No abstract available.
Adult* ; Cytarabine* ; Cytosine* ; Humans ; Leukemia* ; Mitoxantrone*

No abstract available.
Drug Therapy* ; Etoposide* ; Humans ; Leukemia* ; Mitoxantrone*

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of oral cryotherapy on oral mucositis in the patients who receiving high-dose ARA-C plus Mitoxantrone chemotherapy regimen. There were total of ten patients who received the chemotherapy regimen for 13 months ; 5 patients for the experimental group, while the others for the control group. The tool used for assess degree of oral mucositis was the Oral Assessment Guide(OAG) which was developed by Elier, Burger, Peterson in 1988. []The experimental group received oral cryotherapy range from 30minutes before the Mitroxantrone IV infusing to 30minutes after the high-dose ARA-C IV infusing. The control group was not treated by oral cryotherapy. The effect of this treatment was analyzed with the OAG score. The collected data were analysed with, mean, Mann-Whitney U test and Chi-square test according to characteristics of variables. The results were as follows : 1. There were no statistical difference in general characteristics(age, sex, cycle of the chemotherapy, smoking, alcohol) between the two groups, so the homogeneity of two groups was established. There were no differences in the OAG Scores between the two groups statistically. 2. The subjects of this study suffered the neutropenia from 5.6 days to 24.6 days after starting chemotherapy. During the neutropenia period the average OAG scores in the experimental group were lower than that of the control group(experimental group was 9.17+/-1.91, control group was 9.33+/-1.10). 3. The mean OAG of experimental group for 21 days was 204.72+/-20.61, while the mean of control group for 21 days was 206.23+/-15.97. There were, however, no differences between the experimental and the control groups statistically. The subjects of the experimental group expressed more comfortable oral condition than those of the past cycle and they would like to try oral cryotherapy again for the next chemotherapy. The subjects of this study suffered the neutropenia from 5.6 days to 24.6 days after starting chemotherapy. During the neutropenia period the average OAG scores in the experimental group were lower than that of the control group(experimental group was 9.17, control group was 9.33). 5 subjects of the study group complained of numbness, 3 subjects complained of slight headache, and 2 subjects expressed teeth and abdominal discomfort. However, these signs occurred temporarily and were resolved rapidly after cessation of the cryotherapy. It was I recommended that replication with larger sample.
Cryotherapy* ; Cytarabine ; Drug Therapy* ; Headache ; Humans ; Hypesthesia ; Mitoxantrone ; Neutropenia ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Stomatitis* ; Tooth

This study sought to clarify the molecular location and the interaction between mitoxantrone and mitoxantrone transforsomes. The anthraquinone of mitoxantrone, a heterocyclic ring that intercalates in the lipid of bilayer, was determined by UV-spectrophotometry and electron probes scan microscopy. Two aminoethylamino side-chains of the drugs fit to the phosphates of lecithin were determined by 8-value, thus the interaction with lecithin was substantiated. Differential scanning calorimetry confirmed that mitoxantrone has remarkable stabilizing effect on the mitoxantrone transforsomes membrane. The mitoxantrone binds tightly to lecithin. So a high degree of encapsulation efficiency and the sustained-release character of mitoxantrone transforsomes are verified.
Anthraquinones ; chemistry ; Calorimetry, Differential Scanning ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; chemistry ; Lecithins ; chemistry ; Mitoxantrone ; chemistry ; Spectrophotometry

