In the mid-1980s,nitric oxide(NO),a gaseous signal molecule caused widespread concern in the field of science,and was named asthe star molecule of the 1990s by Science.Gaseous signal molecule is a new concept in various scientific areas,which has created a new situation of scientific research.NO is an important substance in regulating the physiological functions of the body,and it has physiological significance of regulating vascular tension,regulating blood pressure and inhibiting vascular smooth muscle proliferation in the cardiovascular system.NO also shows important pathophysiological significance in the pathogenesis of hypertension,atherosclerosis,hypercholesteremia and pulmonary hypertension.

Objective To study the inhibit efficiency of lake sediment phosphorus release by adding chemical reagents and to provide the technical basis for the comprehensive management of city lake.Methods In May 20,2008,Mochou Lake upper sediment and water samples were collected.The phosphorus forms of sediments,total phosphorus(TP),NaOH-P,HCl-P,inorganic phosphorus(IP),organic phosphorus(OP) were analyzed and the pH value and content of TP in water samples were determined.Each water(250 ml)-sediment(10 g) system was respectively added by 0-1 000.0 mg/L of Ca(OH)2,2.0-10.0 mg/L of A12(S04)3 and 0-25.0 mg/L of FeCl3.The pH value and content of TP in water were determined,then the control rate of TP release were calculated.Results The pH values were between 7.6-8.0,TP content was 2.0 mg/L in water of Mochou Lake.The contents of TP,HCl-P,NaOH-P,IP,OP were 2 187.06,1 383.89,526.48,1 910.37 and 276.69 mg/kg respectively.With the increase of Ca(OH)2 concentration,pH value of water increased rapidly,content of TP showed a decreasing trend,control rate of TP release was increased.With the increase of A12(SO4)3 or FeCl3 concentration,pH value of water declined slightly,content of TP showed a decreasing trend,control rate of TP release was increased.Conclusion Ca(OH)2,A12(SO4)3,FeCl3 can significantly inhibit the phosphorus release of sediments in Mochou Lake.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of dysmenorrhea in patients with adenomyosis treated by high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation combined with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) and levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS). Methods From April 2012 to December 2015, 477 cases of adenomyosis patients with dysmenorrhea were treated by HIFU in the Third Xiangya Hospital. Among them, some patients were treated with HIFU alone, some of them were treated with HIFU combined with GnRH-a and (or) LNG-IUS, thus were classified as H group, H+G group, H+M group and H+G+M group. The improvements of clinical results were compared among the four groups and the influencing factors of HIFU treatment for adenomyosis were also analyzed. Results During the follow-up period, the overall effective rates of the treatment decreased with time, 3 months 89.4% (345/386), 12 months 84.0%(221/263), 24 months 74.2%(98/132), and the overall recurrence rate was 12.9%(39/303). The significant difference in the curative at 3 months [H group 83.7%(170/203), H+M group 95.0%(95/100), H+G group 100.0%(43/43), H+G+M group 96.8%(30/31)], 12 months [H group 79.4%(123/155), H+M group 93.2%(69/74), H+G group 11/12, H+G+M group 15/17], and 24 months [H group 68.0%(51/75), H+M group 96.4% (27/28), H+G group 6/12, H+G+M group 15/15] after HIFU treatment and recurrence rate [H group 19.0%(29/153), H+M group 3.3%(3/90), H+G group 19.4%(6/31), H+G+M group 4.5%(1/22)] were observed among the four groups (P<0.05). Pairwise comparison further showed that, in 3 months after the treatment, the effect of H group was significantly lower than those of H+M group and H+G group (P=0.003, P=0.005);in 12 months after the treatment, the effect of H group was significantly lower than that of H+M group (P=0.006);while in 24 months after treatment, the effect of H group was significantly lower than that of H+G+M group (P=0.005), and the effect of H+G group was lower than that of H+G+M group (P=0.001); and the recurrence rate of H group was significantly higher than that of H+M group (P<0.008). In patients of group H, the effect of HIFU was related to uterine size, the effect of patients with large uterine volume was significantly higher than that of small volume of uterine of patients (P=0.017, OR=2.739, 95%CI:1.200-6.251); with increasing of age, the improvement of dysmenorrhea had a increasing trend (P<0.05). Conclusions HIFU combined with GnRH-a and (or) LNG-IUS could improve the treatment effect in relief of dysmenorrhea. Based on our results, individual treatment protocol should be selected for different patients.

