Objective:To study the protective effects of trimetazidine (TMZ) on mitochondrial in myocardial ischemia reperfusion rats and its mechanism. Methods: Fifty SD rats were randomly divided into four groups; the pseudooperation group, the saline group and two TMZ treated groups(5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg). In the pseudooperation group, the coronary artery was not ligated, but the chest was opened. Other groups were subjected to myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury. The serum level of mal onaldehyole ( MDA ) , superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) , glutathione ( GSH ) , glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and the accumulation of Ca2+ in myocardial mitochondrial were detected at the time of 30 min ischemia and 40 min reperfusion. The myocyte ultrastnicture was also observed by electron microscope in the four groups. Results: Compared with the pseudooperation group, the MDA and total Ca2+ were significantly higher and the SOD, GSH, and GSH-PX were significantly lower in saline group and treatment groups. Compared with the saline group, the MDA and total Ca2+ was significantly lower and the SOD, GSH, and GSH-PX were significantly higher in the treatment groups. Conclusion: TMZ could significantly reduce lipid peroxidation in myocardial mitochondrial induced by ischemia and ische-mia-reperfusion. The mechanism may be that TMZ could increase the content of GSH and the acvitity of SOD and GSH-PX, and enhance its antioxidant production. TMZ could protect the cardiac cells by reducing calcium overload in myocardial mitochondrial.

Objective:To study the protective effect of trimetazidine(TMZ) on myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury and its mechanism.Methods:Totally 50 SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:the pseudooperation group,the saline group and the TMZ treated groups(5 mg?kg -1 and 10 mg?kg -1 ).In the pseudooperation group the coronary artery was not ligated but the chest was opened,the other groups were the model of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury.The level of serum creatine phosphokinase(CK) was detected at ischemia 30 min and reperfusion 40 min; The reperfusion injury myocardial malonaldehyole(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione(GSH),glutathione peroxidase(GSH Px) were detected at reperfusion 40 min.Results:The level of CK was significantly lower in treated groups than in saline group both at ischemia 30 min and reperfusion 40 min;Compared with the pseudooperation group,the MDA was higher and the SOD,GSH and GSH Px were significantly lower in saline group and treated groups;Compared with the saline group,the MDA was higher and the SOD,GSH and GSH Px were significantly lower in treated groups.Conclusion:TMZ can inhibit enzyme leaking from the ischemia reperfusion myocardial cells,and protect the cardiac cells against ischemia reperfusion injury to some extent.The mechanism may be that TMZ can reduce the injury of lipid peroxidation and harmful metabolites to cardiac cell membrane by increasing the content of GSH,the free radical cleaner,and enhancing the activity of SOD and GSH Px.

Objective To establish a rapid and accurate analysis method for food-derived ACE inhibitory peptides activity in vitro.Methods Reaction time of ACE and substrate was by measuring the hippuric acid liberated in the ACE reaction mixture at regular intervals;An optimal RP-HPLC method to measure food-derived ACE inhibitory peptides activity in vitro was set up.The hippuric acid from ACE reaction mixture(sea cucumber peptides were regarded as ACE inhibitor) was estimated by Zorbax SB-C_(18) analytical column with acetonitrile and ultrapure water as mobile phase.Results The reaction time of ACE with substrate was determined at sixty minutes;The elution was carried out with the ratio of acetonitrile to ultrapure water was 1:1(0.1%TFA) at a flow rate of 0.4 mL?min~(-1).The ahsorbance of the eluent was monitored at 228 nm,and column temperature was 25℃.The relationship between hippuric acid concentration and peak area exhibited a good linearity in the concentration ranges of 0～200?g?mL~(-1) and 200～800?g?mL~(-1).The RP-HPLC method was further validated by captopril,the oyster hydrolysate and the anchovy hydrolysate.Conclusion The method has been proved to be convenient,accurate and suitable for the analysis of foodderived ACE inhibitory peptides activity in vitro.

