PURPOSE: Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI), a highly prevalent behavior in adolescents, refers to the direct destruction of one's body tissue without suicidal intent. To date, the prevalence of adolescent self-injury in South Korea and its associated factors remain unknown. This study aims to determine the prevalence of self-injury in Korean adolescents as well as its associated factors. METHODS: We assessed 717 middle school students by means of an anonymous self-report survey. Information about demographic characteristics, lifestyle, anxiety and depression, self-esteem, and parenting behavior was obtained. Data were analyzed using χ² test, t-test and multiple logistic regression. RESULTS: NSSI was reported by 8.8% of respondents. Univariate analyses showed associations of exposure to alcohol use, anxiety, depression, self-esteem, and parenting methods with self-injury. In multiple analyses, alcohol use, anxiety, and parental abuse were associated with lifetime self-injury. CONCLUSION: The rate of NSSI in the South Korea was found to be lower than those of other countries. As our study suggests that alcohol use, anxiety, and parental abuse are associated with lifetime self-injury, health care providers at school should take these factors into account when developing prevention and intervention programs for adolescents.
Adolescent* ; Anonyms and Pseudonyms ; Anxiety ; Depression ; Drinking ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Korea ; Life Style ; Logistic Models ; Parenting ; Parents ; Prevalence ; Self-Injurious Behavior ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Purpose: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify trends in nursing ethics education research for Korean nursing students and nurses. Methods: The data search was conducted in July 2020; domestic and foreign academic journals were targeted for the search. A combination of search terms was entered into major databases, and the year of publishing was limited to the last 10 years (2010~2020). Results: The systematic review analyzed 25 experimental and 13 non-experimental studies, and education methods included lectures, discussions, role play, film-use classes related to nursing ethics, action learning, and case-based learning. The meta-analysis of 12 studies revealed that ethical education has significant differences in effect size of biomedical ethics, critical thinking, moral judgment, and moral sensitivity. A subgroup analysis of education methods showed that in addition to traditional lecture and discussion education methods, there were significant differences in the effect size of sense of biomedical ethics between the following two methods: lecture and discussion including additional methods and lecture and discussion only. Conclusion Ethics education for nursing students and nurses has been found to be effective in improving ethics-related competencies, and various teaching methods other than lectures and discussions must be utilized.

An omental infarctions is an uncommon cause of an acute abdomen and a rare entity in children. The etiology is still unclear and the symptoms mimic acute appendicitis. We recently encountered a case of a 10-year-old boy who had a previous surgical history of a manual reduction for intussusception. He complained of abdominal pain and right upper quadrant tenderness without fever or anorexia. An abdominal ultrasonography suggested an omental infarction and computed tomography confirmed the diagnosis. Conservative management was adopted with a rapid and uneventful recovery. Non-operative treatment is a safe and effective treatment of choice for omental infarction.
Abdomen, Acute ; Abdominal Pain ; Anorexia ; Appendicitis ; Child ; Fever ; Humans ; Hydrazines ; Infarction ; Intussusception

PURPOSE: This study was done to analyze qualitative research published in the Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration (JKANA). METHODS: Selected studies included 38 qualitative studies in which an interview was used and which were published in JKANA from 1995 to 2016 (22 years). Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ), a reporting guideline for analysis of qualitative research was employed. RESULTS: Items that were included in less than half of the selected studies were as follows: interviewers' credentials, occupation, gender, and relationship established with participants in the 1st domain; non-participants, presence of non-participants, and transcripts returned in the 2nd domain; participant checking in the 3rd domain. CONCLUSION: Findings indicate that future challenges face JKANA qualitative researchers. First, the expansion of qualitative research should be ensured to explain complex interaction between humans and the environment. Second, a variety of qualitative research methods should be considered to enhance understanding of nursing fields. Third, research procedures should be described more precisely to increase transparency of research results. Fourth, not only personal information on the researcher but also how subjective opinions of the researcher reflected in the research process should be explained in detail to clarify the relationship between researchers and participants.
Humans ; Nursing* ; Occupations ; Publications* ; Qualitative Research*

Herpes zoster is caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), which affects nerve ganglions. VZV infection may be associated with neurologic complications, which are usually observed after vesicular exanthem. Acute aseptic meningitis is a rare complication of VZV reactivation. We report the case of a previously healthy 14-year-old boy who suffered from aseptic meningitis that was attributed to reactivated VZV infection with exanthem; the patient had undergone vaccination against varicella. This condition can be confirmed by the detection of VZV DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid. The patient was treated with acyclovir and recovered fully.
Acyclovir ; Adolescent ; Chickenpox ; DNA ; Exanthema ; Ganglion Cysts ; Herpes Zoster ; Herpesvirus 3, Human ; Humans ; Meningitis, Aseptic ; Vaccination

