Fifteen hundred seventy-one leprosy patients registered in the leprosy Mission Hospital from Mar. 1957 to Sep. 1980 were investigated for dapsone resistance by clinical and bacteriological aspects. The results are as follows: There were 29 suspected dapsone-resistant cases out of a total 1571 registered leprosy patients (1. 85%), 26 of 650 of lepromatous type(4. 00%), and 3 of 164 of borderline type (l. 83%). In 1969, we observed the first case if suspected dapsone-resistant leprosy. Since then, suspected dapsone-resistant cases increased and we observed as many as 8 cases in 1977. But frequency of cases has decreased since 1978. (countinued..)
Dapsone ; Humans ; Leprosy* ; Missions and Missionaries

No abstract available.
Humans ; Missions and Missionaries* ; Schools, Medical*

Cystic lesions of the kidney were experimentally induced by a single injection of methylprednisolone acetate(MPA), 20mg/kg, and morphometric analysis and ultrastructural observations by means of trans. mission and scanning electron microscopes were carried out after 1,2,3 and 4 weeks to clarify the nature of the cysts and their Histogenesis. l. The cystic lesions developed by administration of MPA were categorized into tubular and glomerular cysts ; the former underwent gradual regression of its number after the first week together with reduction of its ratio to the renal volume, whereas the latter progressed. 2. The subcapsular cystic structures(average diameter of ll0um) was originated from the dilated collecting tubules by 180 degree rotation in regard with abnormality in maturation process of nephorgenic activity. 3. Abnormalities of both proximal and distal convoluted tubules were reflected by increases of tubular diameter(l.54~3.55 times) and nuclear density(1.77~l.72 times), representing a compensatory dilatation of tubular lumen in association with shortening of tubular length. 4.Convolution of tubules was reduced and parallel to the shortening of tubular length. The above morphometric and ultrastructural features support that cystic lesion in the subcapsular portion induced by administration of MPA arises from the subcapsular collecting tubules by maturation arrest of nephorgenic activity.
Dilatation ; Humans ; Kidney* ; Methylprednisolone ; Missions and Missionaries

Seventy-seven patients who were treated regularly for more than 5 years in the Taegu Leprosy Mission were investigated with regard to the change of the bacillary index(BI) after treatment of either dapsone(DDS) alone or a combination of DDS and clofazimine. The results were as follows: 1) In the group that took only DDS 400-500 mg per week, the BI conversion to negative took average 51 months. 2) In the group that took only 600-700 mg per week, the BI conversion to negative took average 34 months. 3) In the group that took only DDS 400 mg per week initially and 600-700mg per week secondarily, the BI conversion to negative took average 64 months, the last 33 months of which marked the time period that 600-700 mg were taken per week. 4) In the group that took only DDS 400-500mg per week initially and a combination of DDS gpp 700 mg per week and clofazimine. 3pp-4pp mg per week secondarily, the BI conversion to negative took average 63 months, the last 35 months of which marked the time period for the combined therapy. 5) In the group that took a combination of DDS 600- 700 mg per week and clofazimine 400 mg per week, the BI conversion to negative took average 42 months.
Clofazimine* ; Daegu ; Dapsone* ; Humans ; Leprosy* ; Missions and Missionaries

Recently, some medical issues in Korea have become social issues, and even political issues. Therefore, the responsibility of doctors to embrace socio-medical issues has increased. In response to this need, the Korean Medical Association is building up its Committee of Health. The mission of the Committee of Health of the Korean Medical Association is to identify and/or develop appropriate responses to those medical issues that have harmful effects on health. The committee is comprised of five action committees: those for socio-medical issues, health information issues, food issues, cruel issues, and environmental issues. These individual committees will devise plans for how to respond to and treat such issues, and also engage in various activities with not only medical societies, but also with social, legal and public communication groups.
Humans ; Korea ; Missions and Missionaries* ; Power (Psychology) ; Societies, Medical

Since the introduction of endoscopic submucosal dissection method for the treatment of early gastric cancer, endoscopic treatment of early gastric cancer has increased exponentially. Accordingly, early diagnosis of cancerous or precancerous lesion has become one of the most important missions for endoscopists. The desire to improve diagnostic capability of white light endoscopy led to the development of new imaging techniques called "image enhanced endoscopy." The usefulness of these image enhanced endoscopy has not been proven yet, although there are several studies reporting diagnostic superiority of these new imaging methods over white light endoscopy. Among these new imaging modalities, narrow band image (NBI) with magnification endoscopy has been most widely used and studied. This manuscript will be focused on the NBI with magnification endoscopy.
Early Detection of Cancer ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Light ; Missions and Missionaries ; Stomach Neoplasms

