cel s in the placenta than in the umbilical cord blood. The placenta had good ability to form multiple colonies in vitro, and there were maternal source components in the placenta. It is concluded that the amount of cel s in the placenta and their biological functions exhibit the potential use of placenta as a new source of hematopoietic stem cel s.

AIM: To study the role of nitric oxide ( NO ) and γ-aminobutyric acid ( GABA) in the formation of amblyopia by establishing 2 different types of amblyopic models.METHODS:A total of 18 aged 3-week kittens were randomly divided into monocular deprivation, strabismus and normal groups. All types of amblyopia were developed in the experimental eyes that were detected by P-VEP 12wk later. The cats were killed and the immunocytochemistry staining method were applied to observe under the light microscope the changes of distribution and positive cells areas of NO and GABA across the amblyopic retinal, compared to that from the normal cats of identical age.
RESULTS: The P-VEP showed that the amplitude of wave P1 was lower (P<0. 05) and the P1 latent time was longer ( P<0. 05 ) in two types of amblyopic cats than those in the normal cats. Compared to the normal cats, the NO and GABA positive cells areas were obviously reduced ( P<0. 05 ) across the retina in the amblyopic cats. But no significant difference was found between two kinds of amblyopic cats.
CONCLUSION:The NO and GABA play an important role in the formation of amblyopia in the level of retinal.

Objective To investigate the effect of mild hypothermia on neuroprotection and prognosis prediction of rats with traumatic brain injury (TBI) by dynamically monitoring the somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) and quantitative electroencephalogram (QEEG).Methods Forty healthy adult male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups according to random number table,ie,normal control group (with no intervention),sham operation group (fenestration only,without drilling),TBI group (fluid percussion was used to produce moderate to severe TBI),and mild hypothemia group (ice blanket was used immediately after TBI for continuous physical cooling and rectal temperature was maintained at 32-35℃ and rewarmed to 37℃ 6 hours after the initiation of cooling),with 10 rats per group.Changes of SEP and QEEG in all groups were monitored at 6,24 hours,and 7 days after TBI.Results (1) Compared with TBI group,the latency of SEP waves (P1 and N1) on the injured side in mild hypothemia group began to shorten at 24 hours(P ＜ 0.05) and were close to that in the sham operation group at 7 days.(2) Except for normal control group and sham operation group,QEEG in TBI group showed decrease of α rhythm,increase of reactivity slow waves,and decrease or disappearance of QEEG relative power spectral values at all time points.In mild hypothermia group,the reactivity slow waves were decreased with a small amount of α wave; QEEG relative power spectral values were increased at 24 hours and 7 days (especially at 24 hours),but werc still lower than those in normal control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Mild hypothermia exerts neuroprotective effect through reducing SEP latency,raising relative power spectral values of QEEG,and improving the nerve conduction and brain electrical activity of the injured side.

Currently, chemotherapy is one of the main therapy for cancer. But the traditional antitumor drugs are systemic distribution in vivo, they are difficult to achieve an effective drug concentration in the tumor tissue and don't have the ability to distinguish normal cells and tumor cells by themselves, that cause systemic toxicity easily and can not meet the clinical needs. With the research on mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) deepening, more and more attention in the drug delivery system have been payed to in recent years, because of its unique physicochemical structure characteristics, it has the effect on specific targets, directly inhibits the tumor cell growth, reduces the side effects to normal cells, tissues and organs and can be long-term medication, etc. It is expected to be excellent carriers of antitumor drugs. MSNs application in the field of cancer treatment has now become a hot research field of medicine. In this paper, the latest research about MSNs in antitumor drugs targeting delivery system from 2008 to 2015 is summarized, including the application of MSNs separately in antitumor drug targeting, passive targeting, active targeting, physical or chemical conditions response targeting and other compound targeting drug delivery system. We expect it to provide a reference to the toxicity reducing and efficacy enhancing and further development of chemical medicine, natural medicine and monomeric compound of chinese herbal medicine.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Drug Delivery Systems ; methods ; trends ; Humans ; Nanoparticles ; chemistry ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Silicon Dioxide ; chemistry

Objective To explore whether the phosphorylation of NF-κB P65 subunit is involved in the cytotoxicity to and inflammation in an immortal human keratinocyte cell line HaCaT during cobalt chloride (CoCl2-induced chemical hypoxia. Methods HaCaT cells were treated with CoCl2 of 2 mmol/L to set up a chemical hypoxia-induced cell model of injury. Then, RNA interference was used to down-regulate the expression of P65 in CoCl2-induced HaCaT cells. After additional culture, cell viability was tested by cell counting kit8 (CCK-8), the levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 8 (IL-8) were detected by ELISA kits, phosphorylated and total P65 protein was measured by Western blot. Results The exposure of HaCaT cells to 2 mmol/L CoCl2 for 0 to 4 hours enhanced the phosphorylation of P65, which began at 0.5 hour, peaked at 1.5 hours, and restored to the normal level at 4 hours, and the level of P65 phosphorylation was about 6.6 times that in the untreated control group. The CoCl2 of 2 mmol/L decreased the cell viability of HaCaT cells in a time dependent manner, and a significant difference was observed in the viability of HaCaT cells between CoCl2-treated and untreated HaCaT cells at 2, 4, and 6 hours (P ＜ 0.05, 0.01, 0.01 ). The release of IL-6 and IL-8 from HaCaT cells was also promoted by CoCl2 treatment. The knockdown of P65 expression with siRNA markedly suppressed the CoCl2-induced cytotoxicity to and increase in the release of IL-6 and IL-8 from HaCaT cells,despite of an increment in cell viability by about 11%. Conclusion The phosphorylated P65 subunit mediates CoCl2-induced cytotoxicity and inflammatory injury to HaCaT cells.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of liver enzyme between acute graft-versushost disease (aGVHD) and non-aGVHD groups after allogeneic hematopoietie stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Methods The liver enzyme data of patients with or without aGVHD was analyzed. Results Among the 371 patients, 158 developed aGVHD(41.6%) with a median time of 29. 5 d. In non-aGVHD group, the median elevating times of ALT, AST, GGT, LDH were all ≤ 20 d after transplantation, which were significantly earlier than those of aGVHD group. The peak value of AST was much higher in aGVHD group, but the remaining liver enzyme showed no significant difference. In aGVHD group, the duration of AST, GGT and LDH was significantly longer than the non-occurrence of aGVHD group, but ALT and ALP showed no difference in duration. In ALT, AST, ALP and LDH elevating group, the occurrence rate of aGVHD was significantly higher, but only ALT and LDH elevation could enter logistic regression model. The sensitivity and veracity of ALT or LDH elevating only were not very good for the diagnosis of aGVHD, but if ALT and LDH beth elevated after day 24 and persisted more than 22 d, the sensitivity and veracity were better. Conclusions The change of liver enzyme is common in allo-HSCT and associates with the occurrence of aGVHD, and the liver enzyme elevating only may not be a good diagnostic index of aGVHD. If the dynamic characteristics of liver enzyme is taken into account and the effect of drug-induced liver injury could be excluded, the elevation of liver enzyme still have the diagnostic value of aGVHD.