OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) on epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cultured human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) and explore the mechanism.

METHODSHK-2 cells treated with 50, 100, 200, and 400 µg/ml AOPP or 50 µg/m bovine serum albumin (BSA) for 24 h, or with 200 µg/ml AOPP for 0.5, 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h were examined for the protein expression of α-SMA and E-cadherin. In cells pretreated with diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) or cytoplasmic superoxide dismutase (C-SOD), the effects of 50 µg/ml BSA and 200 µg/ml AOPP were assessed on the expressions of α-SMA and E-cadherin, malondialdehyde (MDA) level, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, catalase (CAT) activity, and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) activity.

RESULTSAOPP treatment up-regulated α-SMA expression and down-regulated E-cadherin expression in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. AOPP exposure of the cells resulted in increased MDA level and lowered activities of SOD, CAT and GSH-PX. DPI and C-SOD partially attenuated the effects of AOPP on α-SMA, E-cadherin, MDA, SOD, CAT and GSH-px.

CONCLUSIONAOPP can induce EMT in cultured HK-2 cells via oxidative stress, and this effect can be attenuated by inhibiting the activation of NADPH oxidase and using antioxidants to delay the progression of renal interstitial fibrosis.

Actins ; metabolism ; Advanced Oxidation Protein Products ; Antioxidants ; metabolism ; Cadherins ; metabolism ; Catalase ; metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Down-Regulation ; Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; metabolism ; Humans ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; NADPH Oxidases ; metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Up-Regulation

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the transmembrane protein 39A (TMEM39A) at the loci 1880G/A, 2442T/G, and 2456A/T and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in Chinese Han patients.

METHODSTMEM39A gene polymorphisms at 3 loci (1880G/A, 2442T/G, 2456 A/T) were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in 110 Chinese Han patients with SLE and 80 normal control subjects, and the allele and genotype frequencies were compared by Chi-square test between the two groups.

RESULTSBoth the genotype frequencies (AA, GA and GG) and allele frequencies (A and G) at 1880G/A differed significantly between SLE cases and the normal controls (P=0.002 and P=0.044, respectively). The two groups also showed significant differences in the genotype frequencies (GG, TG and TT) (P=0.001) and allele frequencies (G and T) (P=0.041) at 2442T/G. No significant differences were found in the genotype frequencies (TT, AT and AA) or allele frequencies (T and A) at 2456A/T between the two groups (P>0.05). The allele and genotype frequencies of the 3 SNPs showed no significant differences between lupus nephritis (LN) patients and non-LN patients.

CONCLUSIONThe TMEM39A polymorphisms at 1880G/A and 2442T/G, but not at 2456 A/T gene, may be associated with the susceptibility to SLE in Chinese Han population. The genotype or allele frequencies of the 3 SNPs have no effect on the incidence of lupus nephritis.

Adult ; Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; genetics ; Male ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the transmembrane protein 39A (TMEM39A) at the loci 1880G/A, 2442T/G, and 2456A/T and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in Chinese Han patients. Methods TMEM39A gene polymorphisms at 3 loci (1880G/A, 2442T/G, 2456 A/T) were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in 110 Chinese Han patients with SLE and 80 normal control subjects, and the allele and genotype frequencies were compared by Chi-square test between the two groups. Results Both the genotype frequencies (AA, GA and GG) and allele frequencies (A and G) at 1880G/A differed significantly between SLE cases and the normal controls (P=0.002 and P=0.044, respectively). The two groups also showed significant differences in the genotype frequencies (GG, TG and TT) (P=0.001) and allele frequencies (G and T) (P=0.041) at 2442T/G. No significant differences were found in the genotype frequencies (TT, AT and AA) or allele frequencies (T and A) at 2456A/T between the two groups (P>0.05). The allele and genotype frequencies of the 3 SNPs showed no significant differences between lupus nephritis (LN) patients and non-LN patients. Conclusion The TMEM39A polymorphisms at 1880G/A and 2442T/G, but not at 2456 A/T gene, may be associated with the susceptibility to SLE in Chinese Han population. The genotype or allele frequencies of the 3 SNPs have no effect on the incidence of lupus nephritis.