Objective:To investigate the effects of ultrasound-guided intervention with methotrexate combined with lauromacrogol on uterine wall thickness and menstrual recovery time in patients with uterine scar pregnancy.Methods:Sixty patients with uterine scar pregnancy who received treatment in Jinhua Wenrong Hospital, Jinhua Central Hospital, and Yiwu Maternity and Children Hospital from February 2019 to February 2020 were included in this study. They were randomly assigned to receive either uterine artery embolization treatment ( n = 30, control group) or ultrasound-guided interventions with methotrexate combined with lauromacrogol ( n = 30, study group). The success rate of treatment, uterine wall thickness at the scar, menstrual recovery time, hospitalization time, hospitalization expenses, incidence of adverse reactions, serum levels of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) after 7 days of treatment and uterine wall thickness before and after treatment were compared between the study and control groups. Results:After treatment, the success rate of treatment in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group [96.67% (29/30) vs. 70.00% (21/30), χ 2 = 7.680, P < 0.05]. Before treatment, there were no significant differences in β-HCG and hs-CRP levels between the control and study groups ( t = -0.197, 0.197, both P > 0.05). After treatment, serum level of β-HCG in the control and study groups was significantly decreased ( t = 22.803, 10.233, both P < 0.01), and serum level of hs-CRP in the control and study groups was significantly increased ( t = -16.357, 7.854, both P < 0.001) compared with before treatment. After treatment, there were no significant differences in serum β-HCG and hs-CRP levels between the control and study groups ( t = 20.413, -20.306, both P < 0.05). After treatment, the incidence of adverse reactions in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group [6.67% (2/30) vs. 30.00% (9/30), χ 2 = 5.455, P < 0.05). After treatment, menstrual recovery time, hospitalization time and hospitalization expenses in the study group were shorter or less than those in the control group ( t = 5.080, 5.398, 7.599, all P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the thickness of uterine wall at the scar site between the two groups ( t = -1.045, P > 0.05). Conclusion:Ultrasound-guided intervention with methotrexate combined with lauromacrogol for treatment of uterine scar pregnancy can effectively increase the success rate of treatment, promote the restoration of menstruation, shorten the length of hospital stay, and is highly safe.

Objective to probe the potential application and advantages of heuristic method in the film-reading session of Imaging Radiology.Methods 66 eight-year program clinical medical juniors in the grade of 2008 to 2010 in Beijing University were selected as the subject and were evenly divided into two groups.Experimental group(n=33) was taught with heuristic method,in which the teacher ask questions and lead the students to find the way to solve problems in the way of clinical thinking mode.Control group(n=33) was taught with didactic method.The analysis of final examination of radiology course and an anonymous questionnaire survey were carried out at the end of semester,and the questionnaire survey to the students in grade 2008 and 2009 was conducted again after 1 years of their clinical practice.Results The score of students in experimental group were higher than those of control group (P=0.015,0.001,0.026 for the students in the grade of 2008,2009 and 2010 seperately).The two survey shows that the experimental group is better than the control group in the aspects of learning interest,clinical thinking ability,clinical application ability,solving difficult problem ability and language expression ability.Conclusion In the medical imaging practice teaching for clinical medical specialty undergraduate,the reasonable application of heuristic teaching,helps to improve students' learning enthusiasm and initiative,helps to cultivate medical students' ability of clinical application,and at the same time,can also improve teachers' teaching level.

Objective To discuss the reasons of false judgments of localization of the rupture aneurysms and find the way to fix this problem in patients with multiple intracranial aneurysms. Methods The clinical data of 25 consecutive patients, who presented with their first spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage and had multiple intracranial aneurysms from 2003 to 2009 in our hospital, were analyzed retrospectively. The rupture aneurysms were determined according to Nehls' method that reported before, and the supposed responsible rupture aneurysms w0ere clipped within 48 hours after hemorrhage in all patients. More aneurysms that could not be accessed in the same surgical session were surgically terated later. Results The location of the rupture aneurysm was verified at the time of surgery in all 25 patients. The concordance rate of the prediction and the reality of the rupture aneurysm was 80% (20/25). Four patients ( 16% ) ,in whom the ruptured aneurysm was not correctly identified,rebled after surgery,and 2 patients died as a result of the rebleeding One patients had no clear diagnosis at the end. Conclusion In the reported cases, about 80% rupture aneurysms could be correctly diagnosed before treatment according to the CT and DSA examinations. If clear diagnosis couldn't be made,additional examinations should be considered, such as CTA or MRI. Rupture aneurysms must be confirmed during the operation and the other aneurysms should be checked to exclude additional responsible aneurysms in all cases.