Objective To calculate the effects of thermoplastic mask on X-ray surface dose.Methods The BEAMnrc Monte Carlo Code system, designed especially for computer simulation of radioactive sources, was performed to evaluate the effects of thermoplastic mask on X-ray surface dose.Thermoplastic mask came from our center with a material density of 1.12 g/cm2. The masks without holes,with holes size of 0. 1 cm× 0. 1 cm, and with holes size of 0. 1 cm × 0. 2 cm, and masks with different depth (0.12 cm and 0.24 cm) were evaluated separately. For those with holes, the material width between adjacent holes was 0. 1 cm. Virtual masks with a material density of 1.38 g/cm3 without holes with two different depths were also evaluated. Results Thermoplastic mask affected X-rays surface dose. When using a thermoplastic mask with the depth of 0. 24 cm without holes, the surface dose was 74. 9% and 57.0% for those with the density of 1.38 g/cm3 and 1.12 g/cm3 respectively. When focusing on the masks with the density of 1.12 g/cm3, the surface dose was 41.2% for those with 0.12 cm depth without holes;57.0% for those with 0. 24 cm depth without holes;44. 5% for those with 0. 24 cm depth with holes size of 0.1 cm ×0.2 cm;and 54.1% for those with 0.24 cm depths with holes size of 0.1 cm ×0.1 cm.Conclusions Using thermoplastic mask during the radiation increases patient surface dose. The severity is relative to the hole size and the depth of thermoplastic mask. The surface dose change should be considered in radiation planning to avoid severe skin reaction.

Objective To explore the changes of susceptibility of different sides and gender in healthy young adults with quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM).Methods Totally 41 healthy young right-handed adults underwent conventional brain MRI and QSM scan,and the susceptibility maps were obtained by the image post-processing software.Then the ROI of the bilateral frontal grey matter (FGM),frontal white matter (FWM),caudate (CA),globus pallidus (GP),putamen (PU),thalamus (TH),substantia nigra (SN),red nucleus (RN),dentate nucleus (DN),pons (PO),corpus callosum (CC) were manually drawn to obtain magnetic susceptibility on the susceptibility map.The magnetic susceptibility of each ROI was compare between both sides,as well as gender by Mann-Whitney test.Results The magnetic susceptibility of the bilateral ROI of GP was the highest,and SN was followed,FWM was minimum.The susceptibility of bilateral FGM,FWM,CA,GP,PU,TH,SN,RN,DN,PO,CC had no statistically significant differences (all P＞0.05).The magnetic susceptibility in CA of different gender had statistically significant difference (P＜0.05).Conclusion The brain magnetic susceptibility.can be measured by QSM,and it can assess brain iron content quantitatively.

Objective To compare the effect and cost of three different α-thalassemia prenatal screening strategies used in Guangdong, China, and to provide evidence for α-thalassemia prevention. Methods In total, 13 284 hospital-delivery couples and 13 369 newborns/fetuses (offspring) from 21 counties or districts of Guangdong Province were included in this study, who were treated from June to December 2012. Mean cell volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and hemoglobin A2 (Hb A2) were detected in the couples, and 6 types ofα-globin gene mutations were found in all couples and newborns. The strategies were MCV/MCH and serum Hb A2 (protocolⅠ) or parallel screening based on pregnant women (protocolⅡ), and serum screening based on couples (protocolⅢ). The validity and reliability of the three strategies were then compared using the Chi-square test. Results The sensitivity and the specificity of pregnant women who wereα-thalassemia carriers in protocolⅠwere 74.82%(1 352/1 807) and 74.11%(8 506/11 477), and were 89.82%(1 623/1 807) and 48.60%(5 578/11 477) in protocol Ⅱ , respectively. And 1.67% (221/13 284) couples were bothα-thalassemia carriers by the gene test. The rate of missed diagnosis in bothα-thalassemia carrier couples in protocolsⅠ,ⅡandⅢwas 50.68%(112/221), 11.76%(26/221) and 11.31%(25/221), respectively. In couples who needed prenatal diagnosis, the rates of missed diagnosis, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 17.46%(11/63), 82.54%(52/63),98.35%(13 003/13 221), 19.26%(52/270) and 99.92%(13 003/13 014) in protocolⅠ;4.76%(3/63), 95.24%(60/63), 88.18%(11 658/13 221), 3.70%(60/1 623) and 99.97%(11 658/11 661) in protocolⅡ;and 3.17%(2/63), 96.83%(61/63), 59.31%(7 842/13 221), 1.12%(61/5 440) and 99.97%(7 842/7 844) in protocol Ⅲ , respectively. The diagnosis of severeα-thalassemia was not missed in all three screening strategies. The mean cost of protocols Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ for detecting a couple who needed prenatal diagnosis was 37 049.23, 50 836.00 and 40 321.64 RMB, respectively. Conclusions The three screening protocols have good efficiency in screening forα-thalassemia. However, protocolsⅡandⅢare preferred when financial conditions permit.

