Objective To investigate CT findings of atypical pheochromocytoma.Methods 18 cases of atypical pheochromocytoma were verified with operation and pathology.2 cases were extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma,3 cases were bilateral or multiple pheochromocytoma,7 cases were non-function pheochromocytoma and malignant pheochromocytoma were 6 cases.Results All atypical pheochromocytoma showed equivalent density mass with necrosis in CT scanning,calcification was rare.Most of them had strong enhancement in parenchyma.Conclusion (1)Atypical pheochromocytoma has high tendency to malignance.(2)CT has high locational and qualitative rate in diagnosing atypical pheochromocytoma but can not different malignance from benign pheochromocytoma,except the mass has metastatic signs.The diagnosis of non-function pheochromocytoma has to consider biochemical and other examination.

Objective To investigate CT features of adrenal neoplasms.Methods 9 cases of rare adrenal neoplasms were verified with operation and histology.3 cases were ganglioneuroma,2 cases were neuroblastoma and the remaining four were cyst,neurofibroma,lipoma and mesenchymoma.Results Adrenal cyst,neuroblastoma and lipoma had their obvious CT features.All adrenal ganglioneuroma,neurofibroma and mesenchymoma had low or equivalent density.Ganglioneuroma and neurofibroma had no enhancement but mesenchymoma had slight or moderate enhancement.Conclusion It is difficult or impossible to distinguish these tumors,except cyst,neuroblastoma and lipoma,from non-function adenoma or pheochromocytoma.

Objective To evaluate their roles of transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), cardiovascular digital imaging (CVDI) and electron beam computed tomography (EBT) in the diagnosis of complex congenital heart dieases (CHD).Methods Twenty-one patients with CHD were studied, including 12 cases of boys and 9 cases of girls. Fourteen cases of them underwent surgery. All of them were examined by two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE) , color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) and EBT, 11 cases of them were examined by CVDI.Results The rate of coincidence between EBT and CVDI in diagnosing complex CHD was 93.3% (28/30). The accurate rate of TTE and CVDI in diagnosing complex CHD was 77.8% (35/45) and 93.3% (42/45) respectively.Conclusion In diagnosing complex CHD,combination EBT with TTE can replace the technique of CVDI partially.

Objective With the CT analysis of vascular lesions which caused abdominal pain,to improve the radiologist’s understanding of this disease,and to reduce the rate of misdiagnosis.Methods The CT data of 69 cases with vascular lesions which caused abdominal pain were analysis retrospective.Results In the vascular lesions causing abdominal pain,the occlusions of the superior mesenteric artery and vein were the most common,a total of 30 patients (43%),and the most common cause of occlusion was thrombosis (27%);There were the abdominal aorta dissection (Ⅰ+Ⅲ type+limitation)in 1 5 cases,abdominal aorta and/or iliac artery vein multiple ulcers in 9 cases (13%);Type B intramural hematoma in 6 cases (8%);Simply superior mesenteric artery dissection in 5 cases;Other less common splenic arterial thrombotic occlusion in 2 cases,pure splenic artery occlusion in 1 case and renal artery dissection in 1 case.7 cases were missed lesions,the main reason for radiologists to focus placed in the abdominal cavity prone to abdominal pain caused by solid organ or cavity organ,while ignoring the observation in the scanning range of the abdominal aorta and its main branches of the artery,lack of knowledge and experience of the lesions,and therefore not to see the consciousness or habits.Conclusion Vascular causes is an important reason causing abdominal pain.In patients with abdominal pain who underwent CT examination,if the cause of the gut and other abdominal organs can be exclused,the possibility of vascular etiology should be considered,and we should carefully observe intraabdominal artery and vein to exclude the possibility of this disease.