Objective To study the angle and articular facet curvature of lumbar zygapophyseal joints in adults.Methods The lumbar zygapophyseal joints in 120 healthy subjects without lumbar diseases were detected using spiral CT and mutiple planner re-construction.The angle and articular facet curvature of zygapophyseal joints were measured.The differences in the measured param-eters between male and female or different age groups were compared.Results ①There were no significant differences in the angle of the same lumbar zygapophyseal joints between males and females or different age groups (P >0.05);however,the significant differences in the angle between different lumbar segments were found (P <0.05).②There were no significant differences in articu-lar facet curvature of the same lumbar zygapophyseal joints between males and females or different age groups (P >0.05);however, there were significant differences in the curvature between different lumbar segments (P <0.05).The maximum articular facet cur-vature of L3-L4 was 22.1°±6.0°.Conclusion The angle and articular facet curvature of lumbar zygapophyseal joints varies from different lumbar segments with different contributions for the lumbar stability.

Background and purpose:Papillary renal cell carcinomas (PRCC) is relatively infrequent, and there are few related researches in China. This study aimed to summarize the clinical and pathological features of PRCC, and evaluate prognostic factors for patients treated with surgery.Methods:A total of 64 patients who under-went surgery for PRCC were retrospectively assessed. PRCC tissue slides from each patient were reviewed for type (ⅠorⅡ), grade, TNM stage, coagulative tumor necrosis and microvascular invasion. We estimated overall survival using the Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariate analysis was done according to the Cox proportional hazards model of factors statistically signiifcant on univariate analysis. Results:The incidence rate of ENE was 6.04%in RCC, the median age was 55 (range 22 to 78) years. The comparison of the 22 (534.4%) typeⅠPRCCs and 42 (65.6%) typeⅡPRCCs revealed that typeⅡtumors were associated with a greater stage and grade more often. The median follow-up was 46 months (range 19 to 133). Of the 64 patients, 14 died, (4.5%) with typeⅠand 13 (31.0%) with typeⅡtumors (P=0.018). The overall survival rate was 85.7%in typeⅠtumors and 55.8%in typeⅡtumors, respectively. Univariate analysis identiifed symptoms at presentation, tumor type, TNM stage and grade as prognostic factors. On multivariate analysis only metastatic RCC remained associated with decreased overall survival (HR:14.78, P=0.004). Conclusion:The per-centage of PRCC is lower and typeⅡPRCC is relatively common compared with foreign data. Metastasis at diagnosis is an independent predictive parameter of overall survival in Chinese patients with PRCC.

Objective To evaluate the effect of computer-aided design of composite materials with epoxide acrylate maleic (E) and hydroxyapatite (H) in cranioplasty. Methods A total of 45 patients with cranium defects were treated with cranioplasty by using skull bone flaps made of composite materials including epoxide acrylate maleic (E) and hydroxyapatite (H) ,which was designed with computer aid according to individual requirements. The patients were followed up for 6-36 months. Results After cranioplasty with composite EH, there occurred subcutaneous fluid in one patient and mild bone collapse in one. The composite EH showed good histocompatibility, with no infection or rejection. Conclusion During cranioplasty, use of computer-aided design of composite EH takes advantages of good accuracy, short operation time, good biocompatibility and good clinical efficiency.

BACKGROUND:Perioperative high hidden blood loss affects the recovery of joint function after total hip replacement. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the reliability of the Mini Nutritional Assessment on evaluating the nutritional status in elderly patients with femoral neck fracture on admission, and to investigate the effect of nutritional status variation on hidden blood loss after total hip replacement. METHODS:234 elderly patients with femoral neck fracture underwent total hip replacement. By using Mini Nutritional Assessment, patients were randomly divided into three groups:wel-nourishment group (n=52), malnourishment at risk group (n=92), and malnourishment group (n=90). The results were used to analyze the correlation of Mini Nutritional Assessment and serological nutrition indicators, and to hidden blood loss. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Hidden blood loss:101 patients suffered from high hidden blood loss. Hidden blood loss, its proportion to total blood loss and incidence of high hidden blood loss gradual y increased with the deterioration of the nutritional status (P<0.05). (2) Mini Nutritional Assessment:Pre-operative Mini Nutritional Assessment score, and the incidence of hidden blood loss evaluated by albumin, prealbumin, transferrin, lymphocyte count, the percentage of lymphocytes and hemoglobin was significantly higher in patients with high hidden blood loss than those with low hidden blood loss (P<0.01). (3) Results of correlation analysis:High hidden blood loss was positively correlated with pre-operative Mini Nutritional Assessment, albumin, prealbumin, transferrin, the percentage of lymphocytes and hemoglobin (P<0.05). (4) These findings confirm that risk evaluation with Mini Nutritional Assessment is a reliable method to assess the nutritional status in elderly patients undergoing total hip replacement. Its combination with various serum nutrition indicators can determine high hidden blood loss and the prognosis.