Objective To compare the effect of three β-thalassemia prenatal screening strategies in Guangdong province. Methods A total of 13 284 hospital-delivered couples and 13 369 newborns were recruited from 91 hospitals in 21 counties or districts of Guangdong province from June to December 2012. Mean cell volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and hemoglobin A2 (Hb A2) were tested for all the couples, and all the couples and newborns were detected by 17 types ofβ-globin gene mutations. The effect of three β-thalassemia prenatal screening strategies were compared as following:(1) MCV/MCH with Hb A2 serial screening(SS):Hb A2 was tested if the woman′s MCV<82 fl and(or)MCH<27 pg. If the woman′s Hb A2>3.5, it meant positive. And if the woman wasβ-thalassemia carrier and her husband′s Hb A2>3.5, it meant couple positive. (2) MCV/MCH with Hb A2 parallel screening(PS):if the woman′s MCV<82 fl and (or) MCH<27 pg and(or) Hb A2>3.5 pg, it meant couple positive. And the husband would be tested forβ-globin gene mutations if the woman was β-thalassemia carrier. (3) MCV/MCH with Hb A2 serial screening for couples(SSC):if one of the couple or both of them had MCV<82 fl and(or) MCH<27 pg, the couple would be tested for Hb A2, and if one of the couple got Hb A2>3.5, it meant couple positive. Results (1) For the SS strategy, the sensitivity was 92.69%(583/629);the specificity was 99.87%(12 638/12 655); the positive predictive value was 97.17%(583/600);and the negative predictive value was 99.64%(12 638/12 684). The results ofβ-globin gene mutations tested showed that the rate ofβ-thalassemia carriers was 4.74%(629/13 284) in the 13 284 pregnant women, and it was 4.29%(570/13 284) in their husbands. (2) The SS strategy detected 27 (0.20%,27/13 284) β-thalassemia carrier couples. For the SS strategy detecting β-thalassemia carrier couples, the missed diagnosis rate was 11.11%(3/27);the sensitivity was 88.89%(24/27);the specificity was 100.00%(27/27); the positive predictive value was 100.00%(24/24); and the negative predictive value was 99.98%(13 257/13 260). (3) When using the SS strategy for 13 369 offsprings, there were 582β-thalassemia carriers (4.35%,582/13 369), including 578 (99.31%,578/582) minorβ-thalassemia, 3 (0.52%,3/582) intermediaβ-thalassemia and 1 (0.17%,1/582) major β-thalassemia. The SS strategy detected 25 fetuses who neededβ-thalassemia prenatal diagnosis. (4) For the PS strategy, the sensitivity was 98.09%(617/629); the specificity was 88.73%(11 229/12 655); the positive predictive value was 30.20%(617/2 043); and the negative predictive value was 99.89%(11 229/11 241). (5) When using the PS strategy for theβ-thalassemia carrier couples, the sensitivity was 100.00%(27/27);the specificity was 95.55%(12 667/13 257);the positive predictive value was 4.38%(27/617);and the negative predictive value was 100.0%(12 667/12 667). (6) The PS strategy detected 28 fetuses who needed β-thalassemia prenatal diagnosis in 13 369 offsprings. (7) For the SSC strategy, the sensitivity was 93.80%(590/629); the specificity was 95.75%(12 117/12 655); the positive predictive value was 52.30%(590/1 128); and the negative predictive value was 99.68%(12 117/12 156). When the SSC strategy was used for the husbands, the sensitivity was 92.28%(526/570); the specificity was 95.27%(12 112/12 714);the positive predictive value was 46.63%(526/1 128); and the negative predictive value was 99.64%(12 112/12 156). (8) When the SSC strategy was used inβ-thalassemia carrier couples, the sensitivity was 100.00%(27/27);the specificity was 91.69%(12 156/13 257);the positive predictive value was 2.39%(27/1 128);and the negative predictive value was 100.00%(12 156/12 156). (9) The SSC strategy detected 28 fetuses who neededβ-thalassemia prenatal diagnosis. Conclusions All the three β-thalassemia prenatal screening strategies had good effect in clinical practice and public health. While in the high-prone area of β-thalassemia, MCV/MCH with Hb A2 parallel screening and MCV/MCH with Hb A2 serial screening for couples stratigies were better.

