Objective To investigate the effect of comprehensive rehabilitation exercise on the rehabilitation of upper limb function and quality of life in patients with breast cancer. Methods From January 2014 to December 2017,68 cases received breast cancer surgery in Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital were chosen in the research. The patients were randomly divided into observation group (34 cases) and control group (34 cases). All the patients were given routine rehabilitation training,and the observation group was given latissimus dorsi muscle strengthening exercise and simplified 24 Style Taijiquan exercise. The upper limb function rehabilitation and quality of life of the two groups were compared and analyzed. Results At 2 months after operation, the angle of extension, the angle of internal rotation and the adduction strength in the observation group were (39. 43 ± 5. 82)°,(150. 7 ± 10. 34)° and (145. 24 ± 10. 35) N,respectively,which in the control group were (33. 71 ± 5. 28)°,(134. 10 ± 39. 43)° and (119. 57 ± 9. 46)N,respectively,which were significantly improved compared with those before discharge (t=12. 041,3. 883, 11. 807,4. 906,21. 904,11. 617,all P<0. 05),which in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (t=4. 244,6. 166,10. 674,all P<0. 05). The pain,ADL and ROM scores in the observation group at 2 months after operation were ( 13. 27 ± 4. 51 ) points, ( 16. 48 ± 4. 22 ) points and ( 31. 46 ± 5. 64 ) points,respectively,which in the control group were ( 10. 73 ± 4. 15 ) points, ( 12. 05 ± 4. 13 ) points and ( 26. 57 ± 5. 16)points,respectively,which were significantly higher than before discharge (t=5. 238,2. 503,10. 953,5. 531, 12. 872,9. 160,all P<0. 05),which in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (t=2. 417,4. 375,3. 730,all P<0. 05). The WHOQOL-BREF scores in the observation group at 2 months after operation were (17. 24 ± 2. 81) points,(16. 74 ± 3. 18) points,(17. 45 ± 2. 56) points,(33. 48 ± 5. 15) points, (3. 97 ± 1. 05)points and (3. 87 ± 1. 18)points,respectively,which in the control group were (14. 21 ± 3. 08)pionts, (13.81 ±3.28)points,(13.45 ±2.83)points,(28.81 ±4.82)points,(3.26 ±1.16)points,(3.18 ±1.28)points, respectively,compared with those before discharge,the differences were statistically significant(t =9. 669,4. 965, 8. 327,4. 857,10. 522,4. 198,11. 487,7. 132,5. 572,2. 688,5. 178,2. 727,all P<0. 05),which in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(t=4. 238,3. 740,6. 112,4. 638,2. 646,2. 311,all P<0. 05). Conclusion A positive comprehensive rehabilitation exercise for the patients with breast cancer is helpful to the recovery of the function of the upper limb and the improvement of the quality of life of the patients.