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines in children aged 5–11 years, a rapid systematic review was conducted on published clinical trials of COVID-19 vaccines and studies that analyzed real-world data on adverse events after COVID-19 vaccination. Methods: A systematic search was conducted on medical literature in international (Ovid-MEDLINE) and pre-published literature databases (medRxiv), followed by handsearching up to January 4, 2022. We used terms including COVID-19, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, and vaccines, and the certainty of evidence was graded using the GRADE approach. Results: A total of 1,675 studies were identified, of which five were finally selected. Among the five studies, four consisted of data from clinical trials of each of the four types of COVID-19 vaccines (BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, CoronaVac, and BBIBP-CorV). The remaining study consisted of real-world data on the safety of the BNT162b2 vaccine in children aged 5–11 years. This systematic review identified that COVID-19 vaccines in recipients aged 5–11 years produced a favorable immune response, and were vaccines were effective against COVID-19. The safety findings for the BNT162b2 vaccine in children and early adolescents aged 5–11 years were similar to those data noted in the clinical trial. Conclusions There is limited data on COVID-19 vaccines in children aged 5–11 years.Consequently continuous and comprehensive monitoring is necessary for the evaluation of the safety and effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccines.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess exposure to traumatic events, knowledge and attitudes concerning post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the level of resilience among nurses and paramedics working in emergency departments. Methods: Data were collected from May 22 to June 12, 2022, using a self-administered survey questionnaire. The participants comprised 135 nurses and 80 paramedics working in emergency departments. The collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, a t-test, and an analysis of variance with Scheffé’s test. Results: Compared with emergency room nurses, paramedics were more positive about the government’s spending on job opportunities for people with PTSD. There were no significant differences in attitude regarding government strategies and people with PTSD between nurses and paramedics. Paramedics had higher scores on the effective treatment for PTSD, while emergency room nurses showed higher scores on effective psychotherapy. General knowledge of PTSD differed according to sex (t=-2.33, p=.021) and education level (F=3.21, p=.042). Resilience scores differed significantly according to sex (t=2.02, p=.045), education level (F=4.10, p=.018), self-reported economic state (F=10.34, p<.001), and self-reported health (F=11.57, p<.001). Conclusion The findings support that emergency department nurses and paramedics are in need of self-care programs to support their mental health and indicate that intervention programs should be developed to enhance resilience in emergency department professionals.

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the financial performance research trends in medical institutions and to suggest the necessity and future research direction for financial management from the perspective of nursing organizations. Methods: Financial performance research in medical institutions was extracted by combining the keywords ‘finance’, ‘nursing’, ‘medical’, and ‘hospital’ in three domestic and foreign online databases. 55 studies were finally extracted. Results: Of the 55 studies selected, 41.8% have been published after 2010, and 79.6% have been published in Korea. 83.6% of the studies used financial statements, and 74.5% used the financial ratio. Among the studies on the use of financial statements, 40 balance sheets and 41 profit and loss statements were used. Conclusion There were some limitations in deriving implications for financial performance management at the level of nursing organization. When establishing strategies for future financial performance improvement, it is recommended to prioritize nursing cost optimization and profitability enhancement at the nursing organization level.

Background/Aims: The effectiveness of remdesivir treatment in reducing mortality and the requirement for mechanical ventilation (MV) remains uncertain, as randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have produced conflicting results. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and other data resources to find RCTs published prior to April 10, 2023. The selection of studies, assessment of risk of bias, and meta-analysis were conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. The primary outcomes were all-cause mortality and the need to initiate MV. Results: A total of 5,068 articles were screened, from eight RCTs comprising 11,945 patients. The meta-analysis found that, compared to standard care or placebo, remdesivir treatment provided no significant all-cause mortality benefit (pooled risk ratio [RR], 0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.85–1.02; 8 studies; high certainty evidence), while subgroup analyses revealed a trend towards reduced mortality among patients requiring oxygen but not MV (pooled RR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.77–1.00; 6 studies; I2 = 4%). The need to initiate MV (pooled RR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.59–0.94; 7 studies; moderate certainty evidence) in remdesivir-treated patients was also reduced compared to controls. Remdesivir significantly increased clinical improvement and discharge and significantly reduced serious adverse events. Conclusions In this systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs, it was found that remdesivir treatment did not show a substantial decrease in the risk of mortality. However, it was linked to a reduction in the necessity for additional ventilatory support, suggesting remdesivir could be beneficial for COVID-19 patients, particularly those who are not on MV.

Background: As the survival rate of cancer patients increases, the clinical importance of rehabilitation provided by healthcare professionals also increases. However, the evidence supporting the relevance of rehabilitation programs is insufficient. This study aimed to review the literature on effectiveness in physical function, quality of life (QOL) or fatigue of supervised physical rehabilitation in patients with advanced cancer. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted following the Cochrane guidelines. We narratively described the results when meta-analysis was not applicable or appropriate. Literature databases including Ovid-MEDLINE, Ovid-EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library, as well as several Korean domestic databases, were searched up to June 2017 for studies that investigated the effectiveness of supervised physical rehabilitation programs on physical function, QOL or fatigue in patients with advanced cancer. The quality of the selected studies was evaluated independently by paired reviewers. Results: Eleven studies with 922 participants were finally selected among 2,459 articles. The meta-analysis revealed that after physical exercise, the physical activity level and strength of patients with advanced cancer increased significantly. The QOL showed a statistically significant improvement after physical rehabilitation according to the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer version C30. Though some of measurements about cardiovascular endurance or strength in several studies were not able to be synthesized, each study reported that they were significantly improved after receiving rehabilitation. Conclusion Supervised physical rehabilitation for patients with advanced cancer is effective in improving physical activity, strength, and QOL. However, more trials are needed to prove the effectiveness of supervised exercise and to strengthen the evidence.