ObjectiveTo compare the calculation precision of the collapsed cone convolution (CCC) algorithm and pencil beam convolution (PBC) algorithm in TPS in heterogeneous tissue.Methods We made two virtual lung phantoms,one is single field phantom,In this case the photon beam incident into the phantom,the other is the two fields phantom and a cubic'tumor' was placed in the centre of the phantom.two opposite photon beams incident into the phantom.We calculated the dose of the'tumor' and the lung with the CCC and PBC algorithm.We compared the results in both case with if obtained from Monte Carlo (MC) method.ResultsIn the single field phantom,the photon beam incident from the high-density tissue to the low-density lung equivalent tissue,compared with the result of MC algorithm PBC algorithm overestimated the lung equivalent tissue dose (t =3.90,P =0.012) and the result of CCC algorithm is close to it ( t =2.25,P =0.087 ).In the two fields phantom,tumor boundary dose calculated by CCC algorithm and the MC algorithm are lower than that of the PBC algorithm (t =2.43,3.18,P =0.038,0.011 ),and the difference increase when the field size decrease, the beam energy increase and the density of the inhomogeneity decrease.ConclusionsWe had better use the CCC algorithm when calculating the dose of the tumor surrounded by low-density tissue or the tumor behind the low-density tissue,such as the lung cancer,esophageal cancer etc.

This paper summarized nursing experience of 23 patients with malignant tumor treated by 3D printing individualized template and 125I seed implantation.Nursing points included:preoperative assessment and preparation,reviewing the process of template conduction,assisting the physician to simulate the position of patients,making treatment plans,preparing templates before operation;resetting and maintaining position of patients,performing template alignment,seed implantation,monitoring vital signs and complications during operation;observation of complications,providing radiation protection and discharge guidance after operation.All 23 patients completed 125I seed implantation and no serious complication was observed.All patients recovered well and were discharged after treatment.

OBJECTIVETo provide ideal materials for repair of penile wounds in penis lengthening.

METHODSA skin incision was made between the penis and mons pubis. Penis lengthening was performed by complete releasing of the superficial suspensory ligament and partial releasing of the deep suspensory ligament of the penis. Resurfacing of the defects at the penile base was accomplished by transferring a scrotal dartos musculocutaneous flap pedicled on the anterior scrotal vessels.

RESULTS16 patients with short penis were treated with the method. All scrotal dartos musculocutaneous flaps survived and 4-4.5 cm extra length of the penile shaft was achieved. Appearance and function of the penis were improved.

CONCLUSIONSThe scrotal dartos musculocutaneous flap is one of the best materials to repair the penile skin defects in penile lengthening operation. The advantages of the flap are: 1. good blood supply; 2. thin and lacking of subcutaneous fat; 3. extensibility with the scrotal dartos muscle.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Penis ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Scrotum ; Surgical Flaps ; Treatment Outcome ; Wounds and Injuries