PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of ondansetron combined with dexamethasone on Post-Operative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) and pain with ondansetron alone in patients with laparoscopy assisted vaginal hysterectomy under general anesthesia. METHODS: Data were collected from April 1 through September 30, 2005 using a double blind method. Ondansetron 4 mg and dexamethasone 10 mg were administered to the experimental group (25 patients), and ondansetron 4 mg only to the control group (25 patients). The medications were administered through an intravenous line at the beginning peritoneum suture. PONV by Index of Nausea Vomiting and Retching (INVR), nausea by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and pain (VAS) were assessed at postoperative 1 hr, 3 hr, 6 hr, 24 hr, and 48 hr. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA, and Bonferroni methods. RESULTS: The experimental group that received ondansetron combined with dexamethasone had less PONV (p=.048), and nausea (p=.012) than control group that received ondansetron alone. However, there was no difference in pain (p=.557) between the patients in the two groups. CONCLUSION: We conclude that the administration of ondansetron combined with dexamethasone is more effective than the administration of ondansetron alone to reduce PONV in patients with laparoscopic hysterectomy.
Adult ; Analgesia, Patient-Controlled ; Analysis of Variance ; Anesthesia, General ; Antiemetics/*administration & dosage ; Data Interpretation, Statistical ; Dexamethasone/*administration & dosage ; Double-Blind Method ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Humans ; *Hysterectomy, Vaginal ; Laparoscopy ; Middle Aged ; Ondansetron/*administration & dosage ; Pain/*drug therapy ; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting/*drug therapy ; Postoperative Period ; Time Factors

PURPOSE: This study aimed to (1) explore current levels of quality of life, depression, resilience and social support and (2) investigate factors associated with quality of life among parents who lost children in the Sewol ferry disaster. METHODS: Data for this descriptive and correlation study was collected from December 2016 to June 2017. Structured questionnaires were completed by 114 parents. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multivariate linear regression. RESULTS: Lower levels of quality of life were reported by parents with no current occupation, who considered emotional support by others as not helpful, not disclosing self as family of a victim, experiencing change in social activities related to the disaster, and not participating in bereavement activities with other families (all p values <.05). Factors associated with quality of life were depression (β=−.53) and resilience (β=.26) and explained 48.0% variance (F=50.37, p<.001), while social support was not a significant factor. CONCLUSION: Our study findings provide fundamental information on the mental health status of families of the Sewol ferry disaster victims. Nursing interventions to improve quality of life of parents who lost their children in the disaster should emphasize both managing depression and improving resilience.
Bereavement ; Child ; Depression ; Disaster Victims ; Disasters ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Mental Health ; Nursing ; Occupations ; Parents ; Quality of Life ; Resilience, Psychological ; Statistics as Topic

PURPOSE: Reducing preoperative fasting time showed positive effects in several studies, and current guidelines suggest use of a preoperative oral carbohydrate-rich solution before elective surgeries. For elective colectomy procedures, some surgeons favor two-day bowel preparation with diet restriction and administration of laxatives. Aside from patients experiencing the discomfort of nil per os (NPO), there are reported benefits regarding intake of liquids until at least two hours prior to surgery, including decrease in insulin resistance, without additional postoperative surgical complications. The aim of this study is to show the benefits of administration of oral rehydration solution (ORS) two hours prior to surgery for patients undergoing elective colectomy, particularly postoperative insulin resistance. METHODS: This is a randomized controlled trial. All patients undergoing elective colectomy were included and randomized to the control arm or treatment arm. The control arm consisted of the standard bowel preparation and one day of NPO, while the treatment arm consisted of the standard bowel preparation and allowing intake of carbohydrate-rich ORS until 2 hours before surgery. The insulin, glucose, cortisol, and triglyceride levels were determined immediately after induction, 6 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours post-op, and compared. The homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance, insulin, glucose, cortisol, and triglyceride levels were determined and compared between the two groups. Anxiety and postoperative complications were monitored and assessed as well. RESULTS: There was less insulin resistance in patients who received ORS 2 hours prior to surgery. Insulin, glucose, cortisol, and triglyceride levels were lower in the treatment group compared to the control group. Taking ORS 1 day prior and until 2 hours before surgery decreased anxiety and discomfort, and alleviated hunger. CONCLUSION: Regarding complications, there was no difference in the incidence of aspiration and postoperative complications. There were fewer wound complications and incidence of paralytic ileus in the treatment group.
Anxiety ; Arm ; Colectomy* ; Diet ; Fasting ; Fluid Therapy ; Glucose ; Humans ; Hunger ; Hydrocortisone ; Incidence ; Insulin Resistance* ; Insulin* ; Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction ; Laxatives ; Postoperative Complications ; Triglycerides ; Wounds and Injuries

