Objective Cephalometry has been used to measure the changes of mandibular shape before and after the surgery.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of mandibular angle osteotomy.Methods A lot of 42 cases with complete data were selected,cephalometric analysis were performed before operation and one week and 6 months after surgery,respectively.Furthermore,the data of six months postoperatively were compared to those of the beauty people reported in the literature.Results At one week after surgery,the average distance between the gonions decreased (17.70± 8.46) mm,the average length of the mandibular ramus reduced (5.84±3.26) mm,the average mandibular body length increased (4.61±2.74) mm,the average gonial angle increased (14.78±6.65)°,and the average mandibular plane angle increased (10.29±3.82)° (P＜0.05).At six months postoperatively,the first three linear measurements increased (3.68±2.91) mm,(1.66±2.51) mm and (2.10±2.37) mm,respectively;however,the last two angular measurements reduced (2.86±3.02)°and (1.77±2.62)° respectively.The data of six months postoperatively were compared to those of the beauty people reported in the literature,and there were statistically differences between the linear measurements,but no statistically differences between the angular measurements.Conclusions Re duction mandibuloplasty can modificate mandibular contouring three-dimensionally.Despite bone regeneration resuhs in linear or angular measurements change,postoperative angular shape is predominantly maintained,and so the patients can reach the level of beauty papulation.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of endoscopic-assisted intraoral reduction mandibuloplasty.Methods From January 2010 to December 2014,a total of 186 patients with prominent mandibular angles underwent one stage long-curved ostectomy combined with splitting corticectomy through an intraoral approach with endoscopic assistence according to preoperative design for reduction mandible three-dimensionally,and achieved reduced width of the lower face with smooth curve of mandibular edge.The distance between both gonions was measured and the complications recorded to evaluate the clinical effect of the surgery during follow-up.Results All the 186 patients had no complications of bleeding and infection.The mean distance between both gonions measurement was (117.3±2.5) mm before surgery and (102.6±2.3) mm after operation;it was reduced (14.1 ±2.4)mm.After 1 month to 2 years of follow up,the width of the lower face was reduced in the frontal view and the mandibular angle appeared natural and inconspicuous in the lateral view.The patients were satisfied with both their frontal and lateral appearances.Conclusions Intraoral approach mandibular ostectomy with endoscopic-assisted allows surgeons to perform accurate,safe and reproducible ostectomies and to recontour mandible symmetrically and reduce the complications.

Dental Pulp Cavity ; Humans ; Root Canal Preparation ; Root Canal Therapy