Objective:To inve tigate the value o electron beam tomography and echocardiography or diagno ing the comple congenital heart di ea e . Method :Thirty our patient with comple congenital heart di ea e underwent both echocardiography and electron beam tomography,which wa con irmed by angiocardiography in 18 patient .Twenty one patient were operated on.All data were comparatively analyzed Re ult :The rate o diagno i coincidence in diagno ing comple congenital heart di ea e wa 82 4% or electron beam tomography,and 73 5% or echocardiography.The accuracy o electron beam tomography in diagno ing e tracardiac abnormal tructure wa 97 9% and obviou ly higher than 53 2% by echocardiography.The accuracy o echocardiography in diagno ing intracardiac abnormal tructure wa 95 9% and higher than 81 6% by electron beam tomography.Electron beam tomography and echocardiography had a imilar accuracy or diagno ing abnormal tructure at the junction o ve el with cardiac chamber. Conclu ion:Electron beam tomography combined with echocardiography can greatly improve the diagno i accuracy o comple congenital heart di ea e and can al o reduce the u e o inva ive angiocardiography.

Objective To evaluate the low-dose dual-source whole-body CT angiography in assessing the arteries of Takayasu’s arteritis (TA).Methods Low-dose whole-body CT angiography(CTA)was performed in 57 consecutive patients with suspected TA. The scanning parameters were performed with tube voltage 80 kV and attenuation-based tube current modulation with a referenced tube current at 300 mAs.The volume CT dose index (CTDIvol)and dose-length product (DLP)were obtained for all scans.Subjec-tive and objective image quality of different arteries were assessed in seven anatomic territories,including intracranial,cervical,tho-racic,abdominal,upper extremity,thigh and shank.In addition,CT findings of whole-body arteries were recorded.Results Forty out of fifty-seven patients with definite diagnosis of TA enrolled in this study.Mean CTDIvol and DLP for all patients were (2.5± 0.9)mGy and (403.7±91.4)mGy·cm,respectively.The scoring order of subjective and objective iamge quality was neck,chest, abdomen,thigh,upper extremity,head and shank.5.9% of intracranial arteries,3.3% of lower extremity arteries and 0.5% of upper extremity arteries were extra detected.Conclusion The extra CT findings of intracranial,lower extremity and upper extremity arter-ies provides a more comprehensive evaluation of whole-body arteries involvement.

Objective To study the clinical applications of SIVP detecting hepatocarcinoma in cirrhosis.Methods 40 cases of cirrhosis combined with hepatocarcinoma diagnosed by operation and pathology were collected.Control group were scaned with conventional technique,experimental group were scaned with SIVP.Results Only 5 cases catched the optimal scan timing in control group,the accuracy of diagnosis in hepatocarcinoma was 70%;All the cases found the optimal scan timing in experimental group,the detectable rate of hepatocarcinoma was 95%.Conclusion SIVP can find out the optimal timing,which greatly improved accuracy of diagnosing hepatocarcinoma in cirrhosis.

Objective To analysis the CT features and differential points of adrenal myelolipoma.Methods The CT and clinical information of 9 adrenal myelolipomas were collected.Results CT diagnosed 8 cases of adrenal myelolipoma except 1 case misdiagnosing as adenoma.All mass measuring 2.8～10.5 cm in diameter with clear edge,low attenuation value of fat and irregular linear shadow of soft tissure might be seen in mass.Conclusion CT is the best examination of diagnosing,which could show the position,component of the mass and organs around it.

Objective To analysis diagnostic CT findings of adrenocortical carcinoma.Methods To collect 13 adrenocortical carcinomas verified by operation and pathology from 1990 to 1999.Results 8 cases were functional tumor and 5 were non-function mass.The diameter of 10 cases was more than 5 centimeters.The density of carcinoma was not equality and necrosis was often be found.The edge of 6 cases were clear and 7 were not clear,3 cases had local invade and metastasis.Conclusion CT can diagnose most of functional adrenocortical carcinoma with clinic syndrome but can not differentiate non-function adrenocortical carcinoma from pheochromocytoma.

Objective To analysis the CT features in 7cases of rare adrenal interstitial tissue tumors.Methods 7 cases of rare adrenal interstitial tissue tumors were verified with operation and histology.2 cases were cyst and 2 were lipoma,neurofibroma,neurilemoma and mesenchymoma was 1 case,respctively.Results Adrenal cyst and lipoma appered the density of water and fat.neurofibroma and neuriemoma were slightly low density mass,without enhancement.There were cystic lesion in neurilemoma.Mesenchymoma had slight or moderate enhancement.Conclusion It is difficult or impossible to distinguish nuerofibroma,neurilemoma or mesenchymoma from non-function adenoma or pheochromocytoma except adrenal cyst and lipoma.