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of therapy-related cardiotoxicity in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients treated with mitoxantrone and to identify potential predictors for individual risk assessment. METHODS: Within a multicenter retrospective cohort design, cardiac side effects attributed to mitoxantrone were analyzed in 639 MS patients at 2 MS centers in Germany. Demographic, disease, treatment, and follow-up data were collected from hospital records. Patients regularly received cardiac monitoring during the treatment phase. RESULTS: None of the patients developed symptomatic congestive heart failure. However, the frequency of patients experiencing cardiac dysfunction of milder forms after mitoxantrone therapy was 4.1% (26 patients) among all patients. Analyses of the risk for cardiotoxicity revealed that cumulative dose exposure was the only statistically relevant risk factor associated with cardiac dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS: The number of patients developing subclinical cardiac dysfunction below the maximum recommended cumulative dose is higher than was initially assumed. Interestingly, a subgroup of patients was identified who experienced cardiac dysfunction shortly after initiation of mitoxantrone and who received a low cumulative dose. Therefore, each administration of mitoxantrone should include monitoring of cardiac function to enhance the treatment safety for patients and to allow for early detection of any side effects, especially in potential high-risk subgroups (as determined genetically).
Cohort Studies* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Germany ; Heart Failure ; Hospital Records ; Humans ; Mitoxantrone* ; Multiple Sclerosis* ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVE: Assessment of health-related quality of life in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has become important in health research. Health economists have used linear regression equations to mathematically transform changes in HAQ scores into EQ5D data, which can be used to calculate quality adjusted life years (QALYs). We aimed to examine whether a given approach is justified. METHODS: A total of 223 patients with RA were recruited from the Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases at Hanyang University. They completed the HAQ and EQ5D and a correlation analysis was performed between the two instruments. We compared HAQ and EQ5D score changes for patients who completed the EQ5D and HAQ at first and second visits (n=159). Predicted EQ5D was estimated from the HAQ using the calculating method of Bansnack et al. The mean difference between the predicted EQ5D from the HAQ and observed health utility score at the first visit and change during the study were tested by the paired t-test. RESULTS: In the cross-sectional study, EQ5D scores were moderately inversely correlated with HAQ (r=-0.716, p<0.001). However, the predicted EQ5D from the HAQ was significantly different from the observed EQ5D (p=0.001; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.020~0.079). The change in EQ5D was also inversely correlated with the change in the HAQ (r=-0.615, p<0.001), and change in the predicted EQ5D scores corresponded well with changes in observed health utility scores (p=0.155; 95% CI (-0.0873~0.0140). CONCLUSION: Changes in predicted EQ5D corresponded with observer changes in EQ5D, suggesting that it may be better to use predicted EQ5D form HAQ to identify change in the quality of life.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Mitoxantrone ; Quality of Life ; Quality-Adjusted Life Years ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Rheumatic Diseases

PURPOSE: Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a phenomenon whereby tumor cells acquire resistance to a broad range of structurally and functionally diverse chemotherapeutic drugs. The most widely implicated mechanism of MDR is that concerned with altered membrane transporters in tumor cells. P-glycoprotein (Pgp), multidrug resistance protein (MRP), and breast-cancer-resistance protein (BCRP) are well-known membrane transporters that pump out antitumor agents by using an ATP-dependent process, the so-called ATP-binding cassette (ABC) superfamily or transporter. This study was undertaken to test the prevalence of each ABC transporter and to determine which transporter has functional acitivity in various colon cancer cells. METHODS: Expressions of Pgp, MRP, and BCRP mRNA were determined in 9 colon-cancer cell lines by using an RT-PCR assay. The sensitivity to anticancer agents substrate for each ABC transporter in the colon cancer cells determined using an MTT assay. The accumulation of fluorescent compounds for functional detection of each ABC transporter was determined by using flow cytometry. RESULTS: Pgp mRNA was variably expressed in 6 of 9 colon cancer cells lines. MRP and BCRP mRNA were expressed in all the 9 cell lines. A smaller cytotoxic effect to paclitaxel and a smaller amount of rhodamine123 accumulation were observed in Colo 320HSR expressing the highest levels of Pgp than in SNU-C5 not expressing Pgp. These effects in Colo320HSR were reversed with the addition of various Pgp inhibitors, but such a reversal did not occur in SNU-C5. The cytotoxic effect to VP-16 was not related to the expression levels of MRP in Colo320HSR and SNU-C, but the amount of calcein-AM accumulation was reversed with addition of probenecid, MRP inhibitor. The cytotoxic effect and the drug accumulation of mitoxantrone were not related to the expression levels of BCRP. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that of the ABC transporters, primarily Pgp and MRP have functional activity in colon cancer cell lines.
Antineoplastic Agents ; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters* ; Cell Line ; Colon* ; Colonic Neoplasms* ; Drug Resistance, Multiple* ; Etoposide ; Flow Cytometry ; Membrane Transport Proteins ; Mitoxantrone ; P-Glycoprotein ; Paclitaxel ; Prevalence ; Probenecid ; RNA, Messenger

