OBJECTIVEThis study aims to investigate the effects of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and calcium hydroxide on proliferation and differentiation of human pulp cells from primary and permanent teeth.

METHODSCell proliferation was detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. The mRNA expression levels of dentinogenesis-related factors, including alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), and odontoclastogenesis-related factors, such as osteo- protegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL), were determined by real time polymerase chain reac- tion (PCR).

RESULTSPrimary and permanent pulp cells treated with calcium hydroxide exhibited significantly lower proli- feration rates than the control cells (P<0.01). By contrast, the MTA-treated group showed significantly higher proliferation rates than the control group (P<0.01). Real time PCR results showed that calcium hydroxide-treated primary pulp cells exhi- bited significantly decreased ALP, DSPP, and OPG expression compared with the control group (P<0.01). Conversely, the MTA-treated group displayed significantly increased ALP, DSPP, and OPG expression (P<0.01). Calcium hydroxide-treated primary pulp cells also exhibited significantly upregulated RANKL expression (P < 0.01); by contrast, MTA-treated cells did not show any change in RANKL expression (P>0.05). Likewise, MTA-treated permanent pulp cells showed significantly upregulated ALP and DSPP expression (P < 0.01). However, the calcium hydroxide-treated group remained almost the same as the control group (P > 0.05). Neither MTA nor calcium hydroxide affected OPG and RANKL expression in per- manent pulp cells (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONMTA is more suitable as a pulp-capping agent, particularly in primary teeth, than calcium hydroxide.

Aluminum Compounds ; Calcium Compounds ; Calcium Hydroxide ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Proliferation ; Dental Pulp ; Dentition, Permanent ; Drug Combinations ; Extracellular Matrix Proteins ; Humans ; Oxides ; Phosphoproteins ; Sialoglycoproteins ; Silicates

In recent years,various methods for detecting exogenous and endogenous hypochlorite have been studied,considering its essential role as a biomolecule.However,the existing technologies still pose obstacles such as their invasiveness,high costs,and complicated operation.In the current study,we developed a glow-type chemiluminescent probe,hypochlorite chemiluminescence probe(HCCL)-1,based on the scaffold of Schaap's 1,2-dioxetane luminophores.To better explore the physiological and pathological functions of hypochlorite,we modified the luminophore scaffold of HCCL-1 to develop several probes,including HCCL-2,HCCL-3,and HCCL-4,which amplify the response signal of hypo-chlorite.By comparing the luminescent intensities of the four probes using the IVIS? system,we determined that HCCL-2 with a limit of detection of 0.166 μM has enhanced sensitivity and selectivity for tracking hypochlorite both in vitro and in vivo.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most common human cancers; however, its outcome of pharmacotherapy is always very limited. Herein, we performed a batch query in the connectivity map (cMap) based on bioinformatics, queried out 35 compounds with therapeutic potential, and screened out parbendazole as a most promising compound, which had an excellent inhibitory effect on the proliferation of HNSCC cell lines. In addition, tubulin was identified as a primary target of parbendazole, and the direct binding between them was further verified. Parbendazole was further proved as an effective tubulin polymerization inhibitor, which can block the cell cycle, cause apoptosis and prevent cell migration, and it exhibited reasonable therapeutic effect and low toxicity in the in vivo and in vitro anti-tumor evaluation. Our study repositioned an anthelmintic parbendazole to treat HNSCC, which revealed a therapeutic utility and provided a new treatment option for human cancers.

Objective: To evaluate the immunogenicity of different strains of inactivated poliomyelitis vaccines (IPV) by sequential program. Methods: This parallel-group controlled trial was conducted in immunization clinics in Shanghai from March 2016 to September 2017. Sabin strains inactivated poliomyelitis vaccines (sIPV), WPV strains inactivated poliomyelitis vaccines (wIPV) and live poliomyelitis Type Ⅰ Type Ⅲ vaccine (bOPV) as the investigational vaccine were used at 2, 3, 4 months old in 325 infants in Shanghai. Infants vaccinated by four sequential program were divided into 4 groups: sIPV+sIPV+bOPV, sIPV+wIPV+bOPV, wIPV+sIPV+bOPV and wIPV+wIPV+bOPV. A total of 230 investigators′ blood samples were collected before primary immunization and 163 investigators′ blood samples were collected after primary immunization. A total of 151 investigators (36, 44, 30 and 41 in each group) finished primary immunization and blood sampling before and after the primary immunization. The geometric mean titer (GMT) of poliovirus typesⅠ and Ⅲ neutralizing antibody was tested and calculated, and the positive results of antibody before and after primary immunization were analyzed. Results: Among the 151 investigators, the age were (2.27±0.61) months and birth weight were (3.27±0.43) kg, and 70 were male. The positive rates of typeⅠwas 98.68% (149 cases), and type Ⅲ was 97.35% (147 cases); the number of investigators tested in each group was 36, 44, 30 and 41, respectively; the positive rates of typeⅠwas 97.22% (35 cases), 100.00% (44 cases), 96.67% (29 cases) and 100.00% (41 cases) (P=0.345); the positive rates of type Ⅲ were 97.22% (35 cases), 95.45% (42 cases), 96.67% (29 cases) and 100.00% (41 cases) (P=0.614). Conclusion Using sIPV and wIPV simultaneously or alternately for sequential immunization of poliomyelitis vaccines showed good immunogenicity for infants at appropriate age.