AIM　To study the effect of NO on dependence and tolerance of NM in the guinea pig ileum in vitro. METHODS　The segment of the guinea pig ileum were suspended in organ chambers for measuring withdrawal responses are expressed as ratio of naloxone(100 nmol·L-1)and Ach (100 nmol*L-1) contraction respenses and measuring inhibitory effects of NM for contractions evoked by electric stimulation. RESULTS　After the segment of the ileum was incubated with NM (200 nmol*L-1), NM (200 nmol·L-1) plus L-Arg (0.1 mmol·L-1) ,at 4℃ for 24 h respectively, the ratio are 0.89±0.02, 0.90±0.02, (n=6) P>0.05. The ratio of NM (200 nmol·L-1) plus NOArg (0.1 mmol·L-1) is 0.47±0.05,compared with control (n=6,P<0.01). After the segment of the ileum was incubated with NM (500 nmol·L-1), NM (500 nmol·L-1) plus L-Arg (0.1 mmol·L-1) at 37℃ for 3 h respectively,the sensitivities of the preparations for NM were reduced significantly,their concentration-response curves were shift to right (P<0.01).In the segment of the ileum incubaled with NM (500 nmol·L-1) and NG-nitro-L-Arginime ( NOArg 0.1 mmol·L-1) at 37℃ for 3 h,the sensitivities of the preparations for NM was unchange (P>0.05).CONCLUSIONS　These results suggest that NO has important role on dependence and tolerance of NM in the guinea pig ileum.

Objective: To study the relationship between social support,self-consistency and congruence,and subjective well-being of university students.Methods: 360 college students were measured with SSRS,SCCS,SWLS and PANAS.Results: ①Correlation analysis showed that,social support,self-harmony,life satisfaction and positive effects correlated positively with each other(r=0.12~0.28,P

0.05. The ratio of NM (200 nmol? L-l) plus NOArg (0.1 mmol. L-1 ) is 0.47 ? 0.05, compared with control (n = 6, P 0 .05). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that NO has important role on dependence and tolerance of NM in the guinea Pig ileum.

Fifty-two patients with chronic thrombeembolism (41 male, 11 female) aged 33-67 yr underwent pulmonary endarterectomy between 1997-2008. Anesthesia was induced with etomidate, fentanyl/ sufentanil and rocuronium/vecuronium and maintained with large doses of narcotics supplemented with low concentrations of isoflurane/sevoflurane if necessary. Swan-Ganz catheter was placed after induction of anesthesia. Trausesophageal echocardiography was monitored. Bilateral pulmonary thromboembolism was performed using profound hypothermia with circulatory arrest. After operation, 35 patients still had sustained pulmonary hypertension (67%). Nervous system complications occurred in 7 patients ( 14% ). Six patients developed lung bleeding (12%) during and after operation and 4 patients infection (8%). The mortality was 15%.

Ojective To study the anesthesia technique for video-assisted thoracoscopic coronary artery bypass surgery (VATCABS). Methods The anesthesia of 14 VATCABS were reviewed retrospectively. Results The average dose of Fentanyl was (13.3?7 3)?g/kg Six (42.9%) of 14 cases were extubated at the operating room, while other 8 cases (57.9%) were extubated (4.71?2.21) hours after operation. The time of ICU stay was (45.2?35.5) hours. No anesthesia related complications were found perioperatively. Conclusions "Fast track" anesthesia technique is suitable for VATCABS.

From June 2004 to December 2005 anesthesia was done for 43 patients undergoing orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT) in Fuwai Hospital. Most patients were premedicated with oral diazepam 5-10 mg, and intramuscular morphine 0.2 mg?kg-1 and scopolamine 0.1-0.3 mg. Radial artery was cannulated and Swan-Ganz catheter was placed. ECG, direct BP, HR, CVP, PAP, CO, SpO2, SvO2, PETCO2 were monitored before and during operation. Anesthesia was induced with midazolam 1-3 mg, etomidate 0.2-0.3 mg?kg-1 , fentanyl 5-15?g?kg-1 or sufentanil 50-100?g, vecuronium 0.1 mg?kg-1 or rocuronium 0.6 mg?kg-1 , and maintained with isoflurane inhalation and propofol infusion and intermittent i. v. boluses of fentanyl or sufentanil and vecuronium. Hemodynamic suppression was mild during anesthesia. The average duration of aortic cross-clamping and CPB was 57-133 min and 123-230 min. The cardiovascular support used for weaning the patients from CPB included dopamine, ephedrine and isoproterenol. Nitroglycerin, NO and iloprost were administered for pulmonary artery vasodilation. Pacing was started at the termination of CPB because of bradycardia in 1 of 43 patients. Sinus rhythm appeared after the patients were weaned from CPB and the function of the transplanted heart was satisfactory. Basiliximab, cyclosporine A, cellcept and methyl prednisolone were administered for immunosuppression during perioperative period. Forty-two of the 43 patients were discharged from hospital without any rejection episodes or other complications. One patient died of multiple organ failure after heart-kidney transplantation.