BACKGROUND: Current studies have focused mainly on the push-pull effect (PPE), the reduction of +Gz tolerance when hypergravity (>+1 Gz) preceded by hypogravity (<+1 Gz). However, the reduced G tolerance could be induced by any G-transition. The frequency and extent of maneuvers to cause G-transition effect (GTEM) have not been studied previously in fighter aircraft. METHODS: 26 HUD (head-up display) videotapes from F-16 aerial combat training missions were reviewed for the presence of GTEM. The frequency and magnitude of the +Gz profiles were analyzed. RESULTS: GTEMs were found in 34 (29.6%) of 115 engagements reviewed. PPEMs (maneuvers found to cause push-pull effect) and rPPEMs (maneuvers found to cause reversed PPE) were found in 7.8%, 11.3% respectively. Combined maneuver that rPPEM followed by PPEM consecutively was found in 10.4% of engagements. There was no difference the frequency of GTEMs between BFM and ACM engagements (28.8% vs. 30.9%). CONCLUSION: GTEMs including PPEMs and rPPEMs are present in aerial combat training missions of F-16 aircraft and represent a significant source for accidents. These findings support the necessity of continued research into the physiologic response to GTE.
Aircraft* ; Humans ; Hypergravity ; Hypogravity ; Missions and Missionaries* ; Videotape Recording

The mission of psychiatric practice is rangesing from alleviating the distress and impairment caused by psychiatric disorders to promoting a state of well-being in order to cope with the normal stresses of life and for to improvement of social functioning. Various factors, including social changes in general and the change of Psychiatry is are grounded in clinical neuroscience and public health. The authors are to review the determinants of changes in clinical practice of psychiatry and to review plausible areas of new clinical practice in psychiatryic both from both a clinical neuroscience and a public health perspective.
Humans ; Missions and Missionaries ; Neurosciences ; Public Health ; Social Change

missions, 'Zaytun Hospital' was built to support the demand for the insufficient medical facilities and supplies in Iraq, which was opened on November 27, 2004. Zaytun Hospital, equipped with modern operation room and general ward, has been composed of 12 clinical departments. Although we had many problems, such as difficulty of communication with Iraqis, connection with medical facilities of Iraq and risk of terrorism, we overcame these difficulties and were able to achieve our missions successfully. I wish that our special experience in Iraq are will be the guideline to other oral and maxillofacial surgeons, who want to help those individual in unfortunate areas such as Iraq.]]>
Equipment and Supplies ; Humans ; Iraq ; Missions and Missionaries ; Patients' Rooms ; Terrorism

Esther K. Pak(1876-1910) is believed as the first medical doctor in Korea. Esther's life can be largely reviewed in three parts: school-hood at EwhaHaktang(currently Ewha Womans University), Education in the United States, and medical missionary work after coming back to Korea from the United States. The foreign Methodist missionaries was able to enter Korea after opening of its ports and establishing its diplomatic relationship with the United States. Esther met modern sciences and Christianity at EwhaHaktang, which was founded by those missionaries. She could dream of being an American-style medical doctor in the future, while she assisted medical missionaries at PoKuNyoKwan in EwhaHaktang. She could get substantial academic help from those missionaries. With the support of Dr. Rosetta Sherwood Hall, who first introduced the world of medial science to Esther in a real sense, Esther went to the United States to study the field in 1894. While learning it, she suffered from academic frustration, economic difficulty, her husband's death and so on, but she eventually got over those adversities and completed the four years of academic courses to become a medical doctor. Her religious faith and will to help Koreans as a doctor encouraged her to finish what she had originally planned. Esther came back to Korea in 1900 and began to work earnestly as a medical missionary delegated from Woman's Foreign Missionary Society. At PoKuNyoKwan in Seoul and Woman's Hospital in Pyongyang, She performed medical work and enlightenment campaign against the superstitious healing conduct. Esther also took part in the circuit missionary performances. She devoted herself for evangelical work at Bible Institute as well. Esther's activity made people understand the effectiveness of education. She helped people to recognize education for woman, occidental medical treatment and Christianity in a positive way. On April 28, 1909, based on these excellent performances for the social development, she was invited, honored and granted a testimonial at the first welcoming ceremony, which was held by the united body of civilians and officials, for students studying abroad. But on April 13, 1910, about one year after the ceremony, she died of illness. She was 34. Although she was born at the turbulent last period of Korea Empire and lived for only 34 years, Esther's medical missionary work was evaluated as the opening of woman's participation in medical science in Korea. Not only in the 'woman's' but also in 'whole' field of medical science, her performance left significant marks in woman's and Christian history in Korea as well.
History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; Korea ; Medical Missions, Official/history ; Missions and Missionaries/*history ; Protestantism/history