OBJECTIVE To examine directly the fungal pathogens from nasal sinus under microscope and identify them.METHODS The nasal sinus secretion from 36 cases with fungal infection was directly examined microscopically,cultured,and identified for fungi.RESULTS Direct microscopic examination was positive in 34 cases and from them 24 were with positive cultures: 19 had infection of Aspergillus,3 of Scedosporium spiosperimum,1 of Pseudallescheria boydii,and 1 of Alternaria.CONCLUSIONS Aspergillus are the main pathogens in nasal sinus fungal infection.

Fluorescence imaging of animal in vivo is to tag cell or DNA with fluorescence reporter gene, and then detect the fluorescence using sensitive optics apparatus. With this system, researcher can observe tumor growth, metastasis and angiogenesis in vivo, and reliable information for tumor diagnosis and treatment will be provided for researcher.

Near-infrared technology can be used as an auxiliary means for the early diagnosis of cancer and for surgical resection of tiny lesion that can not be discriminated by naked eyes,but it can not satisfy the purpose when used alone.Thus,we have developed an integrated technique by combining near-infrared and other technologies,and extended the scope of its application.This article reviews the advances of several integrated techniques applied to tumor research,including double labeled technology of nuclide and near-infrared,the combination of near-infrared and fluorescence resonance energy transfer,the combined use of near-infrared and endoscopy,and the integration of near-infrared with carbon nanotubes.

Objective:To establish a DNA typing method for HLA-I antigens with medium resolution method by DNA chip technique.Methods:The chip was made with specific medium distinguish-typing probes designed according to gene frequency of HLA-I alleles from Northern Chinese. Unsymmetrical PCR was used to amplify HLA-I exon2,3,and then the PCR products labeled and hybridized with probes on the chip.Typing of HLA-I was certified by scanning the hybridizing signals of through a set of computer software.Results:HLA-I alleles were successfully typed in 30 clinical samples .This medium-distinguishing probes were able to discern 57 HLA-I alleles accurately.Conclusion:DNA typing of HLA-I by chip has been proven to be a high-resolution and high-specific method. It is able to check out the new alleles that can not be distinguished by other methods with the same resolution., and it is more intuitional and more suitable for clinical application .

Objective To discuss the value of medium resolution typing method for HLA-B antigens of Northern Chinese by DNA chip technique.Methods The chip was made with specific medium distinguish typing probes designed according to gene frequency of HLA-B alleles from Northern Chinese.Unsymmetrical PCR was used to amplify HLA-B exon 2 and 3, then labeled PCR products and hybridize with probes on the chip.Certified the typing of HLA-B by analysed and scanned the signals of hybridize through a set of computer software.Results HLA-B alleles were successfully typed in 30 clinical samples. This medium distinguish probes were able to discern 42 HLA-B alleles from the scope of HLA-B 7~83. Using it we can distinguish B14,73 and 82 three new alleles contrast to PCR-SSP methods.Conclusions DNA typing of HLA-B by chip was proven to be a high-resolution and high-specificity method. It is able to check out the multitudinous samples in one DNA chip and it is more suitable for clinical application.

AIM: To investigate the role of ubiquitin-proteasome system ( UPS) in adipocyte differentiation. METHODS:Differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes into adipocytes was induced by treatment with insulin, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine and dexamethasone.Western blot and immunoprecipitation were performed to detect the protein abundances and association, respectively.Oil red O staining was used to determine the intracellular lipid of 3T3-L1 adipocytes.The levels of mRNA were measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ( RT-PCR) .RESULTS:UPS inhibitor bortezomib (BZM) suppressed the differentiation of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes, evidenced by reduced intracellular content of triglyceride, and decreased mRNA expression of adipogenic marker proteins such as adiponectin and adipocyte protein 2.In contrast, administration of sildenafil (SDN), an activator of protein kinase G which was also found to activate UPS, promo-ted adipocyte differentiation.In addition, BZM treatment decreased the expression of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ( PPARγ) in the soluble fraction and reduced association of HSP90 and PPARγ.Furthermore, HSP90-specific N-terminal inhibitor geldanamic mitigated SDN-induced increase in PPARγlevel and 3T3-L1 cell differentiation.CONCLUSION:UPS modulates HSP90-dependent PPARγstability, thus leading to pro-motion of adipocyte differentiation.

