During winter-spring season, the respiratory diseases occur frequently such as bronchial asthma, acute trachea-bronchitis, pneumonia, hemoptysis, acute respiratory failure and pleurocele. The main causes were the weather change, deficiency of the resistance ability, which facilitate the development of microbial.
Respiratory Tract Diseases ; Seasons

This paper introduced systematically the classic knowledge of the anti-tuberculosis immune, the reasons, objectives and situation of researches on died BCG in the foreign countries. The studies on the rate of infection and immunization for live BCG, BCG at 43oC, fatty lost BCG and standard BCG in experimental mice have shown that the immunal rate by hypodermic and intradermic injection of died BCG due to the long keeping or keeping at 43oC was the same as this by the live BCG injection. In addition to, the died BCG showed further some advantages.
Mycobacterium bovis ; vaccines

15 cases (13 male, 12 female) with pneumomediastinum were studied in the Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung diseases, from 1995 to 2000. This condition can be seen in some diseases such as tuberculosis, alveolar dilatation, broncho pulmonary - chronic obstruction must be urgently managed. Tube drainage in the only method for quickly carried out. A pond from urgent management, the cause of this condition must be treated. In 12 of 15 cases, good results were attained
Mediastinal Emphysema ; Tuberculosis ; Drainage ; Mediastinum

The morphological changes of the allergic immunological lesion is difficult to realize. In 1975, Gell and Coombs classified the allergic- immunological reactions into 4 types. The type I included the anti bodies causes sensitivity for tissues by binding with the mastocytes leading to release of the mediate chemicals. The reactions occurs early and severe which damages mainly the circulation system and organs with smooth muscles. The type II causes cellular toxic and cellulicidal. The type III causes the the tissue lesions due to the toxicity of the antigen antibody complex. The type IV includes the tuberculin reaction. The pneumobronchial allergic-immunological deases according to the classification of Gell and Coombs included the type I reactions: the pneumobronchial diseases with the antigen- antibody reactions (prophylatic, asthma, respiratory allergy: type IV; hypersensityvity occurs only within 24-72 hours after exposured with the antigen, not related with the antibody but related with the cell, found most frequent in the microbial,viral and parasitological infections and the dermatological reactions due to induction with the normal chemicals
Bronchial Hyperreactivity ; Hypersensitivity ; Immune System Diseases

M.D. Pham Ngoc Thach was born in May 7th, 1899. He was assigned as the first Minister of Health of Vietnam in 1945. Although there were many complicated and difficult problems in the people and soldier health protection and care, he led the health sector to manage these timely and effectively. He was a first doctor for tuberculosis profession in Vietnam and contributed significantly to this profession. He was a researcher of people and for people and a good manager.
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; Health Occupations

This study was conducted to compare the efficacy of sandostatine with vasopressin in hemoptitis due to pulmonary tuberculosis. In general, the control rate of bleeding in sandostatine group was better than that in the vasopressin group. As shown in angiography, 2-5 minutes after injection of 0.05 mg of sandostatine, bronchial arteries, which were largely dilated in hemoptitis, are spectacularly constricted. Sandostatine had also fewer side effects than those of vasopressine
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; Octreotide ; Hemoptysis

In five years (1993-1997), 17 hemothorax entered our Emergency Department. Among them, 8 cases have been treated by internal procedures (transfusion, perfusion, adrenoxyl, vitamin K etc), 9/17 cases have been treated by surgical intervention when internal procedures cannot manage the bleeding. All of them were discharged after a few days of hospitalization with successful results
Hemothorax ; Hemorrhage

The tuberculosis prevention and control is urgent national and global problem. It should contain the tuberculosis spread and prevent tuberculosis from drug resistance. This paper introduced some solutions including strengthening of the national program of tuberculosis control; all patients with tuberculosis must be treated; rational and safe use of the chemotherapy; and the tuberculosis control program should be socialized
Tuberculosis ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; prevention & control

More than 50 cytokines were found in which interleukine and lymphokine found. The genes that encoded the cytokines were isolated and manufactured by the genetic technology to apply to the treatment. The cytokines have many roles but 3 major roles including. The modulation and maintenance of the cell living, cell proliferatives and cell growth and differentiation
Tuberculosis ; Cytokines ; Lung Diseases

ELISA (enzyme - linked immunosoebent assay) described firstly by Engvall. E and Perlmann P in 1972, is great turning - point in the diagnosis of tuberculosis. The technique can find antibody IgG and some antigen of M. tuberculosis that usually utilized to find antibodies against antigens (glucolipid: LDS, DAT, PGL, and Tb1; sonicate M-T and secrete). The ELISA also utilized to diagnose the tubercular meningitis and non- - pulmonary tuberculosis, especially patients with tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS infection
Tuberculosis ; Immunization ; diagnosis