OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and resistance of fungi isolated from hemopathy patients,and to provide the laboratorial data in order to prevent and treat infection caused by fungi more effectively.METHODS Strains were isolated from the upper respiratory tract,lower respiratory tract,genitourinary tract,alimentary tract;and perianal region,perineum,and the soft tissue and skin wounds.Antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical isolates was tested by broth microdilution susceptibility test.RESULTS Candida albicans,Aspergillus,tropicalis,C.krusei,and C.glabrata were the main fungi of total 3104 detected isolates.The resistance rates of C.albicans and C.tropicalis to fluconazole,itraconazole and 5-flucytosine were no more than 1.4%.The MIC50-MIC90 range of C.tropicalis for itraconazole was narrow(0.25-0.5 mg/L),but that was wide for fluconazole(0.25-4.0 mg/L).CONCLUSIONS C.albicans,Aspergillus,C.tropicalis,C.krusei,and C.glabrata are possibly the most common pathogens causing endogenous and exogenous fungi infection.The main infection sites of Aspergillus are the upper respiratory tract and lower respiratory tract,which may be associated possibly with ward's air quality.The MIC50to MIC90 range of C.tropicalis is wider for fluconazole than for itraconazole,which is possibly correlated with overexpression of CtMDR1 in C.tropicalis caused by the widely application of fluconazole in therapy.

ObjectiveTo discuss the central modulating mechanisms while acupuncturing the Stomach 36[ST36(Zusanli)]by brain functional imaging with positron emission tomography (PET).MethodsPET imaging of whole brain was performed in a group of six healthy subjects during two stimulation paradigms: pseudo acupuncture and real acupuncture at acupoint ST36(Zusanli). The data on cerebral glycometabolism,obtained by using PET,was analyzed by using statistical parametric mapping (SPM).ResultsThere was certain increase of glycometabolism in ipsilateral hypothalamus,back of medulla oblongata;bilateral insular lobe; contralateral paracentral lobule,superior part of precentral and postcentral gyrus,opercular part of frontal and temporal lobe,middle part of cingulate gyrus,head of caudate nucleus,middle part of the back of midbrain and pons,and deep part of cerebellum,whereas decrease in ipsilateral superior part of precentral and postcentral gyrus and lateral part of ipsilateral anterior cerebellar lobe,while acupuncturing at acupoint ST36(Zusanli on the right leg).ConclusionsThe central modulating mechanisms of acupuncturing ST36 are realized by neural and neuroendocrine network modulation mechanisms of vegetative nerve center in cortex and subcortex.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of leuprolide acetate in the treatment of endometriosis. Methods From Nov. 2007 to Oct. 2012, the patients who confirmed to be endometriosis were randomly divided into test group of 113 cases and control group of 116 cases. The test drug was the sustained-release agent of leuprolide acetate. The control drug was Enantone. The drugs were used for 3 times in total. After treatment, the ovarian mass volumes measured with type-B ultrasound, the scores of the patient′s subjective symptoms during non-menstrual and menstruation days, the pelvic signs during non-menstrual days, the changes of hormones [estradiol (E2), FSH, LH], and adverse events were observed. Results After the treatment, the rate of changes of ovarian mass volume (among them, at 12 weeks after the first injection, the median was -55.83% in the test group, -68.22% in the control group, P=0.336), the distinct improvement rate of symptom scores and pelvic signs during non-menstrual days [among them, at 12 weeks after the first injection, the rate of lower abdomen pain was 47.5%(48/101) in the test group, 44.0%(44/100) in the control group, P=0.881], the hormone (E2, FSH, LH) levels [among them, at 12 weeks after the first injection, the serum level of E2, was (33±38) pmol/L in the test group, (38± 40) pmol/L in the control group, P=0.414;the serum level of FSH, was (5.1±2.8) U/L in the test group, (5.3± 2.3) U/L in the control group, P=0.666;the serum level of LH, was (0.6±0.8) U/L in the test group, (0.6±0.9) U/L in the control group, P=0.907], had no statistically significant difference between the two groups (all P>0.05). The distinct improvement rate and improvement rate of symptom (lower abdomen pain, low back pain) scores during menstruation days at 12 weeks after the first injection, the rates of lower abdomen pain were 73.9%(34/46), 15.2%(7/46) respectively in the test group, 72.3%(34/47), 2.1%(1/47) respectively in the control group, had statistically significant difference between the two groups (P=0.026). There was no serious adverse event occurred in both two groups. The incidence rate of adverse event was 33.6%(38/113) in test group, 23.2% (27/116) in control group, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P=0.082). Conclusion Leuprolide acetate is effective and safe in the treatment of endometriosis.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the method for content determination of chlorogenic acid and periplocin in Miao medicine Periploca forrestii. METHODS:HPLC method was adopted. The determination was performed on Xtimate C18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid solution(gradient elution)at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 220 nm,and column temperature was maintained at 25 ℃. The sample size was 10 μL. Cluster analysis was conducted according to the content of chlorogenic acid and periplocin in samples by SPSS 23.0 software. RESULTS:The linear range of chlorogenic acid and periplocin were 0.040 6-1.8 μg(r＝0.999 4)and 0.016 8-2.3 μg(r＝0.999 9),respectively. RSDs of precision,stability and repeatability tests were all lower than 5.0%. The quantitation limits were 0.918 0,0.084 3 μg/mL, and detection limits were 0.102 0,0.025 3 μg/mL, respectively. RSD of durability were lower than 3.0%. The recoveries were 102.66%-104.00%(RSD＝0.53%,n＝6),96.44%-100.79%(RSD＝1.73%,n＝6),respectively. RSD of durability were lower than 3.0%. The result indicated that 18 batches of samples were divided into 3 categories by cluster analysis. S2,S4,S10,S12 and S14-S18 were divided into one category;S1,S3,S5-S7,S9,S11 and S13 were divided into another category;S8 was regarded as one category. CONCLUSIONS:The method can be applied for quality control and evaluation of P. forrestii. The contents of chlorogenic acid and periplocin in P. forrestii from different producing areas are different greatly. There is a certain correlation between the content of each component and the producing area.

