The prevalence rate of pterygium in Papua New Guinea (PNG) is as high as 15%. Recurrence rates up to 50% are encountered after primary excision. In a country such as PNG where resources in terms of funds and manpower are limited, a simple procedure had to be identified to reduce this alarmingly high rate of pterygium recurrence. This article compares the results of a randomized masked study involving the single intraoperative application of 0.02% mitomycin C solution in 65 eyes undergoing surgery for recurrent pterygium using the bare sclera technique with a similar group of 65 patients in which the drug was not used. The results indicate that a single intraoperative application of mitomycin C solution was enough to reduce the recurrence rate of pterygium to 3% in the treated group as compared to 48% in the untreated group at the end of a 12-month follow-up. In the study it was also seen that, in PNG, pterygia were more common in females and that recurrences tended to occur early and were obvious in the first few weeks following surgery.
Antibiotics, Antineoplastic - therapeutic use ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intraoperative Care ; Mitomycin - therapeutic use ; Papua New Guinea ; Prevalence

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the application of mitomycin in laryngeal surgery. METHOD: Retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 48 patients who had vocal cord lesion involving anterior commissure. The treatment of 30 patients treated with microsurgery and external application of mitomycin, while that of the others were only done with microsurgery. RESULT: Among the 30 patients who were treated with microsurgery and mitomycin, only 2 patients of which showed slight adhesion of anterior commissure after surgery. While in the group of microsurgery, there were 6 patients who had adhesion of anterior commissure adhesion after surgery. CONCLUSION Mitomycin could prevent vocal adhesion after laryngeal surgery.
Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Laryngoscopy ; methods ; Larynx ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mitomycin ; therapeutic use ; Retrospective Studies

To increase the success rate of intraocular pressure control in recalcitrant glaucoma, anterior chamber tube shunt to a surgical membrane (ACTSSM) surgery using silicone tube and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE) can be performed. Applying mitomycin C (MMC) during ACTSSM surgery may increase the success rate by decreasing the fibroblast proliferation and collagen in the fibrous capsule. To evaluate the effects of MMC on the fibrous capsule formed after ACTSSM surgery, operations were performed on 18 white rabbits. Nine rabbits were treated with 0.04% MMC solution on the episclera for 5 minutes before ACTSSM (group A) and the others were not treated (group B). At postoperative 2, 4 and 8 weeks successively, 6 eyes of the 3 rabbits were enucleated from each group. Light microscopic examinations were performed after hematoxylin
Animals ; Anterior Chamber/pathology/*surgery ; Glaucoma/*surgery ; Intraocular Pressure/drug effects ; Mitomycin/*therapeutic use ; Polytetrafluoroethylene ; *Prostheses and Implants ; Rabbits ; Silicone Elastomers

OBJECTIVETo study the therapeutic effect and synergistic inhibition effect of high intensity focused ultrasound in combination with mitomycin on T739 mice bladder tumor.

METHODSBTT739 tumor-bearing mice receiving HIFU and/or mitomycin in two weeks, were divided into control group, low dose chemotherapy group, high dose chemotherapy group, HIFU group and HIFU combined chemotherapy group. The growth of mice tumor volume was observed in two weeks, by which we counted tumor volume doubling time and performed the growth curve. All specimens were analysed histologically.

RESULTSHIFU combined mitomycin has significant synergistic inhibition effect. Tumor tissue damage such as huge coagulation necrosis was observed using light microscopy. However, there were still some remaining alive cells. The apoptosis of tumor cell in HIFU group and HIFU combined chemotherapy group obviously increased in comparison with other groups.

CONCLUSIONSHIFU group, HIFU combined chemotherapy group can distinctively inhibit tumor growth; HIFU combined with mitomycin has notable synergistic inhibitory effect. HIFU may induce the apoptosis of tumor cell.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Male ; Mice ; Mitomycin ; therapeutic use ; Ultrasonic Therapy ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; pathology ; therapy

PURPOSE: To compare the histopathologic and morphologic findings of encapsulated blebs following Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation and primary standard trabeculectomy with mitomycin-C. METHODS: We reviewed the records of patients with otherwise uncontrollable glaucoma who had undergone Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation or trabeculectomy with mitomycin-C. Five eyes that underwent Ahmed valve implantation and three eyes that underwent trabeculectomy needed surgical revision of the initial surgery due to encapsulated bleb development with total loss of function. The surgically removed encapsulated blebs were analyzed macroscopically and microscopically. RESULTS: Removal of the encapsulated bleb was performed at a mean follow-up time of 26.6 +/- 19.4 weeks in the Ahmed valve implantation group and 12.0 +/- 11.4 weeks in the trabeculectomy group. The fibrotic wall of the encapsulated blebs had an overall thickness of 2.48 +/- 0.42 mm in the Ahmed valve implantation group and 1.62 +/- 0.37 mm in the trabeculectomy group. Macroscopically, the coconut flesh-like smooth surface was split into two layers, and the wall of the capsule was thicker in the Ahmed valve implantation group than in the trabeculectomy group. Histopathologically, the fibrotic capsule was composed of an inner fibrodegenerative layer and an outer fibrovascular layer, and there were no histopathological differences between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: The fibrotic capsule wall was thicker in the Ahmed valve group, but there were no differences in histological findings between the two groups.
Adult ; Blister/*surgery ; Female ; Glaucoma/physiopathology/*surgery ; *Glaucoma Drainage Implants ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mitomycin/*therapeutic use ; Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors/*therapeutic use ; Reoperation ; *Trabeculectomy ; Treatment Outcome

