Primary liver cancer is a common malignant tumor in China. The current main treatment methods include surgical resection, liver transplantation, interventional therapy, radiofrequency ablation, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. Yttrium-90 microsphere selective internal radiation therapy (⁹⁰Y-SIRT) represents a critical treatment option for converting unresectable intermediate to advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. This report details a case of a patient with a giant hepatocellular carcinoma in the right lobe treated with ⁹⁰Y resin microsphere at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University. Post-treatment, the tumor showed significant necrosis and reduction in size, with a marked decrease in alpha fetoprotein (AFP) levels and notable improvement in clinical symptoms. The case highlights the substantial efficacy of ⁹⁰Y-SIRT in controlling tumor progression and enhancing patient quality of life.

Pinellia ternata， belonging to the Pinellia genus within the Araceae family， is a medicinal plant due to its tubers. There are severe issues with unclear germplasm and mixed varieties in its cultivation， necessitating urgent new variety protection efforts. The distinctness， uniformity， and stability （DUS） testing of the plant variety is the basis for protecting new plant varieties， and the DUS test guidelines are the technical basis for DUS testing. To develop the DUS test guidelines for P. ternata， agronomic traits of 229 germplasm of P. ternata were observed and measured during its two growth stages over the years， and each character was graded and described. A total of 38 traits were selected as the test traits of the DUS test guideline for P. ternata. There were three plant traits， 19 leaf traits， six flower traits， two fruit traits， two tuber traits， five bulbil traits， and one ploidy trait. These traits could be divided into 22 quality characters， 12 quantitative characters， and four pseudo-quantitative characters， as well as seven groups， including plants， leaves， flowers， fruit， tubers， bulbils， and ploidy. By searching for standard traits， 10 standard varieties were ultimately determined. Preparing these guidelines will have great significance for reviewing and protecting P. ternata varieties， safeguarding breeders' rights， and promoting the development of the P. ternata industry.

ObjectiveTo investigate the potential mechanisms of Zhimu （Anemarrhena asphodeloides）-Huangbai （Phellodendron amurense） medicinal pair in alleviating postmenopausal osteoporosis （PMOP）. MethodsSixty unpregnant female SD rats were randomly divided into five groups， blank group， model group， low-dose Zhimu-Huangbai group， high-dose Zhimu-Huangbai group， and estradiol group， with 12 rats in each group. Except for the blank group， all other groups had their ovaries removed to create PMOP rat models， while the blank group only had the fat tissue around the ovaries removed. One week after the ovarian removal， the low-dose and high-dose Zhimu-Huangbai groups received concentrated solution of Zhimu and Huangbai with 1.8， 7.2 g/（kg·d） via gavage， the estradiol group received estradiol solution 0.09 mg/（kg·d） via gavage， and the blank group and the model group received 10 ml/（kg·d） of normal saline via gavage， once daily for 12 weeks. Before sampling， the body mass of the rats was recorded， and uterine tissue was taken to calculate the uterine index. The levels of interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， interleukin-6 （IL-6） and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） in serum were detected by ELISA； micro CT was used to examine the parameters of femoral microstructure， including bone volume/tissue volume （BV/TV）， trabecular number （Tb.N）， trabecular thickness （Tb.Th）， bone mineral density （BMD）， trabecular separation （Tb.Sp）， and cortical bone area （Ct.Ar）. HE staining was used to observe pathological changes in the femur； RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of osteogenic-adipogenic differentiation-related factors in femoral tissue， including Runt-related transcription factor 2 （Runx2）， bone morphogenetic protein 2 （BMP-2）， peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ （PPARγ）， chemerin and chemokine-like receptor 1 （CMKLR1）. ResultsCompared with the blank group， the model group showed a significant increase in body mass， a significant decrease in the uterine index， BV/TV， Tb.N， Tb.Th and BMD， a significant increase in Tb.Sp， and serum IL-1β， IL-6， and TNF-α levels， a significant reduction of mRNA expression of Runx2 and BMP-2 in bone tissue， and a significant increased mRNA expression of PPARγ， chemerin， and CMKLR1 （P＜0.01）. HE staining revealed that the femoral tissue showed a reduction and sparsity of trabeculae， a significant enlargement of the medullary cavity， and a large number of fat cells. Compared to the model group， the low-dose， high-dose Zhimu-Huangbai groups， and estradiol group showed significant improvements in all the above-mentioned indicators （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. HE staining revealed a significant increase in trabeculae， more organized arrangement， and a marked reduction in fat cells. Compared to low-dose Zhimu-Huangbai group， the high-dose Zhimu-Huangbai group exhibited a significant increase in the uterine index and BMD， and a significant reduction in body mass and PPARγ and Chemerin mRNA expression （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Compared to high-dose Zhimu-Huangbai group， the estradiol group showed a decrease in uterine index， BV/TV， Tb.N， Tb.Th， BMD， and BMP-2 mRNA expression， while the levels of IL-1β， TNF-α， and IL-6， as well as Tb.Sp and the mRNA expressions of PPARγ， chemerin， and CMKLR1 increased （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. ConclusionThe Zhimu-Huangbai medicinal pair can alleviate PMOP bone loss， and its mechanism of action is related to reducing the levels of inflammatory factors， correcting the disorder of osteogenic-adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells （BMSCs）， and promoting the differentiation of BMSCs into osteoblasts.