Objective To explore the application and value of three-dimensional reconstruction technology in diagnosis and surgical therapy of ground-glass opacity.Methods We analyzed 188 cases with GGO during October 2012 and October 2014 in Shanghai First People’s Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao tong University School of Medicine respectively.Several relative parameters based on three-dimensional reconstruction were selected to differentiate GGO pathology .By ROC curve anal-ysis, optimal cut-off points were determined.Volume-doubling time(VDT) was calculated among 104 cases which had been following up at least for three months and compared among AAH, MIA and IAC.Results Cases’ mean age was 56.66 ± 9.673years(ranged from 27 to 82 years) with 67 males and 121 females.The diameter(P<0.001), total volume(TV)(P<0.001), the maximum CT attenuation(MAX)(P<0.001) and standard deviation of distribution of CT attenuation within the whole GGO(STD)(P=0.015) of malignant group were significant larger than those of benign ones except for average CT at-tenuation(AVG)(P=0.094).The AUC were just 0.64-0.80 when differentiated benign group from AIS, benign group from MIA and AAH from MIA in comparison to 0.70-0.95 when it comes to differentiating benign group and AAH from IAC .Ad-ditionally, the optimal cut-off points were 13.5-15.5 mm in diameter, 400-600 mm3 in TV, -110 -20 Hu in MAX and 120-160 in STD.The mean VDT was 865.00 ±111.33, 464.67 ±44.40 and 238.36 ±76.71 for AAH, MIA and IAC re-spectively(AAH/MIA P<0.001, MIA/IAC P=0.003).Conclusion The diameter, TV, MAX and STD of GGO based on three-dimensional reconstruction could discriminate GGO availably .Combined utilization of HRCT and three-dimensional re-construction has a valuable significance in diagnosis and treatment of GGO .

Objective:To evaluate the treatment strategy of primary shortening plus secondary lengthening for Gustilo ⅢC open fractures in the lower limb.Methods:From January 2010 to January 2018, 12 patients (8 males and 4 females) with complex Gustilo ⅢC open fracture in the lower limb received emergency treatment at Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wuhan Fourth Hospital. Their ages ranged from 22 to 67 years (average, 41.2 years). All patients were complicated with bone and soft tissue defects associated with nerve and vascular injury in the lower limb. The sizes of soft tissue defects ranged from 4 cm × 2 cm to 17 cm × 12 cm; the main arteries were shortened after debridement by an average of 4.2 cm (from 1.2 cm to 8.3 cm); the broken nerves were shortened after debridement by an average of 4.0 cm (from 1.0 cm to 8.1 cm); the tibial shaft defects averaged 6.3 cm in length (from 2.0 to 9.6 cm). All cases were treated at the first stage by emergency debridement and shortening at the fracture site to directly repair the damaged bone, blood vessels and nerves before the wound was covered. After the limb survived and the wound completely healed, an Ilizarov external fixator was installed to lengthen the limb by bone transport. Recorded were speed of bone lengthening, time with external fixation and complications. The lower limb functions were evaluated at the last follow-up by Paley criteria.Results:The 12 patients were followed up for 14 to 32 months (average, 19.1 months). All the limbs survived with no serious infection. The shortening ranged from 2.0 to 8.2 cm (average, 3.6 cm); the mean speed of bone transport was 0.87 mm/day; the time with external fixation ranged from 11 to 16 months (average, 13.2 months); the bony union was achieved after 10 to 14 months (average, 11.2 months). Postoperative horseshoe inversion was reported in 7 patients, and needle tract infection below Dahl grade 3 in 2 cases. According to Paley criteria, the function of lower limb was rated as excellent in 8 cases, as good in 3 cases, and as fair in one.Conclusion:The treatment strategy of primary shortening plus secondary lengthening using Ilizarov technique has lowered the risk for limb salvage and the surgical difficulty, leading to fine clinical outcomes.

Hepatocellular carcinoma is a typical chronic inflammatory-associated malignancy. Chronic inflammation continuously damages the reticuloendothelial system of the liver and leads to impairment of immune surveillance, which in turn leads to dysregulation of the immune environment. Immune escape caused by impaired surveillance system can improve the immunogenicity of tumor, which plays an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors. Studies have shown that the indicators including immune inflammatory cells such as neutrophils, platelets and lymphocytes can predict the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma, the individualized treatment and early intervention for patients on this basis is expected to improve the prognosis of patients. The article introduces the role of immune cells in the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma, and summarizes the relationship between peripheral blood immune inflammatory indicators and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

OBJECTIVES: To observe and analyze the confirmed cases of paternity testing, and to explore the mutation rules of STR loci. METHODS: The mutant STR loci were screened from 20 723 confirmed cases of paternity testing by Goldeneye 20A system．The mutation rates, and the sources, fragment length, steps and increased or decreased repeat sequences of mutant alleles were counted for the analysis of the characteristics of mutation-related factors. RESULTS: A total of 548 mutations were found on 19 STR loci, and 557 mutation events were observed. The loci mutation rate was 0.07‰-2.23‰. The ratio of paternal to maternal mutant events was 3.06:1. One step mutation was the main mutation, and the number of the increased repeat sequences was almost the same as the decreased repeat sequences. The repeat sequences were more likely to decrease in two steps mutation and above. Mutation mainly occurred in the medium allele, and the number of the increased repeat sequences was almost the same as the decreased repeat sequences. In long allele mutations, the decreased repeat sequences were significantly more than the increased repeat sequences. The number of the increased repeat sequences was almost the same as the decreased repeat sequences in paternal mutation, while the decreased repeat sequences were more than the increased in maternal mutation. CONCLUSIONS There are significant differences in the mutation rate of each locus. When one or two loci do not conform to the genetic law, other detection system should be added, and PI value should be calculated combined with the information of the mutate STR loci in order to further clarify the identification opinions.
Alleles ; DNA Mutational Analysis/methods* ; Family ; Genetic Loci ; Humans ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Mutation ; Mutation Rate ; Paternity