Twenty four eyes from 23 neovascular glaucoma (NVG) patients, who underwent trabeculectomy with 0.2 or 0.4 mg/ml MMC in least the previous 6 months, were examined in order to evaluate the mid-term effects of a trabeculectomy with mitomycin C (MMC) in NVG. Success defined when an intraocular pressure (IOP) < 22 mmHg and > 5 mmHg with or without medication was observed. The mean IOP was reduced from 46.8+/-12.9 mmHg preoperatively to 18.2+/-12.0 mmHg at the last follow-up (mean = 25.8 months). The overall success rates at 1-, 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-months after surgery were 71%, 58%, 50%, 29%, 29% respectively. The number of anti-glaucoma medications administered was significantly reduced from 2.6+/-0.7 preoperatively to 0.9+/-1.0 postoperatively (Wilcoxon signed rank test, p = 0.005). In addition both the intraoperative MMC concentration and application time had no influence on lowering the IOP (logistic regression analysis, p = 0.228, 0.910, respectively). There was a similar incidence of postoperative complications in both the success and failure group. These results suggest that a trabeculectomy with MMC is an effective surgical procedure in NVG patients and the MMC concentration is not crucial for reducing the IOP postoperatively.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/*therapeutic use ; Female ; Glaucoma, Neovascular/*drug therapy/*surgery ; Human ; Male ; Middle Age ; Mitomycin/*therapeutic use ; Time Factors ; *Trabeculectomy ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo evaluate in vitro anti-tumor effect of chemotherapeutic drugs on human gastric cancer cells, and investigate the relationship with Bcl-2 expression.

METHODSSingle cell suspension was prepared from fresh gastric cancer tissue and exposed to taxol (Tax), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), cisplatin (CDDP), adriamycin (ADM), mitomycin (MMC) respectively for 48 hours. Metabolic activity and inhibitory rate of cells were detected by MTT assay. Expression of Bcl-2 was examined with immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSThe inhibitory rates of cancer cells exposed to chemotherapeutic drugs were different and Tax, 5-FU, CDDP had remarkably higher rates than ADM and MMC. The lower differentiated gastric cancer cells were more sensitive than the higher ones. Positive expression rate of Bcl-2 was 80% and the positive cells showed resistance to 5-FU, ADM and MMC.

CONCLUSIONSChemosensitive testing by MTT assay can constitute the prediction for the application of chemotherapeutic drugs individually. Overexpression of Bcl-2 may contribute to multiple drug-resistance of tumors.

Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Cell Survival ; Cisplatin ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Doxorubicin ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mitomycin ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Mitomycins ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Paclitaxel ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Stomach Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of the interventional therapy of hepatoma-bearing rat by Seed of Job's-stears (SJS) injection combining with lipiodol.

METHODSTo evaluate the effect of SJS as a medicament which can be used in interventional therapy, we repeated the hepatoma-bearing rats, and treated them by interventional therapy with SJS referring to the method which Lindel set up, comparing its effect to which of chemical medicines and lipiodol.

RESULTSSJS or lipiodol alone had an inhibiting effect to liver cancer. The tumor growth rates were 13.89%, 14.05%, and the tumor inhibiting rates reached 38.10%, 37.49%. The curative effect of the SJS/lipiodol group was the best, and its growth rate and inhibiting rate were 3.36% and 85.03%, respectively better than the SJS group and lipiodol group (P<0.01). There was no statistically significant difference between the effect of the SJS/lipiodol group and the mitomycin/lipiodol group. The survival period of SJS/lipiodol group was longer than the rest groups (P<0.01 or P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe interventional therapy by SJS/lipiodol has obvious inhibitory effect on the growth of hepatoma-bearing rats, which is similar to that of MMC/lipiodol. This inhibiting effect is better than that of the SJS or lipiodol group. SJS/lipiodol can prolong the survival period of hepatoma-bearing rats obviously, and this effect is better than that of single lipiodol, SJS or MMC/lipiodol.

