BACKGROUND:Umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cel s are multipotential stem cel s in the mesoderm in early development stage, and have been paid great attention due to its properties of multi-directional differentiation. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the potential of induced differentiation of umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cel s. METHODS:We retrieved PubMed Database for articles concerning the differentiation potential of umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cel s published from January 1999 to December 2012. In titles and abstracts, the key words were“umblical cord blood, mesenchymal stem cel s, potential, differentiation”. Total y, 52 articles addressing the differentiation potential of umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cel s were reviewed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Numerous studies have confirmed that human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cel s can successful y differentiate into multiple kinds of cel lines, but their understanding remains minor. If we can master the characteristics of the differentiation potential of umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cel s, it would be used to repair bone and myocardium detects. Present studies remain in a starting stage. Isolation and purification, regulation of differentiation direction, in vitro amplification and immunogenicity require further investigations.

Chronic cough is a multi-factorial symptom,postnasal drip syndrome (PNDS) and gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) are common causes of chronic cough, which is closely associated with the otolaryngologist. The aim of this paper is to highlight the issues in clinical features, diagnosis and management of chronic cough from the otolaryngologist perspective.
Chronic Disease ; Cough ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans

Objective To investigate the gene silencing,apoptosis induction and the suppression of proliferation in vivo transfected by UTMD techniques associated with shRNA techniques. Methods The survivin-shRNA expression vector was constructed. Nude mice were randomly arranged into 3 groups:control group, plasmid injection and ultrasound (P + US), P + UTMD group. Histological examination were evaluated. Protein expressions of Survivin and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Bcl-2, Bax,Caspase-3, Ki-67, nucleostemin (NS), p53 were investigated by immunohistochemistry. Results In transplanted tumors experiment, comparing with those in C and P + US groups, protein expressions of PCNA,Ki-67,Bcl-2, Survivin, NS were down-regulated markedly, while those of Bax, Caspase-3 and P53 were up-regulated significantly ( P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions UTMD combined with shRNA technique can induce apoptosis and inhibit proliferation significantly, without causing any apparently adverse effect,representing a new,promising technology that can be used in the tumor gene therapy and research.

Objective To improve the identification of rush pneumoconiosis.Methods To analyze 47 cases of rush pneumoconiosis treated in our hospital from 2003 May to 2008 December.Results The male occupied 74% of 47 patients.The average age of onset was 34.2 ranging from 26.1 to 42.3.78.7% patiets presented with cough,sputum production,chest pain and dyspnea.4.2% patiets had PaO2 45 mmHg.85.1% patients' chest X-ray and CT images showed nodule shadows,interstitial fibrosis and ground glass attenuation.42.6% patients had restrictive ventilation disorders,2.1% obstrutive ventilation disorders 4.2% mixed ventilation disorders,and 74.5% decreased diffusing capacities.Through fiberoptic bronchoscopy,carbon sediment were seen on the 10% patients' bronchial walls,and bronchial lumen were distorted and stiff.Chronic inflammaion increased,macrophages and fibre tissues,and 21.2% dust cells were seen in pathology.All patients were treated according to their clinic symptoms.Conclusion Rush-mat dust was the main cause of rush pneumoconiosis,there were no special ways to cure this disease,prevention was the key to eliminate rush pneumoconiosis.

Objective To explore the changes and significance of serum tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?),interleukin-1?(IL-1?),IL-6 and IL-10 in rats with acute necrotizing pancreatitis(ANP).Methods Sixty-four Wistar rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: sham operation group(SO group n=32) and ANP group(n=32).The ANP model was established by using retrograde injection of Sodium Taurocholate into cholangiopancreatic duct.The changes of serum endotoxin(ET),TNF-?,IL-1?,IL-6 and IL-10 in different groups and different time points were observed.Results The levels of serum ET,TNF-?,IL-1?,IL-6 and IL-10(except IL10 of ANP group in 16h) in rats of ANP group were significantly higher than those of SO group(P

Objective: To study the rehabilitation efficiency of adjuvant derma transplantation in treatment of front palate fistula. To find a better way to solve the problem of correcting the front fistula in short of the nearby tissue. Methods: Established the front fistula model in the oral and nasal cavity in the front of the palate with surgery. 30 Japanese big ear rabbits were divided into 2 groups. One month after operation, 15 rabbits were operated with the nearby tissue into the inner of nasal cavity and by transplanting their back skin while the others were treated only with the nearby tissues. The rehabilitation process and the histological changes of the palate were observed. Results: All dermal flaps survived after transplantation. This surgical method got a satisfying effect(P<0.05). The rate of success for correcting with single nearby tissues was lower. Conclusion: Adjuvant derma transplantation for rehabilitation of the front palate fistula is effective and reliable in the rabbits. The combination of the nearby tissue and homeochronous derma transplantation might be a good mode for correcting the front fistula in short of the nearby tissues.

