Objective To study the application value of steelwire perforation and cerclage in treatment of comminuted clavicular fracture. Methods 32 patients with comminuted clavicular fracture were treated with steelwire perforation and cerclage. Two holes were made at the lateral margin at the ends of fractured clavicle, then a steel wire of 0.6mm in diameter passed through them and fixed the fracture. The bone fragments were fixed either with perforation or with cerclage according to their size and shape. Results The mean follow up time was 59 months. All the 32 cases of fracture healed within expected time. The function of the shoulder joints recovered well, with the excellent and good rate being 90.6% . Conclusion The steelwire perforation and cerclage bears advantages of being less traumatic, providing stable fixation, promoting fracture healing and making the secondary operation easy.

Pancreatic leakage is most common among numerous complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy surgery.Predicting at early stage and taking preventive measures in time are of great importance to reducing the incidence of pancreatic leakage as well as its related complications.The article reviewed pancreatic leakage monitoring related reports worldwide in recent 10 years.It was found that some factors were useful for the prediction of pancreatic leakage including the drainage fluid amylase and leukocyte count on postoperative day 1 and 3,C-reactive protein on postoperative day 3,the combined detection of white blood cells and albumin on postoperative day 4,the serum urea nitrogen and the serum albumin on postoperative day 1 and 5-8 days,as well as the ratio of amylase level in abdominal drainage to abdominal drainage volume.

Objective To investigate the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of heterotopic pancreas in gastrointestinal tract. Methods A total of 60 cases of heterotopic pancreas in gastrointestinal tract diagnosed through endoscopic ultrasonography and pathological examination were treated in our hospital in the recent 10 years. Their data were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among all the 60 patients, the lesions were located in duodenal bulb cavity in 3 cases, in duodenal descendent in 2 cases, in gastric angle in 3 cases,in the junction of gastric antrum and corpus ventriculi in 2 cases and in gastric antrum in 50 cases. All of the 60 patients were definitely diagnosed through endoscopy, endoscopic ultrasonography and pathological examination. 28 patients were treated by endoscopic high-frequency electronic resection, 2 patients were treated by endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), 30 patients were treated by surgical operation; no operative complication was found, and satisfactory clinical effects had been observed in these patients. Conclusions Endoscopic ultrasonography has great value in the diagnosis and endoscopic therapy of heterotopic pancreas in gastrointestinal tract. It can provide the guide for the choice of treatment. Minimally invasive endoscopic treatment is safe and effective for heterotopic pancreas and has great clinical value.

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence,antibiotic characteristics as well as molecular background of community-associated methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) from patients with skin and sofi tissue infections from 4 different hospitals in Beijing.MethodsFive hundred and one patients were enrolled from 4 hospitals prospectively.Patients with skin and soft tissue infections and no risk factors for healthcare-associated acquisition were included.Sample from the infection sites were collected for culture.Case report form was filled out for each patient.Antibiotic susceptibility test and molecular analysis was performed for each Staphylococcus aureus isolate.ResultsTotally 164 Staphylococcus aureus isolates were cultured from the patients with skin and soft tissue infections.Of them 5 isolates were CA-MRSA.These 5 CA-MRSA isolates harbored SCCmec Ⅰ, SCCmec Ⅲ, SCCmec Ⅳ,SCCmec Ⅴ and untypable,respectively.CA-MRSA was highly resistant to β-lactamase,levofloxacin,erythromycin and clindamycin,but susceptible to vancomycin,teicoplanin,linezolid,daptomycin,and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole.Prevalence of PVL in community-associated methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus(CA-MSSA) and CA-MRSA were 41.9％ and 2/5.Other toxins expressed similarly between them.Combined with multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and spa typing,the major clones of CA-MSSA were ST398-t034,ST7-t796,ST398-t571,ST1t127,and ST188-t189,while in CA-MRSA were ST239-t037-SCCmec Ⅰ,ST239-t632-SCCmecⅢ,ST59-t437-SCCmecV,ST8-t008-SCCmecⅣ,and ST6-t701-NT.ConclusionsThe low prevalence of CA-MRSA in Beijing and complexity of the genetic background in CA-MRSA were observed.Clone spread is not found among CA-MRSAisolates.CA-MRSAexhibithigher resistancecomparedwithmethicillinsensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA).Rational drug use scheme is called in the clinical practice to prevent development of high level resistance.

OBJECTIVETo establish a method to determine the underivatized glycine (Gly) and proline (Pro) in vinegar turtle shell.