This study aims to establish a high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) method for determining the content of the classical swine fever virus (CSFV) E2 protein and screen the optimal stabilizer to enhance the stability of this protein. The optimal detection conditions were determined by optimizing the composition of the mobile phase, and characteristic chromatographic peaks were identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. The specificity, repeatability, precision, linearity, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantitation (LOQ) of the method were assessed. The method established was used to determine the content of CSFV E2 protein antigen and vaccine. Differential scanning fluorimetry (DSF) was employed to screen the buffer system, pH, and salt ion concentrations, and sugar, amino acid, and alcohol stabilizers were further screened. The results showed that using a 200 mmol/L phosphate buffer provided the best column efficiency. An antigen-specific chromatographic peak appeared at the retention time of 18 min, which was identified as the CSFV E2 protein by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. The method exhibited high specificity for detecting the CSFV E2 protein, with no absorbance peak observed in the blank control. The relative standard deviation (RSD) of the peak area for six repeated injections of the CSFV E2 protein was 0.74%, indicating good repeatability of the method. The RSD for repeated detection of two different concentrations of CSFV E2 protein samples by different operators at different time points was less than 2%, suggesting good intermediate precision of the method. The peak area of the CSFV E2 protein was linearly related to its concentration, with the regression equation showing R² of 1.000. The LOD and LOQ of the method were 14.88 μg/mL and 29.75 μg/mL, respectively. Application of the developed method in the detection of three batches of CSFV E2 protein antigen and three batches of vaccine demonstrated results consistent with those from the bicinchoninic acid (BCA) assay, which meant that the method could accurately determine the content of CSFV E2 protein antigen and vaccine. The DSF method identified 50 mmol/L Tris-HCl at pH 8.0 as the optimal buffer, and the addition of sugar and alcohol stabilizers further improved the stability of the CSFV E2 protein. The HPSEC method established in this study is simple, fast, and exhibits good accuracy and repeatability, enabling precise measurement of the CSFV E2 protein content. It is expected to play a crucial role in the quality control of the CSFV E2 vaccine. Furthermore, the strategy for improving the CSFV E2 protein stability, identified through DSF screening, has significant implications for enhancing the stability of the CSFV E2 vaccine.
Classical Swine Fever Virus/chemistry* ; Chromatography, Gel/methods* ; Animals ; Swine ; Viral Envelope Proteins/immunology*

Acute urinary retention(AUR)occurs frequently among astronauts on orbit.The current treatment is complex and easy to damage the urethra,which seriously affects the life and work of astronauts.In contrast,acupuncture,a traditional Chinese remedy,has shown promising results in managing urinary retention.However,the specific acupoints that could potentially prevent AUR remain uncertain due to the unique physiological conditions experienced by individuals in space compared to those on Earth.To address this gap,our research delved into the mechanisms of AUR and acupuncture within both traditional Chinese medicine and modern medical practices.We conducted a thorough literature review from Pubmed,Web of Science,CNKI,Wanfang database,VIP database and Chinese Medical Code database.A hierarchical evidence-scoring approach was utilized to analyze the included literatures,thus devised acupuncture protocols for the treatment of AUR.The outcomes of our study aim to establish a foundation for the application of acupuncture in managing AUR.

Under the influence of long-term space flights and the confined space environment,it is very easy to induce space depression syndrome,mainly manifested as decreased emotional stability,sleep disorders,mental fatigue,etc.,which seriously affect the living conditions and working abilities of astronauts.The current treatment methods mainly focus on psychological support and drug intervention.Acupuncture has a good effect in treating depression.Therefore,starting from the TCM pathogenesis and modern medical pathogenesis of aerospace depression syndrome,we conducted literature retrieval from databases such as the Chinese Medical Classic,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang,VIP,PubMed,and Web of science.For the included literature,we adopted the stratified evidence scoring method and combined the TCM mechanism and modern medical mechanism of the effect of acupuncture.A prescription for acupuncture points was constructed to provide a basis for selecting acupuncture points for the prevention of aerospace depression syndrome through acupuncture.