AIM: To validate the alternations of flow velocity patterns in the infarct-related artery (IRA) during no-reflow phenomenon in a canine model of acute myocardial ischemia and reperfusion by transthoracic Doppler echocardiography (TTDE) combined with myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) by means of administration of Albunex. METHODS: Nineteen dogs first underwent 60 min myocardial ischemia and then followed by 60 min,120 min and 180 min reperfusion ( n = 6, 6 and 7, respectively). The perfusion defect area determined by MCE at 60 min myocardial ischemia was regarded as risk area (RAMCE). The perfusion defect area defined by MCE after reperfusion was considered as no-reflow area (NRAMCE). The ratio between NRAMCE and RAMCE ≥ 25 %was regarded as the development of no-reflow phenomenon and the ratio of NRAMCE to RAMCE＜25% was considered as the myocardial reflow. The coronary flow velocity parameters in IRA were determined through TTDE. RESULTS: Two dogs died during experiment and the remaining seventeen dogs completed throughout the procedure.There were seven dogs in reflow group and ten dogs in noreflow group. No significant difference was present in reflow group between at baseline and at 60 min reperfusion in systolic peak velocity (PVs), systolic velocity time integral (VT Is), corrected systolic flow duration (cFDs),diastolic peak velocity (PVd), diastolic velocity time integral (VT Id), corrected diastolic flow duration (cFDd),diastolic deceleration rate (DDR), corrected diastolic deceleration duration (cDDD) (P＞0.05), however, a significant difference was found in no-reflow group between at baseline and at 60 min reperfusion in PVs,VTIs, cFDs, PVd, VTId and cFDd (P＜0.05). The most marked alterations during diastolic phase were the increase of DDR and reduction of cDDD. CONCLUSION: The impaired microvasculature may profoundly affect the coronary flow velocity pattern in the IRA. The increase in microvascular resistance and decrease in coronary perfused pressure can contribute to the changes.Transthoracic Doppler echocardiography combined with MCE has the capability of noninvasive assessment of coronary flow velocity pattern in the IRA during no-reflow phenomenon.

Objective:To observe and compare the therapeutic effect of metoprolol by routine increasing dose method and rapid titration method on acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Methods:A total of 60 inpatients,who were di-agnosed with AMI within 24h and without contraindications for metoprolol,were randomly divided into two groups:routine therapy group (received metoprolol using routine methods,the dose was added in seven days)and rapid ti-tration group (metoprolol was added in three days using titration).The dosage maintained with 190 mg/d after both groups reaching the target dose of 190mg/d;then therapeutic effects were observed in both groups.Results: ①There were no re-myocardial infarction,rehospitalization caused by heart failure and sudden death etc.in both groups;② Patients received echocardiography in outpatients after three months.Compared with routine increasing dose group,there was significant reduction in left ventricular end-diastolic diameter [LVEDd,(55.00±7.56)mm vs.(50.00± 5.81)mm]and significant rise in left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF,(49.13 ± 10.18)% vs. (57.84±10.34)%]in rapid titration group,P <0.01 both.Conclusion:Rapid titration method could make the pa-tients rapidly reach the targeted dose of metoprolol and inhibit renin release earlier,block the renin-angiotensin sys-tem,and improve myocardial remodeling and cardiac function.

Objective Evaluating the main risk factors of thyroid cancer systematicaly,to provide reference for the further development of thyroid cancer prevention strategies.Methods Such databases as PubMed,Cochrane Library,CBM,CNKI,VIP and WanFang were searched from the date of their establishment to June 10 2016 to collect the case-control studies on thyroid cancer.After study selection,assessment and data extraction was conducted by two reviewers independently,meta-analysis was performed by using the RevMan 5.1 software.Results Nineteen studies involving 4 813 thyroid cancer patients and 6 068 comparions were selected.The results of metaanalysis showed that:the risk factors of thyroid cancer mainly included history of benign thyroid disease [odds ratio (OR) =7.31,95％ confidence interval (95％CI,4.37,12.23)],family history of thyroid cancer [OR =5.13,95％CI (3.20,8.23)],high iodine diet [(marine animal food,OR =4.15,95％CI (2.47,6.99)],CT inspection history [OR =3.99,95％CI (2.10,7.60)],Negative emotions [sulking,OR =3.31,95％CI (2.23,4.91)],BMI greater than 25 [OR =2.62,95％CI (1.73,3.97)],high pressure and anxious [OR =2.60,95％CI (1.61,4.21)],getting along with people not harmoniously [OR =2.46,95％CI (1.59,3.81)],the number of pregnancies of women more than three times [OR =2.03,95％CI (1.50,2.76)],age of menarche less than 13,14 years old [OR =1.59,95％CI (1.06,2.37)].Conclusions Thyroid benign disease history,family history of thyroid cancer,high iodine diet,CT examination,BMI greater than 25,bad mood,social interaction,number of pregnancies and other factors are the independent risk factors for thyroid cancer.Corresponding prevention and control measures should be taken according to these risk factors.

Objective To evaluate the methods of diagnosis and treatment of thyroid disease with concomitant focal lymphocytic thyroiditis(FLT), and explore the reasons for its confused with Hashimoto′s disease(HD).Methods During the recent 25 years, 207 patients underwent surgical trearment for pathologically diagnosed HD.Among this group, 143 cases of HD with other concomitant thyroid disease were retrospectively analysed.Results Of the 143 cases, 57 cases were found to have thyroid disease with concomitant FLT, and this was 27.5%(57/207) of the total HD group, or 39.9%(57/143) of the group with thyroid disease and concomitant HD.Intraoperative pathologic section revealed that focal lymphocytic infiltration was positive in 87.7%(50/57) of cases. The postoperative hypothyroidism occurrence rate was 19.3%(11/57), of which, 7 cases(7/57, 12.3%) were subclinical hypothyroidism.Conclusions The character of pathologic changes of thyroid disease with FLT and with HD was different. Intraoperative pathologic section can be helpful in the diagnosis of this condition and can have important significance as a guide to the scope of (surgical) resection of the thyroid gland.