Vitamin D is a kind of fat-soluble vitamins essential for maintaining the body's normal functions.Vitamin D deficiency is common across the globe,it has become a public health problem.Pregnant women,as a special population,are at high risk of vitamin D deficiency.The level of vitamin D during pregnancy has a great effect on maternal,fetal,neonatal and infant health.For prevention and treatment of vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women,it is necessary to monitor and supplement vitamin D.This article reviews studies on vitamin D deficiency and supplementation in pregnant women,in order to better prevent related diseases.

The author expounded all kinds of spirits,including natural spirit, scientical spirit,humanism spirit,professional responsibility and contribution spirit during the course of resisting SARS.Those spirits not only bronght into play an important role in the period of SARS,but also will have a signifance affect after SARS.

The medical moral unders surveillance is not only an important content of building medical ethics,but also a powerful guaranty of bringing the medicine under control by moal and law.The author purposed the meanings、method and principles of the medical moral under surveillance in order to make the people pay attention and reserach more deeply.

This article comprehensively analyzes the double subjects and intersubjective quality of doctor-patient relationship,furthermore,it analyzes several facets of the intersubjective quality of doctor-patient relationship,such as technology,economy,management,etc.It discovers that doctor-patient relationship doesn't mean the only relationship between doctors and patients,but it also reflects the social relationship in the fields of medical treatment.It will help to activize the enthusiasm of both doctors and patients,and promote the development of medicine if we analyze the doctor-patient relationship from the point of view of sociology.

the living area, and the PAHs with four rings to five rings in PM10 were the dominant PAHs, which proves that the sources of PM10 in autumn have a certain similarity in Huainan city.

In order to improve the staff′s ability to combine professional level and moral quality in pharmacy in-travenous admixture services and implement it in nursing practice, this paper discussed the common ethical issues and its importance in pharmacy intravenous admixture services. It analyzed the problems, found the causes out, put forward the countermeasures, and thus to promote the further development of pharmacy intravenous admixture serv-ices and offer high quality clinical services, avoid medical disputes, and provide safer pharmacy service to patients.

Objective To explore the long-term dialysis therapies suitable for Chinese patients by comparison of the long-term clinical effect of daily ambulatory peritoneal dialysis ( DAPD ) and hemodialysis (HD) on patients with end-stage renal failure.Methods Forty-six outpatients and inpatients with end-stage renal failure were enrolled from our hospital and divided into group A (24 patients) and group B (22 patients) randomly.Participants in group A received HD treatmant,including conventional HD,hemodiafiltration (HDF),hemoperfusion (HP),etc.For three times in total 12 - 15 h each week;patients in group B received DAPD with a daily dialysate dose of 6 - 8 L and a replacement in every 3 - 4 h for each bag of peritoneal dialysate,as well as a break overnight.The subsequent long-term monitoring was performed,and the following variables were compared for the patients in these two groups:sufficiency of dialysis (i.e.Kt/V),nutritional status [ including SGA and sALB ),complication control ( including Hb,CO2CP,K+,Ca2+,P-,iPTH and blood pressure (MAP) ],infection incidence,employment rate and annual medical expense.The evaluation on daily activities of living was also performed using Barthel Index (BI) and the presence of depressive dsymptoms was assessed by HAMD.Results Patients in both group A and group B could survive under long-term dialysis,and there was no statistically significant difference in sufficiency of dialysis (Kt/V),nutritional status (SGA and sALB ),complication control ( Hb,CO2 CP,K +,Ca2 +,P -,and MAP) and infection incidence ( P ＞ 0.05 ).One year after dialysis,the urine volume [ (274 ± 102) ml vs.( 205 ± 86 ) ml,P =0.017 ],BI ( 82 ± 13 vs.73 ± 11,P =0.044) and employment rate (40.9％ vs.12.5％,P=0.044) of the patients in group B were higher than those of the patients in group A,but the ultra-filtration volume [ ( 1162 ± 124 ) ml vs.( 1542±136 ) ml,P ＜ 0.001 ],iPTH [ (77.5 ± 12.7 ) ng/L vs.( 104.4±11.3 ) ng/L,P ＜ 0.001 ],HAMD ( 8 ± 3 vs.18 ± 4,P ＜ 0.001 ) and annual medical expense [ (7.67±1.48 ) ng/L vs.( 11.35 ± 2.52 ) ng/L thousand yuan,P ＜ 0.001 ] were lower than those of the patients in group A.Five years after dialysis,B1 ( 80 ± 13vs.71 ± 14,P =0.029 ) and employment rate ( 36.4％ vs.8.3％,P =0.032 ) in group B were greater than those in group A,while iPTH [ (83.8 ± 13.4) ng/L vs.( 123.8 ± 12.4) ng/L,P ＜ 0.001 ],HAMD ( 8±2 vs.19 ± 2,P ＜ 0.001 ),and annual medical expense [ ( 10.32±1.64 ) thousand yuan vs.( 13.47 ±2.38 ) thousand yuan,P ＜ 0.001 ] were lower than those in group A,and there was no statistically significant difference in survival rate (70.8％ vs.86.4％,P=0.289) and dialysis duration [ ( 56.82 ± 6.13 ) mouths vs.(57.35 ± 6.30) months,P =0.774 ] between the two groups ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusion The comparison between the patients treated by long-term DAPD and those treated by conventional HD shows that DAPD has a satisfactory clinical effect in the aspects of sufficiency of dialysis,maintainence of nutritional status,control of complications,regulation of blood pressure and decrease of infection incidence,and it is also superior in reducing depressive symptoms,ensuring better quality of life and mitigating economic burden of patients.

Objective To investigate the expression of PCNA in gastric cancer and its relationship with telomerase activity of peritoneal washings and peritoneal dissemination, and to compare the efficacy of telomerase activity and cytology of peritoneal washings for prediction of peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer. Methods Telomeric repeated amplification protocol (TRAP)-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to measure the telomerase activity of peritoneal washings collected from 60 patients with gastric cancer. Exfoliate cytologic analysis of the corresponding samples was used for comparison.Expression of PCNA was measured with immunohistochemical staining.Their relationship with clinicopathologic features were evaluated. Results The positive rate of telomerase activity in peritoneal washing collected from patients with gastric cancer was 41.7%,which well related to serosal invasion, histology types, depth of infiltration and peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer. The positive rate of telomerase activity increased with the increased depth of infiltration and serosal involvement areas (P

The history of portable medical endoscope was studied,and the key technologies was introduced on five modules of power supply,front-end acquisition,cold light source,back-end processing and wireless transmission.The application of the latest technologies of image sensor,image acquisition circuit,image processing circuit,wireless transmission and etc was analyzed in above key technologies.The developing trend of portable medical endoscope was pointed out.

This investigation with questionnaires is about the recognition of ethical issues involved in therapeutic cloning and human embryo managemeat, and its aim is to provide basis for working out ethical guidelines of therapeutic cloning and human embryo management. The investigation has been carried out among professionals in the field of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive medicine in the east and west parts of our country including 12 third grade hospitals in Shanghai and Xi'an and 20 maternal and child health stations at the district and county levels with randomized sampling and voluntarily billing the questionnaires without name. A total of 400 feedbacks have been received. The results show that 91. 25% of the investigated persons admit researches on therapeutic cloning, and that majority of them recognize that moral status of embryos develops and changes in accordance with the different stages of embryo development, and put forward some recommendations to strengthen the researches on therapentic cloning and the management of human embryos in order to protect the human dignity and support the researches on therapeutic cloning.