Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a highly prevalent health problem with considerable impact on the quality of men and their partners.There are many drawbacks in the existing ED treatment.Stem cells have the function of self-renewal and differentiation into various cell types.Gene therapy mainly focuses on the regulation of various transmitters and enzymes in nitricoxide synthase/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (NOS/c GMP) pathway,growth factors,peptides and channel proteins,which make them have broad application prospects in the field of ED treatment.In recent years,stem cell and gene therapy of ED have achieved initial results.This article aims to review the latest research progress in this field.