Objective: Dietary factors are important contributors to obesity and related metabolic disorders. Few studies have evaluated the impact of dietary habits (e.g., breakfast consumption frequency and meal regularity) on metabolic health. We investigated the effects of breakfast consumption frequency and meal time regularity on nutrient intake and cardiometabolic status in Korean adults. Methods: Participants without diagnosed diseases (n=217) were examined for anthropometric and biochemical parameters, lifestyle, dietary habits, and nutrient intake.They were categorized into 4 groups by breakfast consumption frequency (≥6 or <6 times/ week) and meal time regularity (regular or irregular): breakfast ≥6 times/week and regular eating (HBRE), breakfast ≥6 times/week and irregular eating (HBIE), breakfast <6 times/week and regular eating (LBRE) and breakfast <6 times/week and irregular eating (LBIE). Results: Participants in the LBIE group were the youngest, had higher waist circumference, body mass index, triglyceride levels, and inflammation, and consumed the highest daily total caloric intake (TCI), the highest proportion of fats, and the lowest proportion of carbohydrates. The LBIE group also had the lowest proportion of energy intake at breakfast and the highest proportion at dinner. The LBIE group consumed the lowest amounts of fiber, beta-carotene, vitamin K, folate, calcium and iron, and had the highest prevalence of inadequate nutrient intake for TCI, protein, vitamins A, C, B6, and B12, folate, calcium, iron, zinc, and copper. Conclusion Regular breakfast consumption and meal times are related to healthy lifestyle habits and adequate nutrient intake, which affect metabolic health, thereby helping prevent obesity and related metabolic disorders.

Objective: Dietary factors are important contributors to obesity and related metabolic disorders. Few studies have evaluated the impact of dietary habits (e.g., breakfast consumption frequency and meal regularity) on metabolic health. We investigated the effects of breakfast consumption frequency and meal time regularity on nutrient intake and cardiometabolic status in Korean adults. Methods: Participants without diagnosed diseases (n=217) were examined for anthropometric and biochemical parameters, lifestyle, dietary habits, and nutrient intake.They were categorized into 4 groups by breakfast consumption frequency (≥6 or <6 times/ week) and meal time regularity (regular or irregular): breakfast ≥6 times/week and regular eating (HBRE), breakfast ≥6 times/week and irregular eating (HBIE), breakfast <6 times/week and regular eating (LBRE) and breakfast <6 times/week and irregular eating (LBIE). Results: Participants in the LBIE group were the youngest, had higher waist circumference, body mass index, triglyceride levels, and inflammation, and consumed the highest daily total caloric intake (TCI), the highest proportion of fats, and the lowest proportion of carbohydrates. The LBIE group also had the lowest proportion of energy intake at breakfast and the highest proportion at dinner. The LBIE group consumed the lowest amounts of fiber, beta-carotene, vitamin K, folate, calcium and iron, and had the highest prevalence of inadequate nutrient intake for TCI, protein, vitamins A, C, B6, and B12, folate, calcium, iron, zinc, and copper. Conclusion Regular breakfast consumption and meal times are related to healthy lifestyle habits and adequate nutrient intake, which affect metabolic health, thereby helping prevent obesity and related metabolic disorders.