Objective To investigate the contamination and dietary intake of the aluminium in commercial foods in Shaanxi Province,and evaluate its potential health risks in Shaanxi population.Methods Six hundred and sixty-six samples from 8 kinds of foods in Shaanxi Province were collected from 2013 to 2015.The aluminium contents were detected according to National Food Contamination and Harmful Factors in Risk Monitoring Manual,and dietary intake of aluminium in Shaanxi population was evaluated by point assessment model with of nutritional survey date.Results The average dietary intake of aluminium was 0.154 9 mg/kg BW per day,and the dietary intake of woman aged 18 to 59 years old was the highest,with an average of 0.178 5 mg/kg BW per day.When aluminum intake of the 97.5 percentile,the dietary intake of aluminium in children aged 2 to 7 years old was the highest.The margins of safety (MOS) of all age groups were smaller than 1,while the MOS of high exposure (P97.5) group was above 1.Fried and baked food were the main sources of aluminium exposure in two age groups (2-7 years and 8-12 years old group),while fried food,cold noodle and starch products were the main sources of aluminium exposure for others.Conclusion Dietary intake (tP97.5) of aluminium exceeded the provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI).The dietary intake of aluminium in women and children was high.Fried food was the main sources of aluminium exposure in all age groups.

Objective To evaluated the value of hysteroscopy and dilatation and curettage (DC) in diagnosis of endometrial cancer. Methods This retrospective analysis included clinical pathologic data of 3 676 patients with endometrial cancer from Jan. 1, 2000 to Dec. 31, 2010 in hospitals of endometrial cancer prevention projects in Guangdong Province. Results A total of 3 676 patients with endometrial cancer were divided into DC group (3 211 patients) and hysteroscopy group (465 patients). Compared to the results of pathological diagnosis, the accuracy rate between DC group and in hysteroscopy group were no statistically difference was 91.00%(2 922/3 211) vs 90.75%(422/465;χ2=0.030, P=0.862). The accuracy rate, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of cervical involvement between DC group and hysteroscopy group were 81.28%vs 86.45%(P<0.01), 24.78%vs 23.68%(P>0.05), 93.76%vs 98.71%(P<0.01),46.75%vs 78.26%(P<0.01) and 84.95%vs 86.88%(P>0.05), respectively. Rate of positive peritoneal cytology in DC group was 4.76%(153/3 211), and the rate was 3.23%(15/465) in hysteroscopy group, which were no statistically difference (χ2=2.206, P=0.137). There were no statistically difference in 5-year overall survival (91.02% vs 92.03%;χ2=0.033, P=0.856) and 5-year progression-free survival (89.81%vs 91.83%;χ2=1.508, P=0.219) between DC group and hysteroscopy group. Conclusions Hysteroscopy and dilatation and curettage is an effective method in diagnosis of endometrial cancer, especially hysteroscopy is better in diagnosis of cervical involvement. Hysteroscopy don′t improve risks of positive peritoneal cytology and don′t affect the prognosis of patients with endometrial cancer.

Objective The study aimed to analyze the clinical data of patients with pulmonary embolism and summarize the clinical characteristics of pulmonary embolism,in order to improve the correct diagnostic rate and the prognosis. Methods Data of 178 patients who were cured in our hospital from January 2011 to December 2014 were analyzed retrospectively,including relative risk factors,clinical behaviors,examination data,misdiagnosis and prognosis. Results Patients with pulmonary embolism had related basic diseases and risk factors. Their clinical symptoms,signs and ordinary detection methods indicated pneumatorexis and cardiovascular injury,but lacked of specificity. The misdiagnosis rate of the first diagnosis was 48.88%,including 22 cases of the misdiagnosis to COPD, 18 cases to pneumonia and 16 cases to coronary heart disease. The misdiagnosis rate of elderly patients was 56.36%, while that of the young and middle-aged patients was 36.80%,the difference was statistically significant,P < 0.05. Computed tomography pulmonary angiography(CTPA)could accurately observe the pathological changes of pulmonary embolism,and all the patients were diagnosed by CTPA in the research. 11 cases(10%)of elderly patients died,while 2 cases(2.9%)happened in young and middle-aged patients. There was no statistical significant difference(P > 0.05). Conclusion Although the related risk factors of pulmonary embolism in patients existed,the misdiagnosed rate of the disease was high and prognosis was poor due to many confusing basic diseases. And the symptoms,signs and ordinary inspection of the patients lacked specificity. CTPA,being utilized to diagnose pulmonary embolism reliably,should be promoted.