Animals ; Cell Division ; drug effects ; Coix ; chemistry ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Iodized Oil ; therapeutic use ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Mitomycin ; therapeutic use ; Phytotherapy ; methods ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Seeds ; chemistry ; Survival Analysis

OBJECTIVETo investigate the prognostic factors and to analyze the efficacy of chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy for Barrett's esophageal adenocarcinoma after radical surgical resection.

METHODSThe clinical data of 108 patients with adenocarcinoma Barrett's esophagus picking out from 783 esophageal adenocarcinoma patients surgically treated between June 1978 to June 2001 in the Shandong Provincial Hospital and Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital were analyzed retrospectively. 60Co gamma-irradiation or 6MVX-ray with conventional fraction were used for radiotherapy with a total volume dosage of 55-70 Gy. The chemotherapy was either FAM (iv infusion of 5-Fu 500 mg, d1-d5; ADM 50 mg d1; MMC 12 mg, d1) or CMF regimen (iv infusion of CTX 800 mg d1, d8; MTX 30 mg d1; 5-Fu 500 mg, d1-d5) for 4-6 cycles. The Kaplan-Meier amalysis was used to estimate the survival rate. Log rank test was used for comparison of the survival difference among different groups.

RESULTSIn this series, 76 of 92 patients who underwent radical surgical resection received postoperative radiotherapy alone, and 16 received radiotherapy plus chemotherapy. Twelve of the other 16 patients who underwent palliative surgical resection received chemotherapy plus radiotherapy, the remaining 4 patients died of operative complications during surgery. The overall 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rate of this series was 81.5%, 51.9% and 22.2%, respectively. In the radical resection group, it was 15.8% for the patients received radiotherapy alone versus 75.0% for those treated by chemotherapy plus radiotherapy. The 5-year survival rate was 33.3% for the patients without extra-esophageal infiltration and 33.3% for the patients without lymph node metastasis, respectively. However, it was only 9.1% for the patients with extra-esophageal infiltration and 14.3% for those with lymph node metastasis, respectively. For the patients who had palliative surgical resection, though they received chemotherapy plus radiotherapy postoperatively, none of them survived longer than 5-year. Statistically significant difference among these groups was demonstrated by Log rank test (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONChemotherapy plus radiotherapy after radical surgical resection may improve the survival of patients with adenocarcinoma in Barrett's esophagus adenocarcinoma patient. The pathological stage, extra-esophageal infiltration, lymph node metastasis and postoperative chemotherapy plus radiotherapy are important prognostic factors.

Adenocarcinoma ; pathology ; surgery ; therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Barrett Esophagus ; pathology ; surgery ; therapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Cyclophosphamide ; therapeutic use ; Doxorubicin ; therapeutic use ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; therapy ; Esophagectomy ; methods ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Methotrexate ; therapeutic use ; Middle Aged ; Mitomycin ; therapeutic use ; Neoplasm Staging ; Postoperative Period ; Prognosis ; Radiotherapy, High-Energy ; methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Analysis ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUNDThe recurrence of pterygium after surgery is high. A variety of adjunctive treatment approaches have been developed to improve the clinical efficacy and many related articles have been published. This study aimed to determine the risk for postoperative pterygium recurrence comparing autologous conjunctival transplantation (ACT) versus mitomycin C (MMC).

METHODSRelevant literature published until December 2010 in Medline, Embase, Cochrane, Cochrane library, Science Citation Index, and Google Scholar were searched. Qualified random clinical trial (RCT) studies on the comparison of recurrence rate of pterygium after ACT and MMC treatment were included in this study.

RESULTSEight RCTs with 663 eyes entered the final analysis. The recurrent rate of pterygium was 8.7% (30/343) for ACT and 18.75% (60/320) for MMC. Using fixed-effect meta analysis, we found that the recurrence was significantly lower after ACT than MMC treatment (odds ratio (OR) = 0.40, 95% confidence index (CI), 0.25 - 0.63, P < 0.0001). In sensitivity analyses, we employed random-effects model and excluded studies of low quality or studies in which MMC was administrated after the operation. All the sensitivity analyses confirmed that ACT led to lower recurrence rates than MMC. Sub-group analysis revealed that the recurrence rate was 20.2% (20/99) and 27.65% (26/94) for conjunctival autograft (CA) and MMC respectively, and no significant difference in the recurrence rate was detected (OR = 0.65, 95%CI 0.33 - 1.28, P = 0.22). However, we found that conjunctival limbal autograft (CLA) had lower recurrence rate than MMC (OR = 0.26, 95%CI 0.14 - 0.48, P = 0.0001).

CONCLUSIONCLA has better therapy efficacy against the recurrence of pterygium than MMC.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Conjunctiva ; transplantation ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Mitomycin ; therapeutic use ; Pterygium ; therapy ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Transplantation, Autologous