Objective To investigate the effect of ophiopogonin B(OP-B)on tumor growth in gastric tumor-bearing rats and its underlying mechanism.Methods Sixty-six SPF SD rats(half male and female,6 weeks old,180～200 g)were randomly divided into model group,low-,medium-and high-dose OP-B groups,and activator group,with 10 rats in each group.The gastric tumor-bearing model was established by orthotopic transplantation of Walker-256 tumor tissue.The rats in the 3 doses groups were given 17.5,35 and 70 mg/kg OP-B,respectively,by gavage and intraperitoneal injection of the same amount of normal saline,and the rats in the activator group were intragastrically administered with 70 mg/kg OP-B and intraperitoneally injected with 1 mg/kg Rho A/ROCK1 signaling pathway activator,lysophosphatidic acid(LPA).The weight and volume of transplanted tumor were recorded to calculate the tumor inhibitory rate.The morphology of tumor tissue was observed with HE staining.The apoptosis of tumor cells were detected by TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling(TUNEL)staining.The expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen 67(Ki-67)and cleavage cysteine aspartic acid proteolytic enzyme-3(Cleaved Caspase-3)in tumor tissues were detected by immunohistochemical staining.RT-qPCR and Western blotting were utilized to measure the expression of Ras homologous gene family member A(Rho A)and Rho-associated coiled-coil forming protein kinasel(ROCK1)at mRNA and protein levels.Results Compared with the model group,the tumor weight and volume,mRNA and protein levels of Ki-67,Rho A and ROCK1 were significantly decreased,and the tumor inhibitory rate,tumor cell apoptotic rate and Cleaved Caspase-3 protein level were obviously increased in the low-,medium-and high-dose OP-B groups(P＜0.05).The activator group had heavier tumor weight and larger volume,increased mRNA and protein expression levels of Ki-67,Rho A and ROCK1,and lower tumor inhibitory rate and apoptotic rate and reduced Cleaved Caspase-3 expression when compared with the high-dose OP-B group(P＜0.05).Conclusion OP-B may suppress the tumor growth of gastric tumor-bearing rats by inhibiting the activation of Rho A/ROCK1 signaling pathway.

Background::Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and diameter, stiffness, and wave reflections, are independent and important clinical biomarkers and risk predictors for cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of the present study was to establish nationwide reference values of carotid properties for healthy Chinese adults and to explore potential clinical determinants.Methods::A total of 3053 healthy Han Chinese adults (1922 women) aged 18-79 years were enrolled at 28 collaborating tertiary centers throughout China between April 2021 and July 2022. The real-time tracking of common carotid artery walls was achieved by the radio frequency (RF) ultrasound system. The IMT, diameter, compliance coefficient, β stiffness, local pulse wave velocity (PWV), local systolic blood pressure, augmented pressure (AP), and augmentation index (AIx) were then automatically measured and reported. Data were stratified by age groups and sex. The relationships between age and carotid property parameters were analyzed by Jonckheere-Terpstra test and simple linear regressions. The major clinical determinants of carotid properties were identified by Pearson’s correlation, multiple linear regression, and analyses of covariance.Results::All the parameters of carotid properties demonstrated significantly age-related trajectories. Women showed thinner IMT, smaller carotid diameter, larger AP, and AIx than men. The β stiffness and PWV were significantly higher in men than women before forties, but the differences reversed after that. The increase rate of carotid IMT (5.5 μm/year in women and 5.8 μm/year in men) and diameter (0.03 mm/year in both men and women) were similar between men and women. For the stiffness and wave reflections, women showed significantly larger age-related variations than men as demonstrated by steeper regression slopes (all P for age by sex interaction <0.05). The blood pressures, body mass index (BMI), and triglyceride levels were identified as major clinical determinants of carotid properties with adjustment of age and sex. Conclusions::The age- and sex-specific reference values of carotid properties measured by RF ultrasound for healthy Chinese adults were established. The blood pressures, BMI, and triglyceride levels should be considered for clinical application of corresponding reference values.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and further analyze the application prospects of the combined multitarget fecal FIT-DNA assay in the early screening of colorectal cancer.Methods Subjects were selected from a population attending the Inner Mongolia Medical University Hospital.Each subject underwent a combined multi-target fecal FIT-DNA test(experimental group),a serum tumor marker test and enteroscopy(control group).The pathological results were used as the gold standard to evaluate the efficacy of novel fecal molecular testing techniques for colorectal cancer screening with timely intervention given to screen positive individuals.Results The data of 115 individuals were analyzed.Serum tumor markers test had a sensitivity of 63.2%(43/68)and a specificity of 74.5%(35/47).The enteroscopy had a sensitivity of 97.1%(66/68)and a specificity of 80.7%(38/47);the combined multitarget fecal FIT-DNA test had a sensitivity of 89.7%(61/68)and a specificity of 87.2%(41/47).Conclusion The sensitivity and specificity of multitarget fecal FIT-DNA combined detection are better than those of serum tumor marker detection.Although its sensitivity is lower than enteroscopy,its operation is simpler and can be tested at home.