Objective To investigate the clinical and pathological characteristics between types 1 and 2 endometrial uterine cancers.Methods The clinical materials of 9 437 patients with uterine cancer were collected with retrospective analysis from 62 hospitals during 2000 to 2010.Results The mean age of type 1 endometrial cancers was less than type 2.There were more young patients in type 1 endometrial cancers.The mean menopause age of type 2 endometrial cancers was greater than type 1.The mean age of menarche,obesity,diabetes,hypertension,infertility,and nulliparous were not significant differences between types 1 and 2 endometrial cancers.There were more patients with advanced tumor,deep myometrium invasion,estrogen receptor (ERs) negative,progesterone receptor (PR) negative,P53 positive,lymph vascular space involvement,cervical stromal invasion,adnexal metastasis,and lymph node metastasis in type 2 endometrial cancers.Conclusions Type 2 endometrial uterine cancers occurred in elder people with more pathological risk factors and more malignant biological activities.

Objective To investigate the feasibility and clinical effectiveness of interventional ventricular septal defect(VSD) occlusion using asymmetric occluders in patients whose VSD are adjacent to aortic valves.Methods One hundred and fifty-two patients from our hospital whose VSD were occluded with asymmetric occluders were examined by echocardiography.Dimensions,shapes and shunts of VSD,structures around defects were observed and aortic valve prolapse(AVP) degrees were accessed before the interventions.The patients were followed up periodically after the procedures.The longest follow-up was 6 years.Results Sizes of VSD measured from left ventricular side were larger than those measured from right ventricular side.Twenty-seven cases with VSD had mild AVP.Right sides of defects had adhesions with variable morphological patterns in 85% patients with perimembranous VSD.After occlusion,there were 7 cases showed residual shunt,2 cases with the third degree atrio-ventricular blockages,3 cases appeared aortic-valve regurgitations (AR) and 1 case with slightly increased AR.Conclusions Immediate and medium-term effects of interventional occlusion with asymmetric occluders were satisfactory in the patients with VSD and mild AVP whose aortic valve margin were insufficient to symmetric occluders.Surgical operation should be preferred to patients with VSD and moderate to severe AVP and to very young children.Pre-closure echocardiographic evaluation is critical to the success of interventional closure with asymmetric occluder and the long-term out coming.

Objective To observe the effect of acupuncture and acupoint injection on dementia in elder.Methods 38 old dementia patients were divided into senile dementia(Alzheimer's disease,17 cases)and vascular dementia(21 cases).They were treated with acupuncture and acupoint injection with Piracetam.Results 7 cases improved in senile dementia patients,while 2 cases were excellent,7 cases were good,9 cases improved in vascular dementia patients.Conclusion Acupuncture and acupoint injection with Piracetam is more effective on senile dementia than vascular dementia.

Objective To determine the biological characteristics of human embryonic MSC (hMSCs) and their potential ability of differentiation, and to investigate the survival and distribution of hMSCs after transplantation into the kidney of newborn mice. Methods hMSCs were derived from 4-7 week-old embryos, then primary culture was done. The biological characteristics of hMSCs were detected by immunohistochemical methods and flow cytometry. Their differentiation potential was determined by coculture with conditioning medium. The survival and distribution of PKH-26-stained hMSCs in mice were observed by laser scanning confocal microscope. Results Flow cytometry and immunochemistry staining revealed that the expression of CD29, CD44, CD90, SH-2, OCT-4 was positive significantly, and CD34, CD45 was negative. The cells could be induced to differentiate to osteocytes and adipocytes under special conditions. After transplantation for 1 month, PKH-26-stained hMSCs still existed in the kidney of mice and co-localized in tubular epithelium by confocal microscope. Conclusion hMSCs derived from the early human embryo have the ability of proliferation and differentiation with low immunity, and may be involved in the development of renal tubule in newbem mice.