Objective To establish the method for quality control of ethyl-acetate parts of Ferula sinkiangesis. Methods HPLC was used to detect the contents of ferulic acid, farnesiferol A and farnesiferol C. Waters XTerra RPC18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) was used; acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid was as mobile phase with gradient elution; flow rate was 1.0 mL/min; detective wavelength was 324 nm; temperature was 30℃; sample volume was 10 μL ResultsFerulic acid, farnesiferol A, and farnesiferol C showed a good linear relationship range from 0.05– 1.0 mg/mL, 0.132–2.64 mg/mL, and 0.118–2.36 mg/mL, respectively. The average recovery rates were 99.34%, 98.96% and 99.24% respectively. The contents of ferulic acid, farnesiferol A and farnesiferol C were 33.4, 76.5, 72.3 mg/g respectively.Conclusion The method was simple, accurate and repeatable, with good repeatability and stability, which can be used for the quality control of ethyl-acetate parts ofFerula sinkiangesis.

Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined the embolization with chemotherapy,whose efficacy has been verified in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.Factors like the incomplete embolism,the formation of collateral circulation,neoangiogenesis and the like greatly weaken the clinical efficacy of TACE in the long term.Thus,the improvement of TACE efficacy depends on the comprehensive treatment.This paper reviewed the present application status and the progress on the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with TACE.

Objective To investigate the effect of early early enteral nutrition combined with parenteral nutrition support on postoperative gastrointestinal function,nutritional status and liver function of patients with obstructive jaundice.Methods Sixty-two patients with obstructive jaundice of hepatobiliary who were treated in the General Surgery Department of the Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology from July 2013 to July 2014 were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group,31 cases in each group.The control group were treated with simple parenteral nutrition,and were injected by central venous catheter at the first day after operation,with the injection tiem of 12-15 h and continuous infusion of 7 d or more.The observation group were received enteral nutrition combined with parenteral nutrition,parenteral nutrition was given first,and the preparation method of the nutrient solution was identical with that of the control group;and then slowly dropped 250 ml physiological saline into the jejunum nutrition tube at the second day,dropped into the enteral nutrition liquid at the third day with the initial dose of 300 to 500 ml per day,slowly dropped in the speed of 20-30 ml/h.Results The first exhaust time,first defecation time and hospitalization time in the observation group were (41.37±6.85) h,(46.85±7.13) h and (12.79±3.76) d,significantly shorter than those in the control group ((57.21 ± 9.23) h,(61.43 ± 10.62) h and (16.94 ± 4.33) d;t =7.67,6.35,4.03;P＜O.05),daily hospitalization expenses was (1637.65± 138.24)yuan,significantly less than that in the control group((2121.42±112.38)yuan;t=15.12;P＜0.05).The serum albumin berofe and after the operation in the control group and observation group were (28.73±3.24) g/L and (29.21±3.31) g/L,(36.85±4.05) g/L and (47.21±4.13) g/L,respectively.The serum pre albumin berofe and after the operation in the control group and observation group were (162.81±31.27) g/L and (163.14±30.56) g/L,(248.95±58.62) g/L and(324.24±61.34) g/L,respectively.There was no difference before operation between the two groups (P＞0.05),while the serum protein levels were significantly increased in observation group than the control group (P＜0.01).There were no difference in ALT,total bilirubin and direct bilirubin levels between the two groups before operation (P ＞ 0.05),after treatment,the levels of ALT,total bilirubin and direct bilirubin in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P＜0.01).The patients in the two groups recovered well,and no serious adverse reactions occurred.Conclusion Early enteral and parenteral nutrition support in patients with obstructive jaundice has better effect and safety in the clinical treatment.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of alternation of PKC activify in liver ischemia preconditioning(IP). Methods After establishment of rat liver IP model, PKC inhibitor and activator were utilized to analyze the phosphorylation of PKC and P44/42MAPKs and HSP expression, and cellular structure was also observed. All of the data were statistically analyzed. Results Compared with the control group without IP, the phosphorylation of PKC was significantly increased in IP treated models and PKC activated group(P