Objective To investigate the effects of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) on epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cultured human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) and explore the mechanism. Methods HK-2 cells treated with 50, 100, 200, and 400μg/ml AOPP or 50μg/m bovine serum albumin (BSA) for 24 h, or with 200μg/ml AOPP for 0.5, 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h were examined for the protein expression of α-SMA and E-cadherin. In cells pretreated with diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) or cytoplasmic superoxide dismutase (C-SOD), the effects of 50μg/ml BSA and 200μg/ml AOPP were assessed on the expressions of α-SMA and E-cadherin, malondialdehyde (MDA) level, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, catalase (CAT) activity, and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) activity. Results AOPP treatment up-regulatedα-SMA expression and down-regulated E-cadherin expression in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. AOPP exposure of the cells resulted in increased MDA level and lowered activities of SOD, CAT and GSH-PX. DPI and C-SOD partially attenuated the effects of AOPP onα-SMA, E-cadherin, MDA, SOD, CAT and GSH-px. Conclusion AOPP can induce EMT in cultured HK-2 cells via oxidative stress, and this effect can be attenuated by inhibiting the activation of NADPH oxidase and using antioxidants to delay the progression of renal interstitial fibrosis.

Objective To investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the transmembrane protein 39A (TMEM39A) at the loci 1880G/A, 2442T/G, and 2456A/T and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in Chinese Han patients. Methods TMEM39A gene polymorphisms at 3 loci (1880G/A, 2442T/G, 2456 A/T) were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in 110 Chinese Han patients with SLE and 80 normal control subjects, and the allele and genotype frequencies were compared by Chi-square test between the two groups. Results Both the genotype frequencies (AA, GA and GG) and allele frequencies (A and G) at 1880G/A differed significantly between SLE cases and the normal controls (P=0.002 and P=0.044, respectively). The two groups also showed significant differences in the genotype frequencies (GG, TG and TT) (P=0.001) and allele frequencies (G and T) (P=0.041) at 2442T/G. No significant differences were found in the genotype frequencies (TT, AT and AA) or allele frequencies (T and A) at 2456A/T between the two groups (P>0.05). The allele and genotype frequencies of the 3 SNPs showed no significant differences between lupus nephritis (LN) patients and non-LN patients. Conclusion The TMEM39A polymorphisms at 1880G/A and 2442T/G, but not at 2456 A/T gene, may be associated with the susceptibility to SLE in Chinese Han population. The genotype or allele frequencies of the 3 SNPs have no effect on the incidence of lupus nephritis.

Objective To investigate the effects of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) on epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cultured human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) and explore the mechanism. Methods HK-2 cells treated with 50, 100, 200, and 400μg/ml AOPP or 50μg/m bovine serum albumin (BSA) for 24 h, or with 200μg/ml AOPP for 0.5, 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h were examined for the protein expression of α-SMA and E-cadherin. In cells pretreated with diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) or cytoplasmic superoxide dismutase (C-SOD), the effects of 50μg/ml BSA and 200μg/ml AOPP were assessed on the expressions of α-SMA and E-cadherin, malondialdehyde (MDA) level, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, catalase (CAT) activity, and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) activity. Results AOPP treatment up-regulatedα-SMA expression and down-regulated E-cadherin expression in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. AOPP exposure of the cells resulted in increased MDA level and lowered activities of SOD, CAT and GSH-PX. DPI and C-SOD partially attenuated the effects of AOPP onα-SMA, E-cadherin, MDA, SOD, CAT and GSH-px. Conclusion AOPP can induce EMT in cultured HK-2 cells via oxidative stress, and this effect can be attenuated by inhibiting the activation of NADPH oxidase and using antioxidants to delay the progression of renal interstitial fibrosis.