Objective To explore the ultrasound performance and related factors on the role of normal living rabbit's liver by laser ablation. Methods The rabbit's liver tissue were ablated by Echolaser integrated laser interventional ultrasound system, and the necrosis of the lesion and performance of pathology and anatomy were observed. Results The outline of the lesion was ellipse like. The two-dimensional US showed regular hyperecho area in the center, mild strong echo in the peripheral and mild attenuation backward. Contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) showed a filling defect of contrast media in the ablated area. After dissection, the center of the lesion was slag-like carbon, the peripheral was necrosis area; HE staining showed: the center of the lesion was cavity like and dye-free,peripheral area was irregular red staining, the surrounding area was infiltrative inflammatory cells. Different power and time leaded to differences of the ablative effect and lesion size:the more power and time,the bigger of the ablative size. The ablative effect and lesion size was stable in 3 W 10 min and 5 W 6 min groups and caused the complete necrosis of the zone, there existed statistical differences among the two groups. Conclusions Laser ablation can cause fast, precise, effective and safe necrosis of the liver tissue, and the more power and time, the bigger of the ablative size.

Aim To explore new ways for developing anticancer drugs by the separation of pigment from Fu-sarium species JN158 ( Fusarium sp JN158 ) , the iden-tification of its structure, the screening of anticancer components and the study of its partial mechanism. Methods Pigment separation was done by HPLC, structural analysis by UV, IR, NMR, the screening of anticancer activity by MTT. Western blot was used to analyze the protein expression of CyclinD1, NF-κB, VEGF in tumor cells. Results The results showed that the pigment from Fusarium produced a total of six different peaks, of which peak Ⅵ was the anthocya-nins. Its molecular weight is about 382, molecular for-mula is C17 H18 O10 . According to investigation, this pig-ment was probably a new compound, which could in-hibit the proliferation of MCF-7 cells markedly ( IC50:0.011mmol·L-1 ,P<0.05;the control medicine ube-nimex IC50:10 mmol · L-1 ) in a concentration-de-pendent manner, and had no effect on human umbilical cord intravenous endotheliocyte ( HUVEC ) . The influ-ence on the gene expression of CyclinD1, NF-κB, VEGF in MCF-7 cells varied with the concentration of this compound. The Western blot results showed that VI pigment compound inhibited CyclinD1, NF-κB, VEGF gene expression (P<0.05 or 0. 01),compared with the control group. Conclusion The Ⅵ pigment compound from Fusarium sp JN158 could inhibit MCF-7 proliferation by inhibiting CyclinD1, NF-κB, VEGF gene expression. The compound may be a promising compound against breast cancer.

Objective To investigate the development of early myocardial perfusion with myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) combined with dipyridamole stress echocardiography in diabetic rats . Methods The diabetes mellitus (DM) group comprised 40 male diabetic rats ,induced with streptozotocin . The control group comprised 40 normal male rats ,comparable body weights with the DM group .The DM group was divided into four subgroups (0 week ,2 weeks ,4 weeks and 8 weeks after diabetic model established) and the control group was also divided into four subgroups matched with the DM group .Each rat was performed with conventional echocardiography ,MCE at baseline and after dipyridamole stress .The reserve parameters were compared between the control group and the DM group .In addition ,the differences among four subgroups in the control group and the DM group were compared ,respectively .Results MCE demonstrated that the 4 weeks and 8 weeks DM subgroup had lower myocardial blood velocity reserve and myocardial blood flow reserve than the control subgroup .The myocardial blood volume reserve was reduced in the 8 weeks DM subgroup ,too .Conclusions The impairment of myocardial perfusion in the DM rats are detected earlier with the MCE combined with dipyridamole stress .