Radiation recall dermatitis is the development of an inflammatory reaction in the previously irradiated area, precipitated by the administration of certain drugs. A 54-year-old man was diagnosed with follicular lymphoma, grade 3 and stage 3. Cancer recurred two years after complete remission obtained by chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Therefore, he was again treated with fludarabine and mitoxantrone for five cycles, then underwent an allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT). The patient started to receive methotrexate the day after PBSCT. On the day of the first methotrexate administration, the patient developed erythematous erosions with pruritus and severe pain in the previously irradiated area. The skin lesion resolved almost completely after dressing with topical antibiotics and wet dressing with 0.3% aluminium solution for 2 weeks. We report a case of radiation recall dermatitis in a patient with follicular lymphoma that occurred after receiving methotrexate.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bandages ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Follicular ; Methotrexate* ; Middle Aged ; Mitoxantrone ; Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; Pruritus ; Radiodermatitis* ; Radiotherapy ; Skin

PURPOSE: The prognosis of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is disappointing for patients who experience primary treatment failure or relapse after an initial response. Patients in relapse may respond again to chemotherapy, however the time to disease progression becomes shorter and eventually the disease becomes resistant. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the MINE regimen in the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory NHL. Material and Methods: Forty-three pretreated patients with a median age of 56 years were enrolled into the study between October 1995 and June 2000. Most patients (60.5%) had a performance status of 0 to 1, and a diffuse large cell subtype (55.8%). Seventy-four percent of patients had stage III or IV disease at the start of MINE treatment. Eighteen (41.9%) patients had complete response, 5 (11.6%) had partial response, and 20 (46.5%) had failed to respond to prior therapy. Ifosfamide 4 g/m2 was divided over 3 days and administered IV over a 1 hour period. Mitoxantrone 8 mg/m2 was administered as a short IV infusion on day 1. Etoposide (65 mg/m2/day) was infused over 1 hour on days 1 to 3. A total of 144 cycles was administered, with a mean of 3.34 cycles per patient (range, 1-8). The mean relative dose intensity was 87.4%. RESULTS: 1) Nine patients achieved a complete response and nine patients achieved a partial response, resulting in an overall response rate of 43.8% of the 41 assessable patients. 2) The median survival time was 6 months (95% CI, 4 to 8 months), and the median time to failure was 5 months (95% CI, 3 to 7 months). 3) A statistically significant association with complete response rates was found for complete response to prior therapy (p=0.049). The significant factors for overall survival were a complete response after MINE chemotherapy and serum 2-microglobulin (p=0.003, p=0.012, respectively). The significant factors for time to treatment failure were a complete response after MINE chemotherapy and serum 2-microglobulin (p=0.003, p=0.044, respectively). 4) The main result of toxicity of MINE was bone marrow suppression. CONCLUSION: The response to MINE chemotherapy and serum 2-microglobulin were both independent prognostic factors for overall survival and time to treatment failure. As the median time to treatment failure for complete responses was 14 months, the best use of this regimen could be in a strategy that includes prompt consolidation of a complete response with intense chemotherapy, with or without hematopoietic stem cell rescue.
Bone Marrow ; Disease Progression ; Drug Therapy* ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Etoposide ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; Humans ; Ifosfamide* ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin* ; Mitoxantrone* ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Time-to-Treatment ; Treatment Failure

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men in United States and the fifth most common cancer in men in Korea. Although the majority of patients with metastatic prostate cancer initially respond to androgen deprivation therapy, almost all patients will eventually progress to develop castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Treatment options for CRPC remain limited. Prostate cancer was considered unresponsive to chemotherapy until the mid-1990s, when mitoxantrone combined with prednisone was shown to play a role in the palliative treatment of patients with CRPC. In 2004, two large randomized clinical trials demonstrated for the first time a small but significant survival advantage of docetaxel-based chemotherapy compared with mitoxantrone in patients with metastatic CRPC. Recently, cabazitaxel was shown to improve survival in patients with metastatic CRPC who progressed after docetaxel-based chemotherapy. Sipuleucel-T was also demonstrated to improve overall survival in patients with asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic metastatic CRPC. Along with mitoxantrone and docetaxel, cabazitaxel and sipuleucel-T are now approved for use in metastatic CRPC by the US Food and Drug Administration. There have been multiple early-phase clinical trials of various agents for the treatment of CRPC, and some are in phase III development. This review focuses on the key clinical trials of various treatment options of CRPC currently in use and under investigation.
Humans ; Imidazoles ; Immunotherapy ; Korea ; Male ; Mitoxantrone ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Nitro Compounds ; Palliative Care ; Prednisone ; Prostate ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Taxoids ; Tissue Extracts ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration