Objective:To compare the effects between improved catheter extubation method and the traditional one on urination pain, urinary retention, first urination time and first urination volume, and to evaluate the advantage of the improved method.Methods:144 patients with indwelling catheters after operation in our department were randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 72 cases in each group. The control group returned to the ward after surgery and began to clamp the urinary tube to train the bladder function, the catheter was removed by traditional method. Observation group: urination reflex was evaluated before extubation, according to more than 250 ml urine in the urine bag. Pumping the saline of the gas bag and injecting back 0.5ml to keep the wall of the bag smooth, eventually the catheter was excreted when urinating. Urethral pain, urinary retention, first micturition time and first micturition volume of two groups were analyzed.Results:Urethral pain, urinary retention, first micturition time in observation group and control group were 1.47±1.48, (20.44±12.98) min, 95.8% (69/72) and 3.11±1.98, (28.03±27.00) min, 83.3% (60/72), respectively, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( t value was -5.644, -2.148, χ2 value was 6.628, all P<0.05). The first micturition volume in observation group and control group were (258.6±41.57) ml and (248.14±48.82) ml, respectively, and there was no significant difference between the two groups ( t value was 1.377, P>0.05). Conclusion:The improved catheter extubation method could significantly reduce the urethral pain, shorten the time of the first urination, and improve the success rate of self-urination, which of clinical promotion.