METHODAn HPLC-ELSD method was conducted on a Prevail C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) with the mobile phase of acetonitrile and 0.7% trifluoroacetic acid solution (containing 5.0 mmol x L(-1) heptafluorobutyric acid), and elution time was 15 min.

RESULTThe calibration curves were showed good linearity within the concentration range of 0.14-0.6 g x L(-1). The average recoveries were 101.2% and 102.5%, and RSD were 1.9% and 2.5%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSince this method needs neither the special amino acid analyzer nor derivation of amino acid., it is efficient, simple and accurate., which could be used for quality control of vinegar turtle shell.

Animal Shells ; chemistry ; Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Glycine ; analysis ; Proline ; analysis ; Quality Control ; Reference Standards ; Reproducibility of Results ; Turtles

Objective:To investigate the biofilm-forming abilities of pathogens associated with contact lens related microbial keratitis and to compare the efficacies of different treatments in eliminating biofilms in contact lens cases (CLCs).Methods:Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans biolm formation in polypropylene CLCs was examined by using a static biofilm formation model, which was incubated at 37 ℃ for 24 hours.According to the CLC treatment methods, the experimental groups were divided into a control group, a room temperature air-drying group, a contact lens care solution soaking group, a heat-drying group and a soaking-heating group.A pathogen colony counting-based serial dilution micro-counting method was applied to evaluate the biofilm elimination efficacies and pathogen killing rates of treatments.Results:All four tested strains formed biofilms on the inner walls of the CLC, and the biomasses of S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, E.coli and C. albicans biofilm were (10.78±2.12), (9.19±0.57), (8.03±0.30), and (7.50±0.07)lg CFU/ml, respectively.The S. aureus biofilm biomass was significantly higher than those of the other strains (P<0.05). The biofilm biomasses of all the tested strains in the heat-drying and the soaking-heating groups were significantly lower than those in the control group (all at P<0.05); and the biofilm biomasses of S. aureus and E. coli in the soaking group were significantly lower than that in the control group (all at P<0.05). The heat-drying treatment resulted in a killing rate of (51.76±16.75)% for S. aureus, (68.63±4.43)% for P. aeruginosa, (83.51±13.97)% for E. coli, and (97.13±5.19)% for C. albicans, respectively (F=31.806, P<0.001). Significant differences were observed between the killing rates for each bacterium (all at P<0.05). The E. coli and C. albicans killing rates of the soak-heating treatment were (100.00±0.00) % and (97.79±7.67)%, respectively, and were significantly higher than (81.13±14.86)% of S. aureus and (74.22±11.91)% of P. aeruginosa (all at P<0.05).Conclusions:Heating alone or combined with the use of contact lens care solution treatment can improve the pathogen killing rates and effectively eliminate the bacterial and fungal contaminations in CLCs.

【Objective】 To investigate the feelings of blood donors during blood donation and its influencing factors, thus providing references for high quality blood donation service for blood banks. 【Methods】 A self-developed questionnaire concerning voluntary blood donation was randomly issued by the research group and recruited investigators among blood donors in 6 street blood donation sites of Nanjing Red Cross Blood Center at weekends during December 1~23, 2018. The basic information of blood donors, the difference of feelings during blood donation and the influencing factors were analyzed by descriptive analysis, chi-square test and binary Logistic regression analysis, respectively. 【Results】 A total of 405 questionnaires were issued, and all 405 copies were valid, with the response rate at 100% (405/405). Among the valid questionnaires, 46.67% (189/405) were first-time blood donors, 27.65% (112/405) had donated for 2~3 times, and 25.68% (104/405) donated more than 4 times. 53.59%(97/181), 23.7%(43/181) and 22.65%(41/181) of the above three groups of blood donors worried about the needles, and 55.48%(81/146), 22.60%(33/146) and 21.92%(32/146) worried about the blood outflow, 52.69% (88/167), 28.14% (47/167), and 19.16% (32/167 )worried about the pain during blood collection (P<0.05). The anxiety of unqualified blood test was similar to that of poor service (P>0.05). There were differences in blood donation experience among the three groups (P<0.05), and gender (P<0.05) was its influencing factor showed by binary Logistic regression analysis. 【Conclusion】 The majority of blood donors, who have donated at the street sites of Nanjing, are worried during blood donation collection. Therefore, the blood centers should provide high-quality services and humanized nursing interventions as well as strengthen the citizens′ awareness of blood donation.