Objective To explore the value of percutaneous oxygen partial pressure monitoring in prognosis evaluation of patients with acute heart failure (AHF). Methods A total of 91 patients with AHF due to various reasons admitted to the emergency department of the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from July 2017 to June 2018 were enrolled. Dynamic monitoring data of arterial blood gas, percutaneous oxygen partial pressure monitoring and noninvasive cardiac output monitoring (NICOM) of all of the patients at the time of diagnosis (before treatment) and 6 hours after treatment were recorded, including arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), blood lactic acid (Lac), percutaneous oxygen partial pressure (TcPO2), percutaneous carbon dioxide partial pressure (TcPCO2), cardiac output (CO) and stroke volume (SV). The 10-minute oxygen challenge test value (OCT), oxygen and carbon dioxide offsets were calculated. The patients were divided into survival group and non-survival group according to 28-day survival situation, and the differences in above parameters were compared between the two groups. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to analyze the predictive value of percutaneous partial oxygen pressure monitoring for the prognosis of patients with AHF. Results All the 91 patients were enrolled in the analysis, among whom 26 died on 28 days and 65 survived, with a mortality of 28.6%. Before treatment, 10-minute OCT in the non-survival group was significantly lower than that in the survival group [mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa):41.0±3.9 vs. 45.6±3.2, P < 0.01], and the carbon dioxide offset was significantly higher than that in the survival group [(0.51±0.11)% vs. (0.37±0.11)%, P < 0.01]. However, there was no statistically significant difference in PaO2, PaCO2, TcPO2, TcPCO2, oxygen offset, CO, SV or Lac between the two groups. After 6 hours of treatment, TcPCO2, oxygen offset and carbon dioxide offset in the non-survival group were significantly higher than those in the survival group [TcPCO2 (mmHg): 36.0±2.8 vs. 33.2±2.8, oxygen offset: (0.25±0.05)% vs. (0.22±0.06)%, carbon dioxide offset: (0.29±0.12)% vs. (0.16±0.13)%, all P < 0.05], TcPO2, 10-minute OCT, CO and SV were significantly lower than those in the survival group [TcPCO2 (mmHg): 36.0±2.8 vs. 33.2±2.8, 10-minute OCT (mmHg): 49.1±4.5 vs. 53.6±5.5, CO (L/min):4.9±0.5 vs. 5.3±0.5, SV (mL): 57.8±3.5 vs. 64.4±4.8, all P < 0.01]. However, there was no statistically significant difference in PaO2, PaCO2 or Lac between the two groups. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 10-minute OCT onset predicting the 28-day death of patients with AHF was 0.802; when the optimal cut-off value was 43.5 mmHg, the sensitivity and specificity was 77.3% and 68.0%, respectively. The AUC of carbon dioxide offset was 0.812; when the optimal cut-off value was 0.46%, the sensitivity and specificity was 86.4% and 68.0%, respectively. Conclusions Percutaneous oxygen partial pressure monitoring can be used as a reliable indicator for prognosis evaluation of patients with AHF. Increased carbon dioxide offset and decreased 10-minute OCT suggest poor prognosis, and the prognosis of patients with AHF should be evaluated by dynamic monitoring.

OBJECTIVETo explore the experimental method of obtaining position emission tonogiaphy (PET) imaging evidence of changes in cerebral function by puncturing the Stomach 36 (ST36, Zusanli) acupoint.

METHODSData on changes of cerebral glycometabolism were obtained from six healthy male volunteers with positron emission tomography. Visual experimental evidence, as well as statistical parametric mapping (SPM), was gathered while puncturing the ST36 (Zusanli, right leg) acupoint.

RESULTSThere was increased glycometabolism in the hypothalamus, head of the caudate nucleus, temporal lobe, the sinistral cerebellum, postcentral gyrus, and brain stem while the acupoint ST36 was being punctured.

CONCLUSIONSAcupuncture on ST36 can lead to increase in glycometabolism in the vegetative nerve centers, which is correlated with gastric function. Visual experimental evidence of ST36 acupuncturing on functional gastrointestinal disorder was obtained in our study.

Acupuncture ; Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Brain ; diagnostic imaging ; physiology ; Glucose